2024-03-29T11:21:55Zhttps://edoc.hu-berlin.de/oai/request/oai:edoc.hu-berlin.de:18452/204042020-03-07T05:00:13Zcom_18452_1col_18452_4ddc:333.7textPublicationopen_accessddc:550doc-type:bachelorThesisddc:330ddc:630
Biochar from water hyacinth – turning a plague into a resource
Can biochar from water hyacinth efficiently increase the water holding capacity of a ferralsol soil?
Betzold, Thomas
Krüger, Tobias
Tetzlaff, Dörthe
Biokohle
Wasserhyazinthe
Eichhornia crassipes
Feldkapazität
Wasserhaltekapazität
Ferralsol
Bodenverbesserer
Biochar
water hyacinth
field capacity
water holding capacity
whc
ferralsol
soil conditioner
soil restoration
drought resilience
climate resilience
Eichhornia crassipes
333.7 Natürliche Resourcen, Energie und Umwelt
550 Geowissenschaften
630 Landwirtschaft und verwandte Bereiche
ddc:333
ddc:550
ddc:630
This thesis is surveying the effect of Biochar from water hyacinth on the water holding capacity of a Ferralsol soil. At the beginning the Butare area in Rwanda is described, as a possible place for an implementation of the measure. Thereby the focus is set on socioeconomic, climatic and soil conditions. Than a description of Biochar and its effects on soil, and an overview of the water hyacinth with its extraordinary biomass production are given. Both considerations merge to the question, if water hyacinth can serve as a feedstock for Biochar production and how such a Biochar could effect the soil water holding capacity. This is answered by an experiment: water hyacinth is collected from lake Victoria and pyrolysed to Biochar. This Biochar is added in concentrations of 1.5%, 2% and 3% to the local Ferralsol soil. For a better understanding of the Ferralsol soil its grain size distribution is estimated applying the Köhn sedimentation procedure and laser diffraction. The Biochar amended soil is saturated with water and relocated for drainage. After two days the samples are weighed and thus their water content at water holding capacity determined. The experiment resulted in an increase in water holding capacity of 11%, respectively 14% and 26%.
Diese Arbeit untersucht die Wirkung von Biokohle aus Wasserhyazinthen auf die Feldkapazität eines Ferralsol-Bodens. Als möglicher Ort für eine Anwendung dieser Methode wird eingangs die Butare Region in Ruanda beschrieben. Hauptsächlich wird dabei auf sozioökonomische, klimatische und bodenkundliche Faktoren eingegangen. Es folgt eine Beschreibung von Biokohle und ihrer Wirkungen im Boden; und ein Überblick zur Wasserhyazinthe und ihrer enormen Biomasseproduktion. Aus der Betrachtung beider Themen leitet sich die Frage ab, ob sich aus Wasserhyazinthen Biokohle herstellen lässt und wie diese sich als Bodenverbesserer auf die Feldkapazität auswirkt. Zur Klärung wird ein Experiment durchgeführt. Wasserhyazinthen werden vom Victoriasee gesammelt und zu Biokohle verkohlt. Diese Biokohle wird in Konzentrationen von 1.5%, 2%, 3% dem vor Ort vorgefundenen Ferralsol-Boden beigemengt. Um den verwendeten Ferralsol-Boden besseren einzuordnen, wird dessen Kornsummenverteilung mittels Köhn-Sedimentationsverfahren und Beckman-Coulter Laserdiffraktometer analysiert. Die Biokohle-Bodengemische werden mit Wasser aufgesättigt und frei-dränend aufgestellt. Nach zwei Tagen werden die Proben gewogen und der Wassergehalt bei Feldkapazität festgestellt. Es zeigt sich ein Steigerung des Wassergehaltes bei Feldkapazität um 11%, bzw. 14% und 26%.
2018-12-18
bachelorThesis
doc-type:bachelorThesis
http://edoc.hu-berlin.de/18452/20404
urn:nbn:de:kobv:11-110-18452/20404-6
http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/19630
eng
(CC BY 3.0 DE) Namensnennung 3.0 Deutschland
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/de/
application/pdf
Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
oai:edoc.hu-berlin.de:18452/29532020-03-07T04:02:36Zcom_18452_49com_18452_45com_18452_5col_18452_60ddc:333.7doc-type:bookParttextPublicationprimusopen_accessddc:020ddc:330
Gebäudedokumentation zur Sicherungder Nachhaltigkeit
Bibliotheken nachhaltig planen, bauen, betreibenund dokumentieren
Witthaus, Sandra
Hauke, Petra
Latimer, Karen
Werner, Klaus
Bibliothek
Nachhaltigkeit
Ökologie
Bauwesen
020 Bibliotheks- und Informationswissenschaften
333.7 Natürliche Ressourcen, Energie, Umwelt
ddc:020
ddc:333
Der Beitrag geht der Fragestellung nach, inwiefern eine strukturierte Gebäudedokumentation zur ökologischen Nachhaltigkeit beitragen kann. Dies wird für den Bibliotheksbau beispielhaft untersucht. Eine systematische Dokumentation über den gesamten Lebenszyklus eines Gebäudes ist nicht nur eine wichtige Grundlage zur Kommunikation unter Planungsbeteiligten, sie trägt auch zur Erhaltung der nachhaltigen Qualität bei: Strukturierte Informationen für den Planungs- und Betriebsprozess werden Grundlage für ggf. spätere Umbaumaßnahmen und Modernisierungen. Nicht nur nachhaltiges Planen und Bauen, auch nachhaltiges Betreiben ist hierbei ein ausschlaggebender Faktor – dabei werden unterschiedliche Sichtweisen der HOAI (Honorarordnung für Architekten und Ingenieure) und der GEFMA (German Facility Management Association) gegenübergestellt und erläutert. Es wird aufgezeigt, wie mit Hilfe der GEFMA-Richtlinie 198-1 FM-Dokumentation eine ganzheitliche Dokumentation für eine Bibliothek eingeführt werden kann. Die Richtlinie stellt konkrete Rahmenbedingungen und Strukturen für eine lebenszyklusorientierte Dokumentation eines Gebäudes zur Verfügung und dient als Praxisleitfaden zur Ermittlung eines Vorgehensmodells und einer Datenablagestruktur. Durch den Verweis auf eine Vielzahl an bestehenden Normen und Richtlinien im Bereich der Dokumentation sowie ergänzende Hinweise stellt die Richtlinie ein umfassendes Nachschlagewerk dar. Um Nachhaltigkeit im Vorfeld zu bewerten, zeichnen Zertifikate aus Nachhaltigkeits-Zertifizierungssystemen besonders energieeffiziente und nachhaltige Gebäude aus. Bevor ein Gebäude ein Zertifikat erhält, müssen nicht nur zahlreiche Anforderungen an die Gebäudebeschaffenheit, sondern auch an die Dokumentation erfüllt werden. Grundlage hierfür ist eine lückenlose Dokumentation von Gebäudeinformationen.
The article deals with the question, how structured building documentation contributes to ecological sustainability. This will be examined in relation to library buildings. A systematic documentation, over the complete life-cycle of a building, is not only an important basis for communication for those involved in the planning process, but also for considering the preservation of a building’s sustainable quality. Structured information about the planning process and facility management could be used later for modernization and reorganization projects. On the one hand there is the planning and building process, but sustainable operation is also a deciding factor – therefore perspectives of the HOAI (Honorarordnung für Architekten und Ingenieure [Fees Tariff for Architects and Engineers] ) and GEFMA (German Facility Management Association) will be carefully considered. It will be shown how the GEFMA guideline 198-1 Facility Management Documentation can be used for a holistic documentation of library buildings. This guideline provides an exact framework and structure for a lifecycle- oriented documentation and serves as a practice guide for the determination of procedure models and a data-management structure. Because of references to a variety of existing documentation norms, guidelines and supplementary notes, this guideline can be used as a reference book. To judge sustainability, certificates from sustainability certification systems outline the particular characteristics of energy efficient and sustainable buildings. Before a building receives a certificate, not only numerous requirements must be fulfilled but also complete documentation of information on the building must be provided.
2015-10-01
bookPart
doc-type:bookPart
http://edoc.hu-berlin.de/18452/2953
urn:nbn:de:kobv:11-100232664
http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/2301
ger
http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/
application/pdf
Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Philosophische Fakultät I, Institut für Bibliotheks- und Informationswissenschaft
oai:edoc.hu-berlin.de:18452/29562020-03-07T04:02:37Zcom_18452_49com_18452_45com_18452_5col_18452_60ddc:333.7doc-type:bookParttextPublicationprimusopen_accessddc:020ddc:330
Loads of scraps become precious raw materials
The Kasetsart University Eco-Library in Bangkok, a prototypefor the next generation of sustainable buildings in Thailand
Tinarat, Sirirat
Hauke, Petra
Latimer, Karen
Werner, Klaus
Bibliothek
Nachhaltigkeit
Ökologie
Bauwesen
020 Bibliotheks- und Informationswissenschaften
333.7 Natürliche Ressourcen, Energie, Umwelt
ddc:020
ddc:333
Die Kasetsart Universität ist nicht nur wegen ihrer Agrarwissenschaften bekannt, sondern auch für ihren "Grünen Campus". Als Teil des langfristig angelegten Projekts "Kasetsart Loves the Environment" wurden im Jahr 2010 die ersten Ideen zur Gründung einer Umweltbibliothek entwickelt. Zwei Jahre später wurde die erste Umweltbibliothek Thailands als Gemeinschaftsprojekt erfolgreich fertiggestellt. Beteiligt waren die Universitätsbibliothek, die einen Ort zum Lernen für die Allgemeinheit anbieten wollte, sowie das Scrap Lab der Fakultät für Architektur, das hauptsächlich daran arbeitet, umweltfreundliche Produkte zu entwickeln. Weitere Sponsoren und Förderer sind örtliche Möbelhersteller und andere Institutionen, die ihre Fabrikabfälle regelmäßig der Scrap Lab "Fabrik" abliefern. Die Abfälle und Altstoffe werden hier zu wertvollen Werkstoffen. Hier ist nun die Kreativität der Studenten und Dozenten gefragt, um daraus neue Produkte zu entwickeln. Die Menge der Besucher und laufenden Projekte zeigt, dass die Umweltbibliothek keine oberflächliche Idee ist, die auftaucht, eine Weile besteht und wieder in der Versenkung verschwindet. Ganz im Gegenteil. Die Umweltbibliothek wächst weiter und unterstützt die Hauptbibliothek, die aktiv am BEAT 2010 – Building Energy Award of Thailand teilgenommen hat. Beide Bibliotheken streben weiter voran und verfolgen ihre grünen Konzepte, um die Strategie der Universität – den Umweltschutz – zu stärken.
Being famous for Agricultural Science, Kasetsart University is commonly known as "Green Campus". As a part of the long-term project "Kasetsart Loves the Environment", the idea for founding an eco-library was introduced in 2010. Two years later, the first Eco-Library of Thailand was successfully completed thanks to teamwork from two departments: the office of the University Library, which wants to provide a learning area that is open to the general public, and the Scrap Lab of the Architecture Faculty, which mainly works on developing ecofriendly products. Further sponsors are local furniture manufacturers and other institutions who regularly deliver their offcuts to the Scrap Lab "Factory". Here, loads of scraps become precious "raw materials", challenging the instructors and students to spark their creativity for new product design. The number of visitors and on-going projects indicate that the Eco-Library is not a superficial idea that pops up, lasts for a while and then fades away. Rather, it is growing and supporting the main library, which is actively participating in the BEAT 2010 – Building Energy Award of Thailand. Both organizations are moving forward, following their green concepts to strengthen the policy of the university – environmentalism.
2015-10-01
bookPart
doc-type:bookPart
http://edoc.hu-berlin.de/18452/2956
urn:nbn:de:kobv:11-100232696
http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/2304
eng
http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/
application/pdf
Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Philosophische Fakultät I, Institut für Bibliotheks- und Informationswissenschaft
oai:edoc.hu-berlin.de:18452/240122023-10-31T04:00:10Zcom_18452_25col_18452_26ddc:333.7doc-type:articlestatus-type:publishedVersiontextPublicationprimusopen_accessddc:690ddc:330
State of the Art and Latest Advances in Exploring Business Models for Nature-Based Solutions
Mayor, Beatriz
Toxopeus, Helen
McQuaid, Siobhan
Croci, Edoardo
Lucchitta, Benedetta
Reddy, Suhana E.
Egusquiza, Aitziber
Altamirano, Monica A.
Trumbic, Tamara
Tuerk, Andreas
García, Gemma
Feliu, Efrén
Malandrino, Cosima
Schante, Joanne
Jensen, Anne
López Gunn, Elena
sustainable business models
nature-based solutions
urban planning
NBS implementation
333.7 Landflächen, Naturräume für Freizeit und Erholung, Naturreservate, Energie
690 Bau von Gebäuden
ddc:333
ddc:690
Nature-based solutions (NBS) offer multiple solutions to urban challenges simultaneously, but realising funding for NBS remains a challenge. When the concept of NBS for societal challenges was first defined by the EC in 2017, financing was recognised as one of the major challenges to its mainstreaming. The complexity of NBS finance has its origin in the multiple benefits/stakeholders involved, which obscures the argument for both public and private sector investment. Since 2017, subsequent waves of EU research- and innovation-funded projects have substantially contributed to the knowledge base of funding and business models for NBS, particularly in the urban context. Collaborating and sharing knowledge through an EU Task Force, this first set of EU projects laid important knowledge foundations, reviewing existing literature, and compiling empirical evidence of different financing approaches and the business models that underpinned them. The second set of EU innovation actions advanced this knowledge base, developing and testing new implementation models, business model tools, and approaches. This paper presents the findings of these projects from a business model perspective to improve our understanding of the value propositions of NBS to support their mainstreaming.
European Commission
Peer Reviewed
2021-07-02
article
doc-type:article
publishedVersion
http://edoc.hu-berlin.de/18452/24012
urn:nbn:de:kobv:11-110-18452/24012-9
10.3390/su13137413
http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/23361
2071-1050
eng
(CC BY 4.0) Attribution 4.0 International
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
application/pdf
Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
oai:edoc.hu-berlin.de:18452/276732023-07-20T01:00:22Zcom_18452_25col_18452_26ddc:333.7doc-type:articlestatus-type:publishedVersiontextPublicationprimusopen_accessddc:330
Patterns of Inequalities in Digital Agriculture: A Systematic Literature Review
Hackfort, Sarah
digital agriculture
inequalities
power
data sovereignty
political economy
systematic literature review
333.7 Landflächen, Naturräume für Freizeit und Erholung, Naturreservate, Energie
ddc:333
Digitalization of agriculture is often hailed as the next agricultural revolution. However, little is yet known about its social impacts and power effects. This review addresses this research gap by analyzing patterns of inequality linked to the development and adoption of digital technologies in agriculture and reviewing the strategies developed to reduce these inequalities and challenge the power relations in which they are embedded. Analysis of 84 publications found through a systematic literature review identified five patterns of inequality: (1) in digital technology development; (2) in the distribution of benefits from the use of digital technologies; (3) in sovereignty over data, hardware and digital infrastructure; (4) in skills and knowledge (‘digital literacy’); and (5) in problem definition and problem-solving capacities. This review also highlights the existence of emancipatory initiatives that are applying digital technologies to challenge existing inequalities and to advance alternative visions of agriculture. These initiatives underscore the political nature of digital agriculture; however, their reach is still quite limited. This is partly due to the fact that existing inequalities are structural and represent expressions of corporate power. From such a perspective, digitalization in agriculture is not a ‘revolution’ per se; rather, digital technologies mirror and reproduce existing power relations.
Peer Reviewed
2021-11-09
article
doc-type:article
publishedVersion
http://edoc.hu-berlin.de/18452/27673
urn:nbn:de:kobv:11-110-18452/27673-0
http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/26984
2071-1050
10.3390/su132212345
eng
(CC BY 4.0) Attribution 4.0 International
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
application/pdf
Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
oai:edoc.hu-berlin.de:18452/245192023-10-31T04:00:19Zcom_18452_25col_18452_26ddc:333.7doc-type:articlestatus-type:publishedVersiontextPublicationprimusopen_accessddc:330
Development of Biorefineries in the Bioeconomy: A Fuzzy-Set Qualitative Comparative Analysis among European Countries
Ding, Zhengqiu
Grundmann, Philipp
bioeconomy development
biorefineries
transition framework
configurations of conditions
fuzzy-set
qualitative comparative analysis
333.7 Landflächen, Naturräume für Freizeit und Erholung, Naturreservate, Energie
ddc:333
This study aims to identify the configurational conditions that characterize the establishment of biorefineries in 20 European countries. After determining the conditions which support a bioeconomy transition, secondary data from national sources are used to represent their existing conditions within respective countries. Then, a fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis is employed to compare and contrast the effect of varying combinations of the selected conditions on the development of biorefineries. The conditions chosen include coherent bioeconomy strategies, network intensity of regional bioclusters, intellectual capital, and natural resource availability. Our results reveal that the configuration of a coherent bioeconomy strategy, sizable public spending on R&D, abundant biomass supply, and a high level of network intensity is sufficient to explain the pronounced biorefineries development among some European countries. We recommend that countries with fragmented approaches review and redesign the policy and regulatory framework to create a holistic and consistent bioeconomy strategy, taking into account the configurations of conditions as an important prerequisite. In particular, factors such as the lack of best practice examples, the low level of public spending on research and development, the economic capacities for a skilled workforce in addition to the sustainable supply of raw materials should be addressed as focal points.
Peer Reviewed
2021-12-22
article
doc-type:article
publishedVersion
http://edoc.hu-berlin.de/18452/24519
urn:nbn:de:kobv:11-110-18452/24519-1
10.3390/su14010090
http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/23858
2071-1050
eng
(CC BY 4.0) Attribution 4.0 International
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
application/pdf
Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
oai:edoc.hu-berlin.de:18452/142472023-10-31T04:00:21Zcom_18452_25col_18452_26ddc:370ddc:333.7ddc:910textPublicationprimusopen_accessddc:914.3ddc:570ddc:330doc-type:book
Moor-Pädagogik imBiosphärenreservat Schorfheide-Chorin
Leitfaden
Nusko, Nadine
Foos, Eva
Aenis, Thomas
Zeitz, Jutta
Bildung für eine nachhaltige Entwicklung
Biosphärenreservat Schorfheide-Chorin
Moorschutz
570 Biologie
370 Bildung und Erziehung
914.3 Landeskunde Deutschlands
333.7 Natürliche Ressourcen, Energie, Umwelt
ddc:570
ddc:370
ddc:914
ddc:333
Der Leitfaden beschreibt mehrere Bildungsprogramme – den Moorpfad, einen Projekttag, eine dazugehörige Regenvariante und Projektwochen – an zwei Standorten: dem Diebelseemoor bzw. der Europäischen Jugenderholungs- und Begegnungsstätte (EJB Werbellinsee GmbH) und dem NABU-Informationszentrum Blumberger Mühle. Er richtet sich an all diejenigen UmweltbildnerInnen, LehrerInnen und JugendleiterInnen, die Kinder und Jugendliche im Sinne einer Bildung für nachhaltige Entwicklung für die Moorthematik begeistern wollen. Die Programme basieren auf dem Grundkonzept des Materialbandes „27 Bildungsmodule zum Thema Moor“.
Peer Reviewed
2008-01-01
book
doc-type:book
http://edoc.hu-berlin.de/18452/14247
urn:nbn:de:kobv:11-100221852
http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/13595
ger
http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/
application/pdf
Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Lebenswissenschaftliche Fakultät
oai:edoc.hu-berlin.de:18452/37872020-03-07T04:03:28Zcom_18452_77com_18452_45com_18452_5col_18452_78ddc:333.7textPublicationprimusopen_accessddc:330doc-type:workingPaper
My m² Earth. A collaborative photo project on global change
THESys, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin IRI
Nielsen, Jonas
photography
environmental change
earth
333.7 Natürliche Ressourcen, Energie, Umwelt
ddc:333
The participatory photo project My m² Earth was designed to be an online gallery visualizing localized aspects of global change. Between October 2015 and March 2016, 78 pictures taken by 53 separate photographers were uploaded to the gallery, all of the pictures demonstrating the diversity of global social, economic and environmental change, as well as the visibility of some of the most pressing issues on Earth. The project was initiated by the Integrative Research Institute on Transformations of Human-Environment Systems (IRI THESys) at the Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin in cooperation with the German Committee Future Earth.
2016-12-05
workingPaper
doc-type:workingPaper
http://edoc.hu-berlin.de/18452/3787
urn:nbn:de:kobv:11-100242439
http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/3135
2896709-4
eng
http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/
application/pdf
Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, IRI THESys
oai:edoc.hu-berlin.de:18452/37882023-10-31T04:00:21Zcom_18452_77com_18452_45com_18452_5col_18452_78ddc:333.7textPublicationprimusopen_accessddc:330doc-type:workingPaper
The position of scientists in transformations of human-environment systems. An inquiry into IRI THESys research practices
Otero, Iago
Niewöhner, Jörg
Krueger, Tobias
Dogmus, Özge Can
Himmelreich, Johannes
Sichau, Clara
Hostert, Patrick
Nielsen, Jonas
transformation
sustainability
human-environment system
positionality
IRI THESys
333.7 Natürliche Ressourcen, Energie, Umwelt
ddc:333
Transformation is a multi-faceted concept with various meanings and assumptions about desired human-environment relationships and pathways towards the ideal (sustainable) society. We need a better understanding of the different positions that scientists assume when conducting research and becoming involved in transformations of human-environment systems. In this paper we begin such an analysis by exploring how researchers at the Humboldt-Universität’s Integrative Research Institute on Transformations of Human-Environment Systems (IRI THESys) position themselves within that research. Empirical work was conducted in three steps. First, a survey was carried out among the institute’s academic staff to explore the influence of ideology, their involvement in processes outside academia, the ways in which their research relates to transformations of human-environment systems, and the type of science that gives them more recognition in their peer groups or institutions. Second, the findings from the survey were used as a basis for six semi-structured interviews with a sample of respondents to further investigate the heterogeneity of positions in the institute’s research on transformations. Third, the co-authors of the paper – all of them IRI THESys staff – were asked to compare the overall findings with the notion that their scientific community has on the role of scientists in transformations of human-environment systems. In the results we systemize IRI THESys’ scientists’ positions and use them to critically reflect on the complex relationships between science and human-environment transformation. Based on our findings, we conclude that IRI THESys is a very heterogeneous epistemic environment, whose strength lies in its ability to keep people with diverse specialisations and convictions in dialogue with each other. Accountability towards different communities (scientific and beyond) and the humility of knowledge practices before the complexity of human-environment systems in transformation is key to positioning the IRI THESys in transformation research.
2017-03-22
workingPaper
doc-type:workingPaper
http://edoc.hu-berlin.de/18452/3788
urn:nbn:de:kobv:11-100245214
http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/3136
2896709-4
ger
http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/
application/pdf
Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, IRI THESys
oai:edoc.hu-berlin.de:18452/230862023-10-31T04:00:22Zcom_18452_25col_18452_26ddc:333.7doc-type:articlestatus-type:publishedVersiontextPublicationprimusopen_accessddc:330
Microplastics Effects on Reproduction and Body Length of the Soil-Dwelling Nematode Caenorhabditis elegans
Schöpfer, Lion
Menzel, Ralph
Schnepf, Uwe
Ruess, Liliane
Marhan, Sven
Brümmer, Franz
Pagel, Holger
Kandeler, Ellen
plastic residues
Nematoda
ingestion
low-density polyethylene
polylactide
poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate)
333.7 Natürliche Resourcen, Energie und Umwelt
ddc:333
Microplastics (MP) are pervasive in the environment. There is ample evidence of negative MP effects on biota in aquatic ecosystems, though little is known about MP effects in terrestrial ecosystems. Given numerous entry routes of MP into soils, soil organisms are likely to be exposed to MP. We compared potential toxicological effects of MP from (i) low-density polyethylene (LDPE) (mean diameter ± standard deviation: 57 ± 40 μm) and (ii) a blend of biodegradable polymers polylactide (PLA) and poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT) (40 ± 31 μm) on the reproduction and body length of the soil-dwelling bacterivorous nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. Feed suspensions without (control) or with MP (treatments) at concentrations of 1, 10, and 100 mg MP L–1 were prepared and nematodes were exposed to those suspensions on agar plates until completion of their reproductive phase (∼6 days). Using Nile red-stained PLA/PBAT MP particles and fluorescence microscopy, we demonstrated the ingestion of MP by C. elegans into pharynges and intestines. Under MP exposure, nematodes had fewer offspring (up to 22.9%) compared to nematodes in the control group. This decline was independent on the plastic type. We detected a tendency toward greater decreases in offspring at higher concentrations. Despite hints of negative effects on nematode body length under MP exposure, we could not derive a consistent pattern. We conclude that in MP-contaminated soils, the reproduction of nematodes, central actors in the soil food web, can be affected, with potentially negative implications for key soil functions, e.g., the regulation of soil biogeochemical cycles.
Peer Reviewed
2020-04-09
article
doc-type:article
publishedVersion
http://edoc.hu-berlin.de/18452/23086
urn:nbn:de:kobv:11-110-18452/23086-8
10.3389/fenvs.2020.00041
http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/22474
2296-665X
eng
(CC BY 4.0) Attribution 4.0 International
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
application/pdf
Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
oai:edoc.hu-berlin.de:18452/212282020-03-07T05:04:08Zcom_18452_25col_18452_26ddc:333.7doc-type:articlestatus-type:publishedVersiontextPublicationprimusopen_accessddc:690ddc:330
A Thought Experiment on Sustainable Management of the Earth System
Heitzig, Jobst
Barfuss, Wolfram
Donges, Jonathan
decision dilemma
intergenerational welfare
time horizon
risk attitude
inequality aversion
fairness
responsibility
sustainability paradigms
333.7 Natürliche Resourcen, Energie und Umwelt
690 Bau von Gebäuden
ddc:333
ddc:690
We introduce and analyze a simple formal thought experiment designed to reflect a qualitative decision dilemma humanity might currently face in view of anthropogenic climate change. In this exercise, each generation can choose between two options, either setting humanity on a pathway to certain high wellbeing after one generation of suffering, or leaving the next generation in the same state as the current one with the same options, but facing a continuous risk of permanent collapse. We analyze this abstract setup regarding the question of what the right choice would be both in a rationality-based framework including optimal control, welfare economics, and game theory, and by means of other approaches based on the notions of responsibility, safe operating spaces, and sustainability paradigms. Across these different approaches, we confirm the intuition that a focus on the long-term future makes the first option more attractive while a focus on equality across generations favors the second. Despite this, we generally find a large diversity and disagreement of assessments both between and within these different approaches, suggesting a strong dependence on the choice of the normative framework used. This implies that policy measures selected to achieve targets such as the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals can depend strongly on the normative framework applied and specific care needs to be taken with regard to the choice of such frameworks.
Peer Reviewed
2018-06-11
article
doc-type:article
publishedVersion
http://edoc.hu-berlin.de/18452/21228
urn:nbn:de:kobv:11-110-18452/21228-5
10.3390/su10061947
http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/20461
2071-1050
eng
(CC BY 4.0) Attribution 4.0 International
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
application/pdf
Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
oai:edoc.hu-berlin.de:18452/239742024-03-15T11:47:02Zcom_18452_25col_18452_26ddc:333.7doc-type:articlestatus-type:publishedVersiontextPublicationprimusopen_accessddc:690ddc:330
Mapping Environmental/Sustainable Governance Research in Chile: A Bibliometric and Network Analysis
Vanhulst, Julien
Beling, Adrian E.
bibliometric analysis
social network analysis
environmental/sustainable governance
scientific knowledge
critical sustainability studies
333.7 Landflächen, Naturräume für Freizeit und Erholung, Naturreservate, Energie
690 Bau von Gebäuden
ddc:333
ddc:690
In light of increasing concerns about the efficacy of environmental governance (EG) to address the global sustainability challenges of the Anthropocene era, more integrative, transversal, and far-reaching approaches, referred to here as sustainability governance (SG), are gaining ground both in governance praxis and in research. Empirical and methodological challenges emerge from this conceptual analytical cleavage between EG and SG. Through a combination of bibliometric and network analysis, the objective of this article is to explore the structure and trends in the field of EG/SG research in Chile, internationally regarded as the posterchild of Latin-American EG/SG, and derive empirical insights to feed the analytical distinction between EG and SG that informs global debates about ways forward towards an effective governance in the Anthropocene. Our results show that scientific research on EG/SG has experienced a significant increase since the 1990s. We find that while the topical range of the field is broad, including water governance, biodiversity conservation, environmental institutions, climate change and energy issues, and environmental conflicts and justice, key cross-cutting socio-economic and cultural dynamics underpinning the prevalent, yet fundamentally unsustainable, ways of life and economic model are virtually absent from the field, against their growing presence in diagnoses of “sustained unsustainability”.
Fondo Nacional de Desarrollo Científico y Tecnológico
Peer Reviewed
2021-06-07
article
doc-type:article
publishedVersion
http://edoc.hu-berlin.de/18452/23974
urn:nbn:de:kobv:11-110-18452/23974-6
http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/23327
2071-1050
10.3390/su13116484
eng
(CC BY 4.0) Attribution 4.0 International
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
application/pdf
Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
oai:edoc.hu-berlin.de:18452/238682023-10-31T04:00:26Zcom_18452_25col_18452_26ddc:333.7doc-type:articlestatus-type:publishedVersiontextPublicationprimusopen_accessddc:330
Payments for ecosystem services: a review of definitions, the role of spatial scales, and critique
Kaiser, Josef
Haase, Dagmar
Krüger, Tobias
collective action
critique of PES
environmental governance
neoliberal conservation
payments for ecosystem services
PES definition
spatial scales
333.7 Landflächen, Naturräume für Freizeit und Erholung, Naturreservate, Energie
ddc:333
This article was supported by the German Research Foundation (DFG) and the Open Access Publication Fund of Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin.
The economic conservation instrument of payments for ecosystem services (PES) enjoys an increasing popularity among scientists, politicians, and civil society organizations alike, while others raise concerns regarding the ecological effectiveness and social justice of this instrument. In this review article, we showcase the variety of existing PES definitions and systematically locate these definitions in the range between Coasean conceptualizations, which describe PES as conditional and voluntary private negotiations between ES providers and ES beneficiaries, and much broader Pigouvian PES understandings that also assign government-funded and involuntary schemes to the PES approach. It turns out that the scale at which PES operate, having so far received very little attention in the literature, as well as critique of PES must be considered in the context of the diversity of definitions to ensure the comparability between studies researching PES programs. Future research should better target linkages between global, regional, and local scales for the development of PES programs, while taking local collective governance systems for a sustainable use of resources into account more seriously.
Peer Reviewed
2021
article
doc-type:article
publishedVersion
http://edoc.hu-berlin.de/18452/23868
urn:nbn:de:kobv:11-110-18452/23868-3
http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/23251
1708-3087
10.5751/ES-12307-260212
eng
(CC BY-NC 4.0) Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
application/pdf
Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
oai:edoc.hu-berlin.de:18452/216352023-10-31T04:00:28Zcom_18452_25col_18452_26ddc:333.7doc-type:articlestatus-type:publishedVersiontextPublicationprimusopen_accessddc:690ddc:330
Community-Based Governance and Sustainability in the Paraguayan Pantanal
Eufemia, Luca
Schlindwein, Izabela
Bonatti, Michelle
Bayer, Sabeth Tara
Sieber, Stefan
community-based governance
indigenous rights
Paraguayan Pantanal
identity
community-based natural resources management
333.7 Natürliche Resourcen, Energie und Umwelt
690 Bau von Gebäuden
ddc:333
ddc:690
Themegadiverse biome of the Paraguayan Pantanal is in danger due to the expansion of cattle ranching and agricultural frontiers that threaten not only the fragile equilibrium of natural resources, but also that of local governance and cultural identities. As a consequence,weak governance stresses the relations between natural resource-dependent communities, generating socio-environmental conflicts. This perception study seeks to find community-based governance models for sustainability in the context of Paraguayanwetlands. According to the organizational principles of community-based natural resource management (CBNRM), we applied qualitative approaches with the use of the Governance Analytical Framework (GAF) to identify problems and social norms. Our findings suggest that the Yshiro indigenous self-organized group (Unión de las Comunidades Indígenas de la Nación Yshiro (UCINY)) can be considered as a model for community-based governance. Besides, we discovered that this specific governancemodel is highly threatened by the impact of the national neo-extractive economy.
Peer Reviewed
2019-09-20
article
doc-type:article
publishedVersion
http://edoc.hu-berlin.de/18452/21635
urn:nbn:de:kobv:11-110-18452/21635-6
10.3390/su11195158
http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/20920
2071-1050
eng
(CC BY 4.0) Attribution 4.0 International
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
application/pdf
Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
oai:edoc.hu-berlin.de:18452/212372020-03-07T05:04:47Zcom_18452_25col_18452_26ddc:333.7doc-type:articlestatus-type:publishedVersiontextPublicationprimusopen_accessddc:330ddc:630
Determinants of Smallholders’ Market Preferences: The Case of Sustainable Certified Coffee Farmers in Vietnam
Hung Anh, Nguyen
Bokelmann, Wolfgang
market preference
transaction cost
seemingly unrelated regression
333.7 Natürliche Resourcen, Energie und Umwelt
630 Landwirtschaft und verwandte Bereiche
ddc:333
ddc:630
This article was supported by the German Research Foundation (DFG) and the Open Access Publication Fund of Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin.
This study attempts to analyze the market preference of coffee farmers in Vietnam. Using the transaction cost approach, a seemingly unrelated regression (SUR) model was developed based on the sales volume in different markets, transaction cost attributes, socioeconomic factors, and behavioral aspects of sustainable certified coffee farmers. Factors that significantly influence farmers’ market preference include several transaction cost attributes (price uncertainty, market competition, transportation cost, speed of payment, and sale volume agreement) and characteristics of coffee farmers (age, ethnic, farming experience, location, and certificate ownership). Repeated economic transaction embedded in the social relationship indicates the largest sales volume of coffee farmers to the market of buying agents and the existence of local traders. There is a belief that formal institution brings better market access for coffee farmers, but main issues are regarding opportunistic behavior, imperfect market knowledge, traditional farming habits, and contract noncompliance, which have resulted in a lower preference for the market of processors/exporters.
Peer Reviewed
2019-05-22
article
doc-type:article
publishedVersion
http://edoc.hu-berlin.de/18452/21237
urn:nbn:de:kobv:11-110-18452/21237-5
10.3390/su11102897
http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/20471
2071-1050
eng
(CC BY 4.0) Attribution 4.0 International
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
application/pdf
Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
oai:edoc.hu-berlin.de:18452/206342020-03-07T05:01:36Zcom_18452_1col_18452_2ddc:333.7textPublicationopen_accessdoc-type:doctoralThesisddc:330
Inequality and the Value of Nature
An Economic Analysis
Meya, Jasper Nikolaus
Eisenack, Klaus
Baumgärtner, Stefan
Czajkowski, Mikołaj
Umweltökonomie
Naturschutz
Ungleichheit
Naturbewertung
Volkswirtschaftslehre
environmental economics
nature conservation
inequality
valuation
economics
333.7 Natürliche Resourcen, Energie und Umwelt
330 Wirtschaft
QT 200
ZB 60200
ddc:333
ddc:330
Diese wirtschaftswissenschaftliche Doktorarbeit bündelt sieben Forschungsarbeiten zur Ökonomie des Natur- und Umweltschutzes. Dabei untersuche ich, wie der ökonomische Wert, den die Gesellschaft der Natur beimisst, von der Verteilung des Einkommens oder der Ausstattung mit Umweltgütern, innerhalb oder über Generationen hinweg, abhängt. Dazu werden drei neue umweltökonomische Modelle zum Einfluss der Verteilung auf die aggregierte Zahlungsbereitschaft für den Erhalt reiner öffentliche Umweltgüter, lokaler Umweltgüter oder Naturkapital entworfen. Es zeigt sich, dass für viele Umweltgüter der ökonomische Wert umso größer ist, je gleichmäßiger das Einkommen oder die Ausstattung mit dem Umweltgut verteilt sind. Auf dieser Grundlage werden modellgestützte Methoden zur Berücksichtigung von Verteilungsaspekten in ökonomischen Analysen von Projekten und Politiken mit Umweltauswirkungen entwickelt. Insbesondere werden Korrekturfaktoren hergeleitet, mit denen ökonomische Naturbewertungen hinsichtlich einer gesellschaftlichen Zielverteilung angepasst und gesellschaftliche Zahlungsbereitschaften geschätzt werden können. Anhand einer Reihe von Anwendungsbeispielen -- zum globalen Biodiversitätsschutz, Walderhaltung in Polen oder einer Wasserqualitätsverbesserung in der Ostsee -- werden die Ungleichheitskorrekturen beziffert und empirisch getestet. Schließlich weist eine Fallstudie für das Weserästuar nach, dass eine Berücksichtigung von Umweltfolgen die Ergebnisse von Kosten-Nutzen-Analysen in der Verkehrswegeplanung erheblich verändern kann. Insgesamt zeigt diese Dissertation, dass die Verteilung von wirtschaftlichen und natürlichen Ressourcen innerhalb und zwischen Generationen den ökonomischen Wert, den die Gesellschaft der Natur beimisst, wesentlich beeinflusst. Sie trägt damit zur Entwicklung volkswirtschaftlicher Methoden bei, die nicht nur auf Effizienz, sondern auch auf Gerechtigkeit und Verteilung zielen, und damit dem Leitbild einer nachhaltigen Entwicklung folgen.
This doctoral thesis presents seven research papers in environmental and resource economics. I study how the economic value that society attaches to nature depends on the distribution of income or the provision of environmental goods, within or across generations. To this end, three novel environmental economic models are developed on how the distribution affects aggregated willingness to pay for pure public environmental goods, local environmental goods or natural capital. The analyses show that for many environmental goods the economic value is the higher the more equal incomes or environmental good endowment are distributed. For practical applications theory-based adjustment factors are derived. These allow to estimate societal willingness to pays from secondary data or to conduct inequality-adjustments in cost-benefit analysis. In a series of applications -- to global biodiversity conservation, forest protection in Poland or water quality improvement in the Baltic Sea -- inequality adjustments are quantified and empirically tested. Turning to international environmental agreements, a simulation study shows that uncertainties about the regional distribution of climate change damages can increase the stability of climate coalitions if transfer schemes are implemented. Finally, a case study on the deepening of the Weser estuary highlights that accounting for environmental costs can substantially change the results of cost-benefit analyses in transportation infrastructure planning. Overall, this dissertation shows that the distribution of economic and natural resources within and across generations substantially affects the economic value that society attaches to nature. I thus contribute to the development of economic methods that aim not only at efficiency, but also at equity and distribution, and thus follow the vision of a sustainable development.
2019-04-03
doctoralThesis
doc-type:doctoralThesis
http://edoc.hu-berlin.de/18452/20634
urn:nbn:de:kobv:11-110-18452/20634-4
http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/19836
eng
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolecon.2018.03.029
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jeem.2017.04.005
https://doi.org/10.1080/09640568.2016.1151405
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10784-017-9378-5
http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/
application/pdf
Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
oai:edoc.hu-berlin.de:18452/215062023-10-31T04:00:29Zcom_18452_25col_18452_26ddc:333.7doc-type:articlestatus-type:publishedVersiontextPublicationprimusopen_accessddc:330
Reducing Edible Oil Import Dependency in Tanzania
A Computable General Equilibrium CGE Approach
Mgeni, Charles Peter
Müller, Klaus
Sieber, Stefan
production
technological progress
edible oilseeds
CGE
Tanzania
333.7 Natürliche Resourcen, Energie und Umwelt
ddc:333
Reducing food imports and promoting domestically produced food commodities are long-standing goals for policymakers and other stakeholders in sub-Saharan African countries. For instance, Tanzania, after a long period of dependency on imported food commodities, such as sugar and edible oils, intends to meet its demand for these commodities through domestic production by transforming its agriculture sector to achieve this goal. Applying a general computable equilibrium (CGE) model, this study determines the multiplier effects of technological progress that is assumed to foster domestic edible oilseed crop production, other crops, and Tanzania’s economy in general. Findings from the model establish an increase in domestic production not only for the edible oilseed crops but also for other commodities from other sectors of the economy. In addition, there is a decrease in prices on domestically produced commodities sold in the domestic market, and an increase in disposable income is predicted for all rural and urban households, as well as government revenues. Based on model results, we recommend that the Tanzanian government invests in technological progress and interventions that increase production in sectors such as agriculture, where it has a comparative advantage. Interventions that increase smallholder farmer’s production, such as the use of improved seed and other modern technologies that reduce costs of production, are critical for reducing food imports and improving food security.
Peer Reviewed
2019-08-19
article
doc-type:article
publishedVersion
http://edoc.hu-berlin.de/18452/21506
urn:nbn:de:kobv:11-110-18452/21506-9
http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/20770
2071-1050
10.3390/su11164480
eng
(CC BY 4.0) Attribution 4.0 International
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
application/pdf
Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
oai:edoc.hu-berlin.de:18452/221102020-04-29T01:05:47Zcom_18452_77com_18452_45com_18452_5col_18452_78ddc:333.7textPublicationprimusopen_accessddc:330doc-type:workingPaper
WRRL-Umsetzungshürden: Unpassierbar oder durchgängig für Maßnahmenträger?
Schröder, Nadine Jenny Shirin
Chaudhary, Nikhil
EU Wasserrahmenrichtlinie
WRRL
Politik-Implementierung
Umsetzungshürden
Umsetzungsstrategien
Deutschland
Sachsen-Anhalt
Comic
333.7 Natürliche Resourcen, Energie und Umwelt
ddc:333
Die EU Wasserrahmenrichtlinie (WRRL) wird eine Richtlinie der neuen Generation genannt, da sie flexibel gehalten wurde, um institutionelle ‘Misfits’ während der Implementierung zu vermeiden. Nichtsdestotrotz, 20 Jahre nach Inkrafttreten der WRRL sind die Mitgliedsstaaten noch weit vom Erreichen ihrer ambitionierten Ziele, dem guten (ökologischen und chemischen) Zustand in allen europäischen Gewässern, entfernt.
Es kann etliche ökologische Gründe geben, warum ein Zeithorizont von 15 bis 27 Jahren zu kurz bemessen ist, um 500 Jahre anthropogener Einflüsse rückgängig zu machen. Allerdings hat an manchen Orten nicht einmal die Maßnahmenumsetzung begonnen, verzögert sich, oder die Maßnahmen reichen nicht aus, um die WRRL-Ziele zu erreichen. Gründe dafür können in
den nationalen und lokalen Governance-Strukturen und Prozessen gefunden werden. Dieser Comic visualisiert Hürden für die WRRL-Umsetzung auf der lokalen Ebene in Deutschland. WRRL-Maßnahmenträger wurden gefragt, wie sie WRRL-Maßnahmen umsetzen und vor welchen Hürden sie stehen oder welche Konflikte sie wahrnehmen. Die deutschen Bundesländer
werden durch verschiedene Konstellationen von Entscheidungsträgern der Wasserwirtschaft mit WRRL-Bezug charakterisiert: darunter Wasserbehörden, Behörden mit steuernden oder unterstützenden Aufgaben im Wassermanagement, Gewässerunterhaltungsverbände und -betriebe, Wasser- und Bodenverbände, Naturschutzbehörden, Naturschutzverbände,
Unternehmen und andere staatliche und nicht-staatliche Akteure. Die Länder unterscheiden sich in ihren institutionellen Rahmenbedingungen, bezüglich der in Entscheidungen involvierten Ebenen und den Arten ökologisch-administrativer Grenzen, denen sie begegnen. Lokale Maßnahmenträger teilen bestimmte Arten von Umsetzungshürden, wenn auch die Details
variieren. Diese Umsetzungshürden sind Motivation, finanzielle und personelle Ressourcen, Landressourcen und institutionelle Zielkonflikte. Die Ergebnisse hier spiegeln weniger den einzelnen Fall wider, der zur Illustration der Hürden herangezogen wurde, als die Summe
aller analysierten lokalen Akteure, die WRRL-Maßnahmen umsetzen. Diese begegnen den dargestellten Hürden in unterschiedlichem Ausmaß. Manche dieser Hürden werden von den Ländern mit unterschiedlichen Strategien adressiert. Daten für diese Analyse wurden durch 66 semi-strukturierte Interviews mit Behörden und Maßnahmenträgern aller Ebenen sowie nicht-staatlichen Akteuren in sechs Bundesländern
gewonnen – Hessen, Niedersachsen, Sachsen, Sachsen-Anhalt, Thüringen und Nordrhein- Westfalen – und durch die Auswertung von Politikdokumenten und offiziellen Webseiten ergänzt.
2020-01
workingPaper
doc-type:workingPaper
http://edoc.hu-berlin.de/18452/22110
urn:nbn:de:kobv:11-110-18452/22110-2
http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/21268
2566-5561
2896709-4
ger
http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/
application/pdf
Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
oai:edoc.hu-berlin.de:18452/212642023-10-31T04:00:35Zcom_18452_25col_18452_26ddc:333.7doc-type:articlestatus-type:publishedVersiontextPublicationprimusopen_accessddc:690ddc:330
Sustainable Community Gardens Require Social Engagement and Training: A Users’ Needs Analysis in Europe
Ochoa, Jesus
Sanyé-Mengual, Esther
Specht, Kathrin
Fernández, Juan A.
Bañón, Sebastián
Orsini, Francesco
Magrefi, Francesca
BAZZOCCHI, Giovanni Giorgio
Halder, Severin
Martens, Doerte
Kappel, Noemi
PROSDOCIMI GIANQUINTO, GIORGIO
urban agriculture
community gardening
training
community building
urban planning
knowledge
lifelong learning
333.7 Natürliche Resourcen, Energie und Umwelt
690 Bau von Gebäuden
ddc:333
ddc:690
Urban gardens are spreading in many cities across Europe, with community gardening being a fundamental form of urban agriculture. While the literature reveals the essential role that community gardens can play in terms of learning and education, no studies have investigated the training needs for participants in community gardens to ensure their successful development. The goal of this article is to evaluate the training requirements of urban community gardens to ensure their successful implementation and their contribution to sustainability in European cities. Two questionnaires of users’ needs analysis were designed and implemented in Berlin, Bologna, Budapest, and Cartagena. The results unveiled the need to re-enforce the training in the formation and community building phases of community gardens towards ensuring the creation of an engaged gardening community to maintain activity, particularly for top-down activities (e.g., research-related gardens). Users claimed their need for being trained on crop management skills (e.g., maintenance, bed preparation, organic practices) and on communication skills to further disseminate their activity, thereby increasing the potential for citizen engagement. Such requirements could be overcome with the creation of urban gardens networks, where experiences and knowledge are shared among practitioners. Policy recommendations are provided based on the outputs of this study.
Peer Reviewed
2019-07-23
article
doc-type:article
publishedVersion
http://edoc.hu-berlin.de/18452/21264
urn:nbn:de:kobv:11-110-18452/21264-4
10.3390/su11143978
http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/20505
2071-1050
eng
(CC BY 4.0) Attribution 4.0 International
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
application/pdf
Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
oai:edoc.hu-berlin.de:18452/38892020-03-07T04:03:41Zcom_18452_79com_18452_45com_18452_5col_18452_82ddc:333.7textPublicationprimusopen_accessddc:330doc-type:book
The market power of OPEC
Implications for the world market price of oil
Zietlow, Kim J
OPEC
oil price determinants
Hotelling rule
market power
333.7 Natürliche Ressourcen, Energie, Umwelt
ddc:333
This paper analytically addresses the question, to which degree the market power of OPEC is the key reason for the world market price of crude oil to exceed marginal extraction costs. Describing the various determinants of both extraction costs and the oil price constitutes the basis for an in-depth discussion on the relative impact of these variables. We argue that despite OPEC’s significant market power, other forces such as steadily increasing global demand, temporary supply constraints, or a growing importance of resource pragmatism and nationalism play a much greater role than OPEC’s market power.
2015-01-19
book
doc-type:book
http://edoc.hu-berlin.de/18452/3889
urn:nbn:de:kobv:11-100225681
http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/3237
2942080-5
ger
http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/
application/pdf
Albrecht Daniel Thaer-Institut für Agrar- und Gartenbauwissenschaften
oai:edoc.hu-berlin.de:18452/29482020-03-07T04:02:36Zcom_18452_49com_18452_45com_18452_5col_18452_60ddc:333.7doc-type:bookParttextPublicationprimusopen_accessddc:020ddc:330
The impact of standardization on responsible library design
Rereading ISO/TR 11219:2012 from a sustainability perspective
Eigenbrodt, Olaf
Hauke, Petra
Latimer, Karen
Werner, Klaus
Bibliothek
Nachhaltigkeit
Ökologie
Bauwesen
020 Bibliotheks- und Informationswissenschaften
333.7 Natürliche Ressourcen, Energie, Umwelt
ddc:020
ddc:333
Erfolgreiches Bauen ist heutzutage eng mit Standardisierung verbunden. Der ISO/TR 11219:2012. Information and Documentation. Qualitative Conditions and Basic Statistics for Library Buildings; Space, Function and Design ist ein Fachbericht für Bibliothekare, Architekten und andere beteiligte Fachleute im Bibliotheksbau. Er enthält Richtlinien und normative Referenzen sowie Kennzahlen und Daten für sämtliche Bereiche eines Bibliotheksbaus. Dieses Kapitel ist ein Wieder-Lesen des Technical Report unter dem Aspekt der Nachhaltigkeit. Im hier beschriebenen Sinne ist Nachhaltigkeit nicht nur ein einfaches Modewort, das mit Umweltschutz und Ressourcenschonung assoziiert wird, sondern ein komplexes Konzept, das soziale, ökonomische und ökologische Verantwortung in konkretes Handeln umsetzt. Es wird deutlich, dass der Technical Report viele Standards und Richtlinien bietet, die mit Nachhaltigkeit in diesem Sinne verbunden sind.
Standardization is an important part of successful building and construction today. The ISO/TR 11219:2012. Information and Documentation. Qualitative Conditions and Basic Statistics for Library Buildings; Space, Function and Design is a standardization document for librarians, architects and other professionals involved in library planning and construction. It provides guidelines and normative references as well as facts and figures concerning all parts of a library building. This chapter is a rereading of the Technical Report from a sustainability point of view. Sustainability as defined here is not a simple buzzword associated with environmental protection and resource efficiency, but a complex concept concerning socially, economically and ecologically responsible action. It becomes obvious that the Technical Report provides many standards and guidelines connected to the sustainability issue along these lines.
2015-10-01
bookPart
doc-type:bookPart
http://edoc.hu-berlin.de/18452/2948
urn:nbn:de:kobv:11-100232616
http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/2296
eng
http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/
application/pdf
Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Philosophische Fakultät I, Institut für Bibliotheks- und Informationswissenschaft
oai:edoc.hu-berlin.de:18452/148792020-03-07T04:34:17Zcom_18452_1col_18452_4ddc:333.7textPublicationprimusopen_accessddc:330doc-type:masterThesis
Die Umsetzung der Wasserrahmenrichtlinie in Berlin und Hamburg
Vergleich der Ansätze zur Maßnahmenausarbeitung ; der Einfluss lokaler Bedingungen
Schröder, Nadine Jenny Shirin
Thiel, Andreas
Roggero, Matteo
Berlin
Kooperation
Koordination
Bürgerbeteiligung
Wasserwirtschaft
Wasserrahmenrichtlinie
WRRL
Hamburg
Gewässerentwicklungskonzepte
Einzugsgebietsmanagement
Gewässerunterhaltung
Wasserbehörde
Flusseinzugsgebiete
FGG Elbe
Naturschutzverbände
NABU
Lernprozesse
Polyzentrismus
Vetospieler
Vetomacht
Mehrebenensysteme
Öffentlichkeitsbeteiligung
Nährstoffreduzierungskonzept
Gewässerpädagogisches Netzwerk
Bachpatenschaft
Seevekanal
Kiestopf
Bachaktionstage
Projekt Eisvogel
Projekt Lebendige Alster
participation
coordination
cooperation
Water Framework Directive
WFD
water management
river basin management
watercourse maintenance
water authority
river catchments
RBC Elbe
Polycentricity
Social Learning
veto power
Collaborative Governance
Multilevel Governance
Management and Transition Framework
Problems of fit
NWB
HMWB
AWB
333.7 Natürliche Ressourcen, Energie, Umwelt
ddc:333
Als EU-Richtlinie einer neuen Generation lässt die Wasserrahmenrichtlinie (WRRL) viele Spielräume in der konkreten Umsetzung durch die Mitgliedsstaaten bzw. durch die Bundesländer in Deutschland, da die WRRL hier durch die bestehenden Organisationen der Länder in territorialen Einheiten vollzogen wird. Damit soll den „problems of fit“ entgegen gewirkt werden, die sich ergeben, wenn die neue Institution nicht zu dem biophysischen System oder den bereits bestehenden Institutionen oder Strukturen vor Ort passen. In dieser Arbeit wird, unter Anwendung der Konzepte und Theorien des Polyzentrismus, Multilevel Governance und des Management and Transition Frameworks, die unterschiedliche Herangehensweise in der Umsetzung der WRRL anhand der zwei Großstädte Berlin und Hamburg dargestellt. Untersucht wird welche Auswirkungen bestimmte lokale Faktoren auf die Unterschiede in der Herangehensweise an die Maßnahmenausarbeitung haben, trotz dessen die rechtliche Grundlage und die Rahmenbedingungen ähnlich sind. Berlin und Hamburg unterscheiden sich in der Kompetenzverteilung der Aufgaben zur WRRL über verschiedene Ebenen und innerhalb der Ebenen. Insgesamt weist Berlin ein im Vergleich zu Hamburg zentraleres System kombiniert mit polyzentralen Strukturen auf. Hamburg hingegen ist als polyzentraler mit hierarchischen Komponenten einzustufen. Damit ergeben sich für Berlin und Hamburg unterschiedliche Gefüge von Vetomacht, potenzielle Konfliktkonstellationen und Kooperations- und Koordinationsprozesse. Die Anzahl letzterer ist in Hamburg wesentlich größer, aber je Prozess sind meist weniger Akteure beteiligt als in Berlin. In Berlin finden die großen Kooperationsprozesse entlang der Planung von Gewässerentwicklungskonzepten statt, in Hamburg hingegen bei der Ausweisung von Gewässern. Durch die Unterschiede in den Koordinationsprozessen erreichen Berlin (Flusseinzugsgebiete) und Hamburg (Bezirksgrenzen) unterschiedliche Deckungsgrade mit den Effektskalen der Maßnahmen.
As a new generation of an EU directive the Water Framework Directive (WFD) let much room for interpretation how it can be implemented by the member states and accordingly by the states within Germany. The WFD is executed here by the existing organizations of the states in Germany in territorial units. This shall prevent “problems of fit” which can occur if new institutions don’t fit to the biophysical system, existing institutions or other local structures. Using the theories and concepts of polycentricity, multilevel governance and the management and transition framework, this paper shows the different approaches to implement the WFD by means of the metropolises Berlin and Hamburg. As the legal background and the general frame conditions are similar it analyses which impacts local factors have on the differences how measures are planned. Berlin and Hamburg differ, concerning WFD tasks, in the allocation of competences over different levels and within levels. All in all Berlin shows compared to Hamburg a more centralized system combined with polycentric structures. Hamburg however can be classified as more polycentric with hierarchical components. Due to this Berlin and Hamburg have different patterns of veto power, potential conflict constellations as well as cooperation and coordination processes. The number of the latter ones is in Hamburg noticeable higher but compared to Berlin often fewer actors are involved in each process. In Berlin the large cooperation processes are organized to plan the development concepts for watercourses. In contrast to Hamburg they are used mainly during the designation of water bodies. Through the differences in the coordination processes Berlin (river catchment areas) and Hamburg (district borders) fit in different degrees to the effect scales of measures.
2014-07-11
masterThesis
doc-type:masterThesis
http://edoc.hu-berlin.de/18452/14879
urn:nbn:de:kobv:11-100225850
http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/14227
BV042290648
ger
Namensnennung - Keine kommerzielle Nutzung - Keine Bearbeitung
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/de/
application/pdf
Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Lebenswissenschaftliche Fakultät
oai:edoc.hu-berlin.de:18452/29632020-03-07T04:02:38Zcom_18452_49com_18452_45com_18452_5col_18452_60ddc:333.7doc-type:bookParttextPublicationprimusopen_accessddc:020ddc:330
Landmark with green credentials
Brighton’s "Jubilee Library"
Gabel, Gernot U.
Hauke, Petra
Latimer, Karen
Werner, Klaus
Bibliothek
Nachhaltigkeit
Ökologie
Bauwesen
020 Bibliotheks- und Informationswissenschaften
333.7 Natürliche Ressourcen, Energie, Umwelt
ddc:020
ddc:333
1998 entschloss sich die Stadt Brighton zum Bau einer neuen Bibliothek. Die Realisierung erfolgte nach dem Public Private Partnership- Modell, und die Öffentlichkeit wurde an der Planung beteiligt. Es entstand ein in vielerlei Hinsicht nachhaltiges Gebäude, wofür die Bibliothek bereits mehr als ein Dutzend Preise erhielt. Die Bibliothek wurde von der Bevölkerung gut angenommen. Der hohe Zuwachs an Nutzern sowie technische Neuerungen machten einige Anpassungen am Bau nötig. Die Bibliothek evaluiert kontinuierlich ihre Verbrauchswerte, um diese stetig zu verbessern. Sieben Jahre nach dem Bezug wirft dieser Beitrag einen kritischen Blick auf den Energieverbrauch. Ein Feedback der Gebäudenutzer zeigt, inwieweit das Gebäude heute die bei der planerischen Kalkulation bezifferten Ziele erreicht.
In 1998 Brighton’s city council decided to build a new library. The library was designed using a public-private partnership model and the public was involved in the planning. It became in many ways a sustainable building, and since its inauguration in 2005 the library has received more than a dozen awards for it. The library was also well accepted by the citizens. The increase in usage, as well as technical innovations led to some adjustments to the construction. The library continuously evaluates its consumption in order to improve. Seven years later a critical look at the energy consumption and feedback from the building occupants show how well the edifice actually performs according to calculations.
2015-10-01
bookPart
doc-type:bookPart
http://edoc.hu-berlin.de/18452/2963
urn:nbn:de:kobv:11-100232760
http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/2311
eng
http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/
application/pdf
Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Philosophische Fakultät I, Institut für Bibliotheks- und Informationswissenschaft
oai:edoc.hu-berlin.de:18452/236022023-10-31T04:00:47Zcom_18452_25col_18452_26ddc:333.7doc-type:articlestatus-type:publishedVersiontextPublicationprimusopen_accessddc:570ddc:330
Diurnal Changes in Hypoxia Shape Predator-Prey Interaction in a Bird-Fish System
Lukas, Juliane
Auer, Felix
Goldhammer, Tobias
Krause, Jens
Romanczuk, Pawel
Klamser, Pascal
Arias-Rodriguez, Lenin
Bierbach, David
predator-prey interactions
bird predation
poeciliidae
hypoxia
hydrogen-sulfide
333.7 Natürliche Resourcen, Energie und Umwelt
570 Biologie
ddc:333
ddc:570
This article was supported by the German Research Foundation (DFG) and the Open Access Publication Fund of Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin.
Animals often face changing environments, and behavioral flexibility allows them to rapidly and adaptively respond to abiotic factors that vary more or less regularly. However, abiotic factors that affect prey species do not necessarily affect their predators. Still, the prey’s response might affect the predator indirectly, yet evidence from the wild for such a classical bottom-up effect of abiotic factors shaping several trophic levels remains sparse. In many aquatic environments, daily changes in oxygen concentrations occur frequently. When oxygen levels drop to hypoxic levels, many fishes respond with aquatic surface respiration (ASR), during which they obtain oxygen by skimming the upper, oxygenated surface layer. By increasing time at the surface, fish become more vulnerable to fish-eating birds. We explored these cascading effects in a sulfidic spring system that harbors the endemic sulphur molly (Poecilia sulphuraria) as prey species and several fish-eating bird species. Sulfide-rich springs pose harsh conditions as hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is lethal to most metazoans and reduces dissolved oxygen (DO). Field sampling during three daytimes indicated that water temperatures rose from morning to (after)noon, resulting in the already low DO levels to decrease further, while H2S levels showed no diurnal changes. The drop in DO levels was associated with a decrease in time spent diving in sulphur mollies, which corresponded with an increase in ASR. Interestingly, the laboratory-estimated threshold at which the majority of sulphur mollies initiate ASR (ASR50: <1.7 mg/L DO) was independent of temperature and this value was exceeded daily when hypoxic stress became more severe toward noon. As fish performed ASR, large aggregations built up at the water surface over the course of the day. As a possible consequence of fish spending more time at the surface, we found high activity levels of fish-eating birds at noon and in the afternoon. Our study reveals that daily fluctuations in water’s oxygen levels have the potential to alter predator-prey interactions profoundly and thus highlights the joined actions of abiotic and biotic factors shaping the evolution of a prey species.
Peer Reviewed
2021-03-18
article
doc-type:article
publishedVersion
http://edoc.hu-berlin.de/18452/23602
urn:nbn:de:kobv:11-110-18452/23602-2
10.3389/fevo.2021.619193
http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/22927
2296-701X
eng
(CC BY 4.0) Attribution 4.0 International
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
application/pdf
Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
oai:edoc.hu-berlin.de:18452/29662020-03-07T04:02:38Zcom_18452_49com_18452_45com_18452_5col_18452_60ddc:333.7doc-type:bookParttextPublicationprimusopen_accessddc:020ddc:330
Bücherhallen Hamburg im rechten Licht
Neue Beleuchtung in der Zentralbibliothek
Keite, Uta
Banduch, Raffael
Hauke, Petra
Latimer, Karen
Werner, Klaus
Bibliothek
Nachhaltigkeit
Ökologie
Bauwesen
020 Bibliotheks- und Informationswissenschaften
333.7 Natürliche Ressourcen, Energie, Umwelt
ddc:020
ddc:333
Die Bücherhallen Hamburg liefern ein Beispiel, auf welche Weise Bibliotheken "grüner" gestaltet werden können. Die Optimierung der Beleuchtung spielte eine entscheidende Rolle im Rahmen der Umbaumaßnahmen, um das kürzlich bezogene Kontorhaus den Anforderungen der Zentralbibliothek anzupassen. In Zusammenarbeit mit einem erfahrenen Lichtplaner und dem Architekten wurde die Beleuchtung entsprechend der Nutzung und dem Zweck der unterschiedlichen Zonen umgestaltet. Die einzelnen Bibliothekszonen mit eingesetzten Lampen, Leuchten und deren technischen Details sowie die daraus resultierenden Energieeinsparpotenziale werden beschrieben. Die Kosten werden den künftigen Ersparnissen gegenübergestellt. Schließlich werden ein Ausblick und der Anreiz zur Optimierung der Beleuchtung hinsichtlich eines positiven Einflusses auf Kundenzufriedenheit, Energie- und Kostenersparnis in der eigenen Bibliothek gegeben.
Bücherhallen Hamburg – as one example of sustainability in libraries – made their central library greener by improving the lighting. While refurbishing the building in order to make it meet the requirements of a contemporary public library, the lighting facilities have been upgraded appropriately for the different library zones in collaboration with a lighting designer and the architect. This paper describes each zone, the installed lights and technical details as well as the resulting energy and investment savings. Finally the author puts the issue of lighting in perspective and encourages the optimization of lighting in order to achieve a positive impact on energy and investment savings in one’s own library.
2015-10-01
bookPart
doc-type:bookPart
http://edoc.hu-berlin.de/18452/2966
urn:nbn:de:kobv:11-100232799
http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/2314
ger
http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/
application/pdf
Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Philosophische Fakultät I, Institut für Bibliotheks- und Informationswissenschaft
oai:edoc.hu-berlin.de:18452/223272023-10-31T04:00:50Zcom_18452_25col_18452_26ddc:333.7doc-type:articlestatus-type:publishedVersiontextPublicationprimusopen_accessddc:330
The Dark Side of Light
A Transdisciplinary Research Agenda for Light Pollution Policy
Hölker, Franz
Moss, Timothy
Griefahn, Barbara
Kloas, Werner
Voigt, Christian C.
Henckel, Dietrich
Hänel, Andreas
Kappeler, Peter M.
Völker, Stephan
Schwope, Axel
Franke, Steffen
Uhrlandt, Dirk
Fischer, Jürgen
Klenke, Reinhard
Wolter, Christian
Tockner, Klement
artificial light
energy efficiency
lighting concept
light pollution
nightscape
policy
sustainability
transdisciplinary
333.7 Natürliche Resourcen, Energie und Umwelt
ddc:333
Although the invention and widespread use of artificial light is clearly one of the most important human technological advances, the transformation of nightscapes is increasingly recognized as having adverse effects. Night lighting may have serious physiological consequences for humans, ecological and evolutionary implications for animal and plant populations, and may reshape entire ecosystems. However, knowledge on the adverse effects of light pollution is vague. In response to climate change and energy shortages, many countries, regions, and communities are developing new lighting programs and concepts with a strong focus on energy efficiency and greenhouse gas emissions. Given the dramatic increase in artificial light at night (0 - 20% per year, depending on geographic region), we see an urgent need for light pollution policies that go beyond energy efficiency to include human well-being, the structure and functioning of ecosystems, and inter-related socioeconomic consequences. Such a policy shift will require a sound transdisciplinary understanding of the significance of the night, and its loss, for humans and the natural systems upon which we depend. Knowledge is also urgently needed on suitable lighting technologies and concepts which are ecologically, socially, and economically sustainable. Unless managing darkness becomes an integral part of future conservation and lighting policies, modern society may run into a global self-experiment with unpredictable outcomes.
Peer Reviewed
2010-12
article
doc-type:article
publishedVersion
http://edoc.hu-berlin.de/18452/22327
urn:nbn:de:kobv:11-110-18452/22327-0
http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/21567
10.5751/ES-03685-150413
eng
(CC BY-NC 4.0) Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
application/pdf
Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
oai:edoc.hu-berlin.de:18452/187032020-03-07T04:55:29Zcom_18452_25col_18452_458doc-type:reportddc:333.7textPublicationprimusopen_accessddc:330
Vollautarke solar betriebene Inselnetze mit integrierter Wasserstofftechnologie
ein Lösungsvorschlag
Weller, Wolfgang
erneuerbare Energien
Inselnetze
Autarkie
Wasserstofftechnologie
renewable energy, local networks, autarky, hydrogen technology
renewable energy
local networks
autarky
hydrogen technology
333.7 Natürliche Resourcen, Energie und Umwelt
ddc:333
Es wird ein Vorschlag zur vollständigen Energieautarkie unterbreitet, bei dem die Schwankungen der solaren Energieeinträge zusätzlich zum integrierten Stromspeicher durch ein weiteres Subsystem auf der Basis der Wasserstofftechnologie vollständig ausgeglichen werden, sodass keine Anbindung an das öffentliche Stromnetz benötigt wird.
Die Speisung dezentraler Inselnetze mit solarer Energie ist bekanntlich mit dem Problem behaftet, dass der Energieeintrag erheblichen wetter- und tageszeitlichen Schwankungen unterliegt. Trotz ausgleichender Maßnahmen, insbesondere den Einsatz elektrischer Energiespeicher, kommt es immer wieder zu einem Über- oder auch Unterversorgung solcher Netze. Die bisher bevorzugte Maßnahme zur Begegnung solcher Extremsituationen besteht in der zeitweisen Kopplung des Inselnetzes mit dem öffentlichen Stromversorgungsnetz, was zunächst eine entsprechende Zugangsmöglichkeit voraussetzt.
Im vorliegenden Beitrag wird eine alternative Möglichkeit des Energieausgleichs aufgezeigt, die eine Befreiung von der Netzbindung ermöglicht. Diese basiert auf der Einbeziehung der Wasserstofftechnologie. Dies erfordert die Integration einer kleinkalibrigen Elektrolyseanlage zur Erzeugung von Wasserstoff aus überschüssigem Strom, die Verwendung von Kartuschen zur temporären Speicherung des energiereichen Wasserstoffs sowie eine Mini-Brennstoffzelle zur bedarfsweisen Erzeugung benötigten Stroms aus dem gespeicherten Wasserstoff. Anhand dazu durchgeführter Recherchen konnte gezeigt werden, dass auch die hier benötigten Komponenten in verschiedenen Leistungsklassen und möglicherweise auch zu tragbaren Preisen im Angebot sind.
Not Reviewed
2017-07-12
report
doc-type:report
http://edoc.hu-berlin.de/18452/18703
urn:nbn:de:kobv:11-110-18452/18703-6
http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/18039
ger
http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/
application/pdf
Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
oai:edoc.hu-berlin.de:18452/29692020-03-07T04:02:38Zcom_18452_49com_18452_45com_18452_5col_18452_60ddc:333.7doc-type:bookParttextPublicationprimusopen_accessddc:020ddc:330
Ethisches Handeln vs. ökonomischeAnforderungen
Umweltmanagement in einem mittelständischen Unternehmenam Beispiel der ekz.bibliotheksservice GmbH
Mittrowann, Andreas
Sprißler, Ingo
Hauke, Petra
Latimer, Karen
Werner, Klaus
Bibliothek
Nachhaltigkeit
Ökologie
Bauwesen
020 Bibliotheks- und Informationswissenschaften
333.7 Natürliche Ressourcen, Energie, Umwelt
ddc:020
ddc:333
Nachhaltigkeit und Umweltmanagement in Unternehmen haben in den vergangenen Jahren vor dem Hintergrund von Globalisierung, dem veränderten Bewusstsein der Konsumenten und als Wettbewerbsfaktor eine gestiegene Bedeutung erhalten. Die ekz.bibliotheksservice GmbH als größter deutscher Komplettanbieter für Bibliotheken hat im Jahr 2011 ein Umweltmanagement eingeführt sowie eine Zertifizierung nach DIN EN ISO 14001 erlangt. Diese DIN ist auf dem Weg, eine ebenso große Bedeutung zu erlangen wie die ISO 9001, die zu einem internationalen Maßstab für das Qualitätsmanagement geworden ist. Diese DIN-Norm hilft Unternehmen bei der systematischen, dokumentierten, objektiven und regelmäßigen Bewertung ihrer Leistung für die Umwelt. Der Beitrag fokussiert auf das Thema Umweltmanagement und schildert die grundlegenden Überlegungen vor der Einführung und geht auf die Prozessschritte ein. Ein Ausblick auf die geplanten, weiteren Schritte und eine Vision für die Unternehmenszukunft in diesem Bereich schließen die Darstellung ab.
Against the background of globalization and a new awareness by customers, sustainability and environmental management have become more and more important. In 2011 ekz.bibliotheksservice GmbH, the largest German library supplier, implemented an environmental management strategy and achieved DIN EN ISO 14001 certification. This certification is becoming as important as the certification ISO 9001, which is an international measure of requirements for quality management systems. The DIN 14001 standard supports companies in systemology, and well-documented, objective and continual evaluation of their environmental performance. This article takes as its theme environmental management and describes the basic considerations to be taken into account before the introduction of such a management approach. It describes the steps to be taken throughout the process. To conclude the article, the next stage in the process is described and a view of where the business is going in terms of environmental awareness is outlined.
2015-10-01
bookPart
doc-type:bookPart
http://edoc.hu-berlin.de/18452/2969
urn:nbn:de:kobv:11-100232827
http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/2317
ger
http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/
application/pdf
Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Philosophische Fakultät I, Institut für Bibliotheks- und Informationswissenschaft
oai:edoc.hu-berlin.de:18452/38852020-03-07T04:03:41Zcom_18452_79com_18452_45com_18452_5col_18452_82ddc:333.7textPublicationprimusopen_accessddc:330doc-type:bookddc:630
Einzelbetriebliche Auswirkungen politischer Strukturreformen in der Landwirtschaft
Erste empirische Erkenntnisse
Feil, Jan-Henning
Mußhoff, Oliver
Roeren-Wiemers, Tobias
Agrarpolitik
Politikfolgenabschätzung
Einkommenseffekte
Überwälzungseffekte
Einkommensrisiko
Paneldatenanalyse
Agricultural policy
policy impact analysis
income effects
transmission effects
income risk
panel data analysis
630 Landwirtschaft und verwandte Bereiche
333.7 Natürliche Ressourcen, Energie, Umwelt
330 Wirtschaft
ddc:630
ddc:333
ddc:330
Die einzelbetrieblichen Auswirkungen politischer Reformen beschäftigen (Agrar)Ökonomen seit Langem und sind aufgrund der anstehenden Reform der gemeinsamen EU-Agrarpolitik in 2014 hoch aktuell. In diesem Beitrag werden die Effekte der EU-Agrarrefomen der letzten 20 Jahre und der Einführung des Erneuerbare-Energien-Gesetzes auf die Höhe der Einkommen landwirtschaftlicher Betriebe, auf Überwälzungseffekte auf dem Pachtmarkt sowie auf das Einkommensrisiko erstmalig empirisch untersucht. Hierzu steht ein Datensatz landwirtschaftlicher Betriebe aus Nordrhein-Westfalen über einen Zeitraum von 1984/85 bis 2010/11 zur Verfügung, der anhand einer Paneldatenanalyse ausgewertet wird. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass die besagten Reformen einen signifikanten Einfluss auf die Höhe der betrieblichen Einkommen, der Pachtpreise sowie des Einkommensrisikos hatten.
The farm level effects of political reforms have been discussed in the literature for a long time and are highly relevant against the background of the upcoming reform of the Common Agricultural Policy in the EU in 2014. In this paper, the impact of the EU agricultural reforms of the last 20 years and the introduction of the German Renewable Energy Sources Act are quantified with regard to arable farm income level, transmission effects on land rental markets and arable farm income risk. For this purpose, a dataset of arable farms from North Rhine Westphalia over the period from 1984/85 to 2010/11 is investigated by means of a panel data analysis. The results suggest that the political reforms had a significant impact on the farm income level, the level of land rental prices and the farm income risk.
2013-09-23
book
doc-type:book
http://edoc.hu-berlin.de/18452/3885
urn:nbn:de:kobv:11-100212571
http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/3233
2942080-5
ger
http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/
application/pdf
Albrecht Daniel Thaer-Institut für Agrar- und Gartenbauwissenschaften
oai:edoc.hu-berlin.de:18452/232072023-10-31T04:00:56Zcom_18452_25col_18452_26ddc:333.7doc-type:articlestatus-type:publishedVersiontextPublicationprimusopen_accessddc:330
Factors for Self-Protective Behavior against Extreme Weather Events in the Philippines
Werg, Jana Lorena
Grothmann, Torsten
Spies, Michael
Mieg, Harald A.
natural hazards
climate change
perception
self-protective measures
adaptation
333.7 Natürliche Resourcen, Energie und Umwelt
ddc:333
This article was supported by the German Research Foundation (DFG) and the Open Access Publication Fund of Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin.
We report the results on factors for self-protective behavior against weather extremes such as extreme heat events, drought, and heavy precipitation. Our research draws on the Model of Private Proactive Adaptation to Climate Change (MPPACC). We developed a survey instrument incorporating the main aspects of the MPPACC and other factors from related research work that are assumed to explain why some people show self-protective behavior while others do not. The interview survey was conducted with a non-random sample of 210 respondents from three Philippine cities, namely Baguio, Dagupan, and Tuguegarao. The results reveal the importance of adaptation appraisal, including the perceived feasibility of self-protective measures, the perceived adaptation knowledge, and, with limitations, the perception of actions taken by neighbors or friends. We also show that perceptions of past weather trends are closely linked to risk perception but are only partly corroborated by weather station data. Implications for fostering self-protective behavior are making use of time windows right after an extreme weather event and focusing on enhancing adaptation appraisal.
Peer Reviewed
2020-07-27
article
doc-type:article
publishedVersion
http://edoc.hu-berlin.de/18452/23207
urn:nbn:de:kobv:11-110-18452/23207-9
http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/22583
2071-1050
10.3390/su12156010
eng
(CC BY 4.0) Attribution 4.0 International
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
application/pdf
Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
oai:edoc.hu-berlin.de:18452/29582020-03-07T04:02:37Zcom_18452_49com_18452_45com_18452_5col_18452_60ddc:333.7doc-type:bookParttextPublicationprimusopen_accessddc:020ddc:330
Going green: Free University PhilologicalLibrary, Berlin
An evolutionary concept development – from a box to"The Brain"
Hallmann, Christian
Hauke, Petra
Latimer, Karen
Werner, Klaus
Bibliothek
Nachhaltigkeit
Ökologie
Bauwesen
020 Bibliotheks- und Informationswissenschaften
333.7 Natürliche Ressourcen, Energie, Umwelt
ddc:020
ddc:333
In einem dynamischen Design-Prozess konnten bei der Philologischen Bibliothek der Freien Universität Berlin1 grundlegende aktive wie auch passive bautechnische Neuerungen verwirklicht werden, um Nachhaltigkeit sowohl im Hinblick auf die Nutzerfreundlichkeit als auch auf den Schutz des Bestandes zu garantieren. Dazu zählt neben einer Verkleinerung der äußeren Hülle in Relation zum Raumvolumen auch die Verwendung der richtigen Baumaterialien. Dies sowie die Nutzung von Tageslicht in Verbindung mit einem innovativen Heiz- und Lüftungssystem sorgen neben weiteren Strategien für die angestrebte Nachhaltigkeit. Neben diesen Aspekten stehen zudem die Anforderungen zur Benutzbarkeit der Präsenzbibliothek durch die Leser im Focus. Für ihr Design wurde die Philologische Bibliothek u.a. 2007 mit dem Deutschen Architekturpreis sowie dem Contractworld.award ausgezeichnet.
Active as well as passive constructional strategies and innovations were realized within a dynamic design process to guarantee sustainability at the Berlin Philological Library.1 Besides a reduction of the enveloping skin area in relation to its volume, the use of special building materials is noteworthy. This and the use of daylight and an innovative heating and ventilation system ensure the intended sustainability. There are also numerous other strategies supporting this goal. Encompassed within this approach, the needs of the users take centre stage. Awarded with the Deutscher Architekturpreis and the Contractworld.award in 2007, the Philological Library is a notable example of a sustainable library and an architectural highlight.
2015-10-01
bookPart
doc-type:bookPart
http://edoc.hu-berlin.de/18452/2958
urn:nbn:de:kobv:11-100232718
http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/2306
eng
http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/
application/pdf
Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Philosophische Fakultät I, Institut für Bibliotheks- und Informationswissenschaft
oai:edoc.hu-berlin.de:18452/211102023-10-31T04:00:59Zcom_18452_25col_18452_26ddc:333.7doc-type:articlestatus-type:publishedVersiontextPublicationprimusopen_accessddc:330
The Challenges of Applying Planetary Boundaries as a Basis for Strategic Decision-Making in Companies with Global Supply Chains
Clift, Roland
Sim, Sarah
King, Henry
Chenoweth, Jonathan
Christie, Ian
Clavreul, Julie
Mueller, Carina
Posthuma, Leo
Boulay, Anne-Marie
Chaplin-Kramer, Rebecca
Chatterton, Julia
DeClerck, Fabrice
Druckman, Angela
France, Chris
Franco, Antonio
Gerten, Dieter
Goedkoop, Mark
Hauschild, Michael
Huijbregts, Mark
Koellner, Thomas
Lambin, Eric
Lee, Jacquetta
Mair, Simon
Marshall, Stuart
McLachlan, Michael
Milà i Canals, Llorenç
Mitchell, Cynthia
Price, Edward
Rockström, Johan
Suckling, James
Murphy, Richard
planetary boundaries
biodiversity
climate change
chemical pollution
water use
business
333.7 Natürliche Resourcen, Energie und Umwelt
ddc:333
The Planetary Boundaries (PB) framework represents a significant advance in specifying the ecological constraints on human development. However, to enable decision-makers in business and public policy to respect these constraints in strategic planning, the PB framework needs to be developed to generate practical tools. With this objective in mind, we analyse the recent literature and highlight three major scientific and technical challenges in operationalizing the PB approach in decision-making: first, identification of thresholds or boundaries with associated metrics for different geographical scales; second, the need to frame approaches to allocate fair shares in the ‘safe operating space’ bounded by the PBs across the value chain and; third, the need for international bodies to co-ordinate the implementation of the measures needed to respect the Planetary Boundaries. For the first two of these challenges, we consider how they might be addressed for four PBs: climate change, freshwater use, biosphere integrity and chemical pollution and other novel entities. Four key opportunities are identified: (1) development of a common system of metrics that can be applied consistently at and across different scales; (2) setting ‘distance from boundary’ measures that can be applied at different scales; (3) development of global, preferably open-source, databases and models; and (4) advancing understanding of the interactions between the different PBs. Addressing the scientific and technical challenges in operationalizing the planetary boundaries needs be complemented with progress in addressing the equity and ethical issues in allocating the safe operating space between companies and sectors.
RIVM
Peer Reviewed
2017-02-15
article
doc-type:article
publishedVersion
http://edoc.hu-berlin.de/18452/21110
urn:nbn:de:kobv:11-110-18452/21110-6
10.3390/su9020279
http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/20354
2071-1050
eng
(CC BY 4.0) Attribution 4.0 International
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
application/pdf
Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
oai:edoc.hu-berlin.de:18452/254552023-10-31T04:01:02Zcom_18452_25col_18452_26ddc:333.7doc-type:articlestatus-type:publishedVersiontextPublicationprimusopen_accessddc:330
Mapping Impervious Surface Using Phenology-Integrated and Fisher Transformed Linear Spectral Mixture Analysis
Ouyang, Linke
Wu, Caiyan
Li, Junxiang
Liu, Yuhan
Wang, Meng
Han, Ji
Song, Conghe
Yu, Qian
Haase, Dagmar
impervious surface area
phenology information
Fisher transformation
linear spectral mixture analysis
endmember variability
Google Earth Engine
seasonally exposed soil
VIS model
Shanghai
Landsat
333.7 Landflächen, Naturräume für Freizeit und Erholung, Naturreservate, Energie
ddc:333
The impervious surface area (ISA) is a key indicator of urbanization, which brings out serious adverse environmental and ecological consequences. The ISA is often estimated from remotely sensed data via spectral mixture analysis (SMA). However, accurate extraction of ISA using SMA is compromised by two major factors, endmember spectral variability and plant phenology. This study developed a novel approach that incorporates phenology with Fisher transformation into a conventional linear spectral mixture analysis (PF-LSMA) to address these challenges. Four endmembers, high albedo, low albedo, evergreen vegetation, and seasonally exposed soil (H-L-EV-SS) were identified for PF-LSMA, considering the phenological characteristic of Shanghai. Our study demonstrated that the PF-LSMA effectively reduced the within-endmember spectral signature variation and accounted for the endmember phenology effects, and thus well-discriminated impervious surface from seasonally exposed soil, enhancing the accuracy of ISA extraction. The ISA fraction map produced by PF-LSMA (RMSE = 0.1112) outperforms the single-date image Fisher transformed unmixing method (F-LSMA) (RMSE = 0.1327) and the other existing major global ISA products. The PF-LSMA was implemented on the Google Earth Engine platform and thus can be easily adapted to extract ISA in other places with similar climate conditions.
Peer Reviewed
2022-03-30
article
doc-type:article
publishedVersion
http://edoc.hu-berlin.de/18452/25455
urn:nbn:de:kobv:11-110-18452/25455-8
10.3390/rs14071673
http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/24789
2072-4292
eng
(CC BY 4.0) Attribution 4.0 International
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
application/pdf
Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
oai:edoc.hu-berlin.de:18452/221112020-04-29T01:05:49Zcom_18452_77com_18452_45com_18452_5col_18452_78ddc:333.7textPublicationprimusopen_accessddc:330doc-type:workingPaper
Trapped between barriers OR Flowing despite barriers?
Schröder, Nadine Jenny Shirin
Chaudhary, Nikhil
EU Water Framework Directive
WFD
policy implementation
implementation barriers
implementation strategies
Germany
Saxony-Anhalt
Comic
333.7 Natürliche Resourcen, Energie und Umwelt
ddc:333
The EU Water Framework Directive (WFD) is said to be a directive of a new generation as
it is very flexible to avoid institutional misfits during implementation. Nevertheless, 20 years
after putting the WFD into force the ambitious aims, the good (ecological and chemical)
status in all European Waters, are far from being reached by the member states.
There may be several ecological reasons why a time horizon of 15 to 27 years is too tight
to undo 500 years of anthropogenic influence. However, in some places implementation has
not even started yet, has been delayed or the measures taken are insufficient to achieve
WFD goals. Reasons for this may be found in national and local governance structures and
processes.
This comic aims to visualize barriers for WFD implementation at the local level in Germany.
WFD implementers were asked how they are implementing WFD measures and which barriers
they face or which conflicts they perceive. The German federal states are characterized
by different constellations of decision-making centers in WFD-related water management:
including water authorities, water management authorities, water course maintenance
associations and enterprises, water and soil associations, nature conservation authorities,
nature conservation associations, companies and other state and non-state actors. The
states vary in their institutional settings, levels involved in decision-making and the kinds of
ecological-administrative boundaries they face. Nevertheless, local WFD implementers share
certain types of barriers, although details vary. These barrier types are motivation, financial
and personnel resources, land resources and institutional interplay. The results reflect not
so much the single case which was used to illustrate the barriers but rather the sum of all
analyzed local actors implementing WFD measures. These face different barriers to varying
extents. The states address some of these barriers through a variety of strategies.
Data for the analysis was gathered in 66 semi-structured interviews with authorities from all
levels and non-state actors in six federal states – Hesse, Lower Saxony, Saxony, Saxony-
Anhalt, Thuringia and North Rhine Westphalia – as well as through the analysis of policy
documents and official websites.
2020-01
workingPaper
doc-type:workingPaper
http://edoc.hu-berlin.de/18452/22111
urn:nbn:de:kobv:11-110-18452/22111-8
http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/21269
2566-5561
2896709-4
eng
http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/
application/pdf
Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
oai:edoc.hu-berlin.de:18452/236942023-10-31T04:01:08Zcom_18452_25col_18452_26ddc:333.7doc-type:articlestatus-type:publishedVersiontextPublicationprimusopen_accessddc:690ddc:330
Can Enhancing Efficiency Promote the Economic Viability of Smallholder Farmers? A Case of Sierra Leone
Saravia-Matus, Silvia
Amjath-Babu, T.S
Aravindakshan, Sreejith
Sieber, Stefan
Saravia, Jimmy A.
Gomez y Paloma, Sergio
economic viability
technical efficiency
smallholder farmers
Sierra Leone
333.7 Natürliche Resourcen, Energie und Umwelt
690 Bau von Gebäuden
ddc:333
ddc:690
By developing meta-frontier efficiency and structural equation models, the paper examines whether farm economic viability is positively associated with technical efficiency in a highly food insecure context, such as that of rural Sierra Leone. The findings show that technical efficiency can be a sufficient but not necessary condition in determining economic viability of smallholder farming. It is possible to breach reproductive thresholds at the cost of reduced technical efficiency, when the crop diversification strategy of smallholders includes market-oriented high-value crops. This calls for a dual policy approach that addresses farmers’ internal needs for self-consumption (increasing efficiency of food crop production) while encouraging market-oriented cash crop production (diversification assisted through the reduction of associated transaction costs and the establishment of accessible commercialization channels of export related crops and/or high-value crops). The work also calls out for a move-up or move-out strategy for small holders to create viable farming systems in developing world.
Peer Reviewed
2021-04-10
article
doc-type:article
publishedVersion
http://edoc.hu-berlin.de/18452/23694
urn:nbn:de:kobv:11-110-18452/23694-9
10.3390/su13084235
http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/23016
2071-1050
eng
(CC BY 4.0) Attribution 4.0 International
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
application/pdf
Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
oai:edoc.hu-berlin.de:18452/256552023-10-31T04:01:09Zcom_18452_25col_18452_26ddc:333.7doc-type:articlestatus-type:publishedVersiontextPublicationprimusopen_accessddc:330
Desertification in the Sahel Region: A Product of Climate Change or Human Activities? A Case of Desert Encroachment Monitoring in North-Eastern Nigeria Using Remote Sensing Techniques
Ibrahim, Esther Shupel
Ahmed, Bello
Arodudu, Oludunsin Tunrayo
Jibril Babayo, Abubakar
Dang, Bitrus Akila
Ibrahim-Mahmoud, Mahmoud
Shaba, Halilu Ahmad
Shamaki, Sanusi
climate change
land cover land use change
sand dunes
environment
degradation
poverty
333.7 Landflächen, Naturräume für Freizeit und Erholung, Naturreservate, Energie
ddc:333
Desertification has become one of the most pronounced ecological disasters, affecting arid and semi-arid areas of Nigeria. This phenomenon is more pronounced in the northern region, particularly the eleven frontline states of Nigeria, sharing borders with the Niger Republic. This has been attributed to a range of natural and anthropogenic factors. Rampant felling of trees for fuelwood, unsustainable agriculture, overgrazing, coupled with unfavourable climatic conditions are among the key factors that aggravate the desertification phenomenon. This study applied geospatial analysis to explore land use/land cover changes and detect major conversions from ecologically active land covers to sand dunes. Results indicate that areas covered by sand dunes (a major indicator of desertification) have doubled over the 25 years under consideration (1990 to 2015). Even though 0.71 km2 of dunes was converted to vegetation, indicative of the success of various international, national, local and individual afforestation efforts, conversely about 10.1 km2 of vegetation were converted to sand dunes, implying around 14 times more deforestation compared to afforestation. On average, our results revealed that the sand dune in the study area is progressing at a mean annual rate of 15.2 km2 annually. The land cover conversion within the 25-year study period was from vegetated land to farmlands. Comparing the progression of a sand dune with climate records of the study area and examining the relationship between indicators of climate change and desertification suggested a mismatch between both processes, as increasing rainfall and lower temperatures observed in 1994, 2005, 2012, and 2014 did not translate into positive feedbacks for desertification in the study area. Likewise, the mean annual Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) from 2000 to 2015 shows a deviation between vegetation peaks, mean temperatures and rainfall. On average, our results reveal that the sand dune is progressing at a mean annual rate of about 15.2 km2 in the study area. Based on this study’s land cover change, trend and conversion assessment, visual reconciliation of climate records of land cover data, statistical analysis, observations from ground-truthing, as well as previous literature, it can be inferred that desertification in Nigeria is less a function of climate change, but more a product of human activities driven by poverty, population growth and failed government policies. Further projections by this study also reveal a high probability of more farmlands being converted to sand dunes by the years 2030 and 2045 if current practices prevail.
Peer Reviewed
2022-04-25
article
doc-type:article
publishedVersion
http://edoc.hu-berlin.de/18452/25655
urn:nbn:de:kobv:11-110-18452/25655-9
http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/24969
2673-7086
10.3390/geographies2020015
eng
(CC BY 4.0) Attribution 4.0 International
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
application/pdf
Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
oai:edoc.hu-berlin.de:18452/29672020-03-07T04:02:38Zcom_18452_49com_18452_45com_18452_5col_18452_60ddc:333.7doc-type:bookParttextPublicationprimusopen_accessddc:020ddc:330
Eine Wärmepumpe für ein Baudenkmal
Die Energiesparbibliothek in Delitzsch als Beispiel fürressourcenschonenden und nachhaltigen Städtebau
Wilde, Manfred
Hauke, Petra
Latimer, Karen
Werner, Klaus
Bibliothek
Nachhaltigkeit
Ökologie
Bauwesen
020 Bibliotheks- und Informationswissenschaften
333.7 Natürliche Ressourcen, Energie, Umwelt
ddc:020
ddc:333
Die im Jahre 2009 eingeweihte Delitzscher Stadtbibliothek "Alte Lateinschule" ist eine in mehrfacher Hinsicht bemerkenswerte Bildungseinrichtung. Die Bibliothek war mit 42.000 Medieneinheiten am alten Standort für den Bedarf zu klein geworden, auch fehlte ein Lesesaal. Nach Prüfung mehrerer Standorte fiel die Wahl auf ein inmitten der historischen Altstadt gelegenes, 1426 erbautes, inzwischen baulich ruiniertes Gebäude. Aus der Idee einer städtischen Projektgruppe heraus wurde das Konzept entwickelt, erstmals für die Stadt eine Erdwärmepumpenheizung zu installieren. Mit diesem Prinzip der Wärmeverdichtung kann etwa die Hälfte der Energie gegenüber einer modernen Gasheizung eingespart werden.
Inaugurated in 2009, the Delitzsch City Library "Alte Lateinschule" ("Old Latin School") is in many respects a remarkable educational facility. The library with its 42,000 media items became too small for the requirements of the old location, and lacked a reading room. After comparing several locations a building was chosen which is located in the historical centre; it was built in 1426 but was in a ruinous condition. Based on an idea of a municipal project group, the concept to install a geothermal heat pump for the first time in the town was developed. The principle of heat compression can save about half the energy compared to conventional gas heating.
2015-10-01
bookPart
doc-type:bookPart
http://edoc.hu-berlin.de/18452/2967
urn:nbn:de:kobv:11-100232805
http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/2315
ger
http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/
application/pdf
Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Philosophische Fakultät I, Institut für Bibliotheks- und Informationswissenschaft
oai:edoc.hu-berlin.de:18452/214012020-03-07T05:05:12Zcom_18452_25col_18452_26ddc:333.7doc-type:articlestatus-type:publishedVersiontextPublicationprimusopen_accessddc:570ddc:330
Improving Models of Species Ecological Niches: A Remote Sensing Overview
Leitão, Pedro J.
Santos, Maria J.
ecological niche
species conservation
remote sensing
species distribution (niche) model
ecological theory
570 Biologie
333.7 Natürliche Resourcen, Energie und Umwelt
ddc:570
ddc:333
Effective conservation capable of mitigating global biodiversity declines require thorough knowledge on species distributions and their drivers. A species ecological niche determines its geographic distribution, and species distribution models (SDMs) can be used to predict them. For various reasons, e.g., the lack of spatial data on relevant environmental factors, SDMs fail to characterize important ecological relationships. We argue that SDMs do not yet include relevant environmental information, which can be measured with remote sensing (RS). RS may benefit SDMs because it provides information on e.g., ecosystem function, health and structure, complete spatial assessment, and reasonable temporal repeat for the processes that determine geographical distributions. However, RS data is still seldom included in such studies with the exception of climate data. Here we provide a guide for researchers aiming to improve their SDM studies, describing how they might include RS data in their specific study. We propose how to improve models of species ecological niches, by including measures of habitat quality (e.g., productivity), nutritional values, and seasonal or life-cycle events. To date, several studies have shown that using ecologically-relevant environmental predictors derived from RS improve model performance and transferability, and better approximate a species ecological niche. These data, however, are not a panacea for SDMs, as there are cases in which RS predictors are not appropriate, too costly, or exhibit low predictive power. The integration of multiple environmental predictors derived from RS in SDMs can thus improve our knowledge on processes driving biodiversity change and improve our capacity for biodiversity conservation.
Peer Reviewed
2019-01-29
article
doc-type:article
publishedVersion
http://edoc.hu-berlin.de/18452/21401
urn:nbn:de:kobv:11-110-18452/21401-3
10.3389/fevo.2019.00009
http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/20673
2296-701X
eng
(CC BY 4.0) Attribution 4.0 International
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
application/pdf
image/tiff
Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
oai:edoc.hu-berlin.de:18452/237202023-10-31T04:01:12Zcom_18452_25col_18452_26ddc:333.7doc-type:articlestatus-type:publishedVersiontextPublicationprimusopen_accessddc:570ddc:330
Evolutionary Change in Locomotion Close to the Origin of Amniotes Inferred From Trackway Data in an Ancestral State Reconstruction Approach
Buchwitz, Michael
Jansen, Maren
Renaudie, Johan
Marchetti, Lorenzo
Voigt, Sebastian
tetrapod ichnology
functional morphology
Carboniferous
Permian
Cotylosauria
333.7 Landflächen, Naturräume für Freizeit und Erholung, Naturreservate, Energie
570 Biologie
ddc:333
ddc:570
This article was supported by the German Research Foundation (DFG) and the Open Access Publication Fund of Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin.
Among amniote and non-amniote tetrapod trackways from late Carboniferous to early Permian deposits, certain trackway measures vary notably. Some of this variability can be attributed to evolutionary changes in trackmaker anatomy and locomotion style close to the origin of amniotes. Here we demonstrate that steps in early amniote locomotion evolution can be addressed by applying methods of ancestral state reconstruction on trackway data – a novel approach in tetrapod ichnology. Based on (a) measurements of 186 trackways referred to the Carboniferous and early Permian ichnogenera Batrachichnus, Limnopus, Hylopus, Amphisauropus, Matthewichnus, Ichniotherium, Dimetropus, Tambachichnium, Erpetopus, Varanopus, Hyloidichnus, Notalacerta and Dromopus, (b) correlation of these ichnotaxa with specific groups of amphibian, reptiliomorph, synapsid, and reptilian trackmakers based on imprint morphology and (c) known skeletal-morphology-based phylogenies of the supposed trackmakers, we infer ancestral states for functionally controlled trackway measures in a maximum likelihood approach. The most notable finding of our analysis is a concordant change in trackway parameters within a series of ancestral amniote trackmakers, which reflects an evolutionary change in locomotion: In the ancestors of amniotes and diadectomorphs, an increase in body size was accompanied by a decrease in (normalized) gauge width and glenoacetabular length and by a change in imprint orientation toward a more trackway-parallel and forward-pointing condition. In the subsequent evolution of diadectomorph, synapsid and reptilian trackmakers after the diversification of the clades Cotylosauria (Amniota + Diadectomorpha) and Amniota, stride length increased whereas gauges decreased further or remained relatively narrow within most lineages. In accordance with this conspicuous pattern of evolutionary change in trackway measures, we interpret the body size increase as an underlying factor that triggered the reorganization of the locomotion apparatus. The secondary increase in stride length, which occurred convergently within distinct groups, is interpreted as an increase in locomotion capability when the benefits of reorganization came into effect. The track-trackmaker pair of Ichniotherium sphaerodactylum and Orobates pabsti from the early Permian Bromacker locality of the Thuringian Forest, proposed in earlier studies as a suitable ancestral amniote track-trackmaker model, fits relatively well with our modeled last common ancestor of amniotes – with the caveat that the Bromacker material is younger and some of the similarities appear to be due to convergence.
Peer Reviewed
2021-05-07
article
doc-type:article
publishedVersion
http://edoc.hu-berlin.de/18452/23720
urn:nbn:de:kobv:11-110-18452/23720-7
10.3389/fevo.2021.674779
http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/23057
2296-701X
eng
(CC BY 4.0) Attribution 4.0 International
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
application/pdf
Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
oai:edoc.hu-berlin.de:18452/253772023-10-31T04:01:12Zcom_18452_25col_18452_26ddc:333.7doc-type:articlestatus-type:publishedVersiontextPublicationprimusopen_accessddc:330
Consumers’ and Stakeholders’ Acceptance of Indoor Agritecture in Shanghai (China)
Zhou, Hemeng
Specht, Kathrin
Kirby, Caitlin K.
acceptability
perception
urban agritecture
urban farm
vertical farm
social acceptance
indoor farm
urban agriculture
333.7 Landflächen, Naturräume für Freizeit und Erholung, Naturreservate, Energie
ddc:333
During recent decades, there has been increasing awareness of the development of “agritecture” (“agri”culture + archi“tecture”) as a means to transform and revolutionize the food supply of future cities. The different forms of agritecture include building-integrated agricultural concepts such as vertical farms or indoor farms. In this way, urban food production could take place in proximity to consumers while employing so-called “urban waste” products (such as wastewater, waste heat, and organic waste) as valuable production inputs. Although scholars frequently highlight the potential of vertical farming and other agritecture approaches for Asian megacities, there is still a lack of academic research and completed projects related to this field in China. This study uses a mixed-methods approach, combining quantitative and qualitative research in the study location of Shanghai, to reveal the social acceptance of indoor agritecture among consumers and experts. First, to explore the perceptions of consumers, a survey of 713 potential consumers was conducted in Shanghai. Second, these surveys were complemented by 20 expert interviews with academics and practitioners from Shanghai to frame the quantitative research results. Our results revealed that the surveyed consumers’ social acceptance of indoor agritecture and the expectations of the experts are high. Additionally, there is already a high level of demand and a potential market for indoor agritecture in Shanghai. This has been confirmed by the ongoing construction of the first moderate-scale vertical farm and several indoor farms, in combination with the increasing existence of edible landscape approaches and rooftop farms. This development can be viewed as the rise of urban agritecture in Shanghai. The interviews revealed that experts raise more doubts about the economic dimension, whereas its social and ecological dimensions and the contextual framework of indoor agritecture are considered to be positive.
Peer Reviewed
2022-02-26
article
doc-type:article
publishedVersion
http://edoc.hu-berlin.de/18452/25377
urn:nbn:de:kobv:11-110-18452/25377-6
10.3390/su14052771
http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/24717
2071-1050
eng
(CC BY 4.0) Attribution 4.0 International
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
application/pdf
Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
oai:edoc.hu-berlin.de:18452/29652020-03-07T04:02:38Zcom_18452_49com_18452_45com_18452_5col_18452_60ddc:333.7doc-type:bookParttextPublicationprimusopen_accessddc:020ddc:330
Nachhaltigkeit in drei Dimensionen
Ressourcenverantwortung im Fokus der Planung für die neueZentral- und Landesbibliothek Berlin
Heller, Volker
Fansa, Jonas
Hauke, Petra
Latimer, Karen
Werner, Klaus
Bibliothek
Nachhaltigkeit
Ökologie
Bauwesen
020 Bibliotheks- und Informationswissenschaften
333.7 Natürliche Ressourcen, Energie, Umwelt
ddc:020
ddc:333
Nachhaltigkeit ist nicht nur ein ökologisches Thema, sondern umfasst auch ökonomische und soziale Aspekte. Im frühen Stadium eines öffentlichen Bauprojekts wie zum Beispiel der neuen Zentral- und Landesbibliothek Berlin (ZLB) sind Fragen der ökologischen Nachhaltigkeit zwar bereits relevant, sie sind ohne vorhandenen Gebäudeentwurf aber zunächst eher abstrakt. Hingegen kann das Nachdenken über wirtschaftliche und gesellschaftliche Aspekte von nachhaltiger Entwicklung in der Vorbereitung einer solchen Bauaufgabe sehr konkrete Wirkung auf die institutionelle Strategieentwicklung haben. Am Beispiel des geplanten Neubaus der ZLB sollen einige Fragen der ökologischen, ökonomischen und sozialen Nachhaltigkeit beleuchtet werden.
Sustainability is not only an environmental issue, but also an economic and social issue. In the early stages of public building projects such as the new Central and Regional Library Berlin (ZLB), environmental questions may be relevant, but can be relatively abstract. Considerations regarding economic and social questions may, on the other hand, have very practical implications on the strategic development of an institution, even in the early stages. We will discuss some aspects of environmental, economic and social sustainability using the ZLB project as a case study.
2015-10-01
bookPart
doc-type:bookPart
http://edoc.hu-berlin.de/18452/2965
urn:nbn:de:kobv:11-100232787
http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/2313
ger
http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/
application/pdf
Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Philosophische Fakultät I, Institut für Bibliotheks- und Informationswissenschaft
oai:edoc.hu-berlin.de:18452/223092023-10-31T04:01:15Zcom_18452_25col_18452_26ddc:333.7doc-type:articlestatus-type:publishedVersiontextPublicationprimusopen_accessddc:550ddc:330ddc:320
Politicised nexus thinking in practice
Integrating urban wastewater utilities into regional energy markets
Moss, Timothy
Hüesker, Frank
local politics
nexus
renewable energy
urban infrastructure
wastewater
551 Geologie, Hydrologie, Meteorologie
333.7 Natürliche Resourcen, Energie und Umwelt
320 Politikwissenschaft (Politik und Regierung)
ddc:551
ddc:333
ddc:320
This publication is with permission of the rights owner freely accessible due to an Alliance licence and a national licence (funded by the DFG, German Research Foundation) respectively.
Infrastructures are key interfaces of urban resource use, connecting production to consumption, cities to their hinterland and energy to water and land use. They have, however, received scant attention in debates on nexus thinking in general, and the urban nexus in particular. Drawing on an emergent critical literature on the nexus in urban studies and science and technology studies, this article examines practices of (attempted) inter-sectoral infrastructure integration at the interface of urban wastewater treatment and regional energy provision in Germany. It analyses the nexus approaches and experiences of eight German cities / city-regions as so-called ‘flexibility providers’ in regional energy markets for electricity, gas and heating. It demonstrates how the practices of wastewater utilities operating in energy markets involve far more than technical adaptation, requiring in addition a major reordering of existing material, spatial and institutional configurations to both wastewater and energy systems. This is proving a deeply political process with important implications for our understanding of socio-technical transitions at the water-energy nexus.
基础设施是城市资源利用的关键连接口, 将生产连接至消费, 城市连接至内陆腹地, 能源连接至水和土地利用。然而, 在学界总体关于“关系”(nexus) 思维和具体关于城市关系的讨论中, 基础设施鲜受关注。本文借鉴城市研究和科技研究中新涌现出的关于“关系”的关键文献, 考察了德国城市污水处理与区域能源供应交接地带的部门间基础设施整合实践。我们选取了德国八个在电力、燃气和暖气供应的区域能源市场中以所谓“灵活供应商”身份出现的城市/城市地区, 分析了其“关系”进路和经历。分析表明, 在能源市场运行的污水处理设施, 其所做远远不止是技术调整适应, 另外还要对废水和能源系统的现有材料、空间和机构配置进行大幅重整。研究证明, 这是一个深远的政治进程, 对我们理解水能源关系中的社会技术转型具有重要意义。
Peer Reviewed
2017-11-08
article
doc-type:article
publishedVersion
http://edoc.hu-berlin.de/18452/22309
urn:nbn:de:kobv:11-110-18452/22309-2
http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/21565
10.1177/0042098017735229
eng
http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/
application/pdf
Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
oai:edoc.hu-berlin.de:18452/234932021-04-26T11:42:33Zcom_18452_25col_18452_26ddc:333.7doc-type:articlestatus-type:publishedVersiontextPublicationprimusopen_accessddc:570ddc:330oai:edoc.hu-berlin.de:18452/282102024-02-08T12:52:17Zcom_18452_25col_18452_26ddc:333.7doc-type:articlestatus-type:publishedVersiontextPublicationprimusopen_accessddc:330
Allotments for all? Social–environmental values of urban gardens for gardeners and the public in cities: The example of Berlin, Germany
Haase, Dagmar
Gaeva, Dara
allotment gardens
Berlin
ecosystem services
social–environmental values
urban green space
333.7 Landflächen, Naturräume für Freizeit und Erholung, Naturreservate, Energie
ddc:333
The article processing charge was funded by the Open Access Publication Fund of Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin.
1. Gardens in cities have been the focus of a wider public health debate in Europe's polluted and dense cities, for the elderly and considering the current COVID-19 pandemic. Many cities report rising demand for allotment gardens by people from all age groups including young couples and families. 2. This study aims at quantitatively examining the bundle of ecosystem services provided by allotment gardens in Berlin, Germany. It assesses the values related to those ecosystem services' benefits for gardeners and the wider urban public and compares perceptions of the social–environmental value of allotment gardens by gardeners and non-gardeners. 3. We also compare the frequency of garden visits and the perception of gardens as a crucial element of the urban ecosystem by men and women. We carried out a web-based survey, additionally a part of the questionnaires was handed out in paper form for respondents who did not have internet access. 4. The resulting sample of 466 gardeners and 80 non-gardeners shows that urban allotment gardens play an important role in food production, biodiversity conservation, but also social–environmental interactions. The variety of environmental management practices, such as installation of artificial nests for insects, sowing of special flower mixtures, leaving areas with wild vegetation, use of organic fertilizers, including crop residues, shows that most respondents among gardeners are aware of the methods aimed at maintaining biodiversity and soil fertility in their allotment. The sample's analysis further states that benefits are not only perceived by gardeners but also by non-gardeners. 5. We discuss our findings against the background of the savings and sustainable enhancement of ecosystem services benefits that are created by allotment gardens for all.
European H2020 Research and Innovation
EU Horizon 2020
Peer Reviewed
2023-06-16
article
doc-type:article
publishedVersion
2575-8314
2575-8314
http://edoc.hu-berlin.de/18452/28210
urn:nbn:de:kobv:11-110-18452/28210-1
http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/27556
10.1002/pan3.10488
eng
(CC BY 4.0) Attribution 4.0 International
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
application/pdf
Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
oai:edoc.hu-berlin.de:18452/143312020-03-07T04:32:10Zcom_18452_25col_18452_26ddc:490ddc:333.7textPublicationprimusopen_accessddc:300ddc:330doc-type:bookddc:630
Rubber Cultivation and Livelihood -A Stakeholder Analysis in Xishuangbanna,Southwest China (Chinese version)
橡胶种植的利益相关者及生计分析中国纳板河流域国家级自然保护区
Kinkel, Cornelia
Martin, Friederike
Liebig, Georg
Longanecker, James
Cutler, Joseph
Jardines, Karina Rodriguez
Ohlendorf, Kirstin
Kübke, Laura
Sim, Lay Mei
Larson, Mark
Ridder, Rebecka
Moreno, Sandra I. Cruz
Aenis, Thomas
Hofmann-Souki, Susanne
Nagel, Uwe Jens
Wang, Jue
Liao, Dahai
Aenis, Thomas
Hofmann-Souki, Susanne
Nagel, Uwe Jens
Wang, Jue
Liao, Dahai
Rubber cultivation
Stakeholder Analysis
Livelihood
Xhishuangbanna
Transdisciplinarity
Sustainable land management
490 Andere Sprachen
630 Landwirtschaft und verwandte Bereiche
333.7 Natürliche Ressourcen, Energie, Umwelt
300 Sozialwissenschaften
ddc:490
ddc:630
ddc:333
ddc:300
Übersetzung des Originaltexts in Chinesisch / Mandarin
This study was carried out in collaboration of Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, the China Agriculture University, Beijing, and the Naban River Watershed National Nature Reserve Bureau (NRWNNR) in Xishuanbanna Dai Autonomous Prefecture, Yunnan Province, PR China. The research group is part of the SURUMER Project, which is concerned with sustainable rubber cultivation in the Mekong Region. The report provides the results of a Stakeholder Analysis in the Naban River Watershed National Nature Reserve; case studies in eight villages on current land use, stakeholders’ problems and interests with regard to rubber cultivation, alternatives to rubber cultivation as well as knowledge dissemination and communication networks.
Not Reviewed
2014-03-26
book
doc-type:book
http://edoc.hu-berlin.de/18452/14331
urn:nbn:de:kobv:11-100241995
urn:nbn:de:kobv:11-100216241
http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/13679
eng
http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/
application/pdf
Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Lebenswissenschaftliche Fakultät
oai:edoc.hu-berlin.de:18452/226212023-10-31T04:01:26Zcom_18452_25col_18452_26ddc:333.7doc-type:articletextPublicationprimusopen_accessddc:300status-type:acceptedVersionddc:330
Multilevel Water Governance and Problems of Scale
Setting the Stage for a Broader Debate
Moss, Timothy
Newig, Jens
water management
multilevel governance
problems of scale
rescaling
333.7 Natürliche Resourcen, Energie und Umwelt
300 Sozialwissenschaften
ddc:333
ddc:300
Originally published as: Timothy Moss & Jens Newig (2010) Multilevel Water Governance and Problems of Scale: Setting the Stage for a Broader Debate, Environmental Management, 46:1, 1-6, DOI: 10.1007/s00267-010-9531-1
Environmental governance and management are facing a multiplicity of challenges related to spatial scales and multiple levels of governance. Water management is a field particularly sensitive to issues of scale because the hydrological system with its different scalar levels from small catchments to large river basins plays such a prominent role. It thus exemplifies fundamental issues and dilemmas of scale in modern environmental management and governance. In this introductory article to an Environmental Management special feature on “Multilevel Water Governance: Coping with Problems of Scale,” we delineate our understanding of problems of scale and the dimensions of scalar politics that are central to water resource management. We provide an overview of the contributions to this special feature, concluding with a discussion of how scalar research can usefully challenge conventional wisdom on water resource management. We hope that this discussion of water governance stimulates a broader debate and inquiry relating to the scalar dimensions of environmental governance and management in general.
Peer Reviewed
2010-07-18
article
doc-type:article
acceptedVersion
http://edoc.hu-berlin.de/18452/22621
urn:nbn:de:kobv:11-110-18452/22621-2
http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/21890
1432-1009
10.1007/s00267-010-9531-1
eng
http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/
application/pdf
Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
oai:edoc.hu-berlin.de:18452/226692023-10-31T04:01:31Zcom_18452_25col_18452_26ddc:333.7doc-type:articlestatus-type:publishedVersiontextPublicationprimusopen_accessddc:690ddc:330
Fatalism, Climate Resiliency Training and Farmers’ Adaptation Responses: Implications for Sustainable Rainfed-Wheat Production in Pakistan
Mahmood, Nasir
Arshad, Muhammad
Kaechele, Harald
Shahzad, Muhammad Faisal
Ullah, Ayat
Mueller, Klaus
fatalism
climate-specific extension services
climate-resilient farming
rainfed farming
adaptation
333.7 Natürliche Resourcen, Energie und Umwelt
690 Bau von Gebäuden
ddc:333
ddc:690
Climate change is a severe threat to the agricultural sector in general and to rainfed farming in particular. The aim of this study was to investigate the factors that can potentially affect the adaptation process against climate change. This study focused on wheat farmers and farming systems in the rainfed agroecological zone of Pakistan. Farmers’ data related to climate change fatalism, the availability of climate-specific extension services, socioeconomic and institutional variables, and farm characteristics were collected. A logit model to assess farmers’ decisions to adopt an adaptation measure and a multinomial logit model to assess their choice of various adaptation measures were used. The results showed that fatalistic farmers were unlikely to implement climate change adaptation measures. The variables related to the climate-specific extension services, including farmers’ participation in training on climate-resilient crop farming and the availability of mobile communication-based advisory services, had highly significant and positive impacts on farmers’ decisions and their choice of adaptation measures. Input market access and tractor ownership also had positive and significant impacts on farmers’ decisions to adapt and their choice of adaptation measures. This study highlights the need to improve rainfed-wheat farmers’ education levels to change their fatalistic attitudes towards climate change. Furthermore, government action is needed to provide climate-specific extension services to ensure sustainable production levels that will ultimately lead to food and livelihood security under a changing climate.
Fritz Thyssen Stiftung
Stiftung fiat panis
Peer Reviewed
2020-02-22
article
doc-type:article
publishedVersion
http://edoc.hu-berlin.de/18452/22669
urn:nbn:de:kobv:11-110-18452/22669-4
10.3390/su12041650
http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/21992
2071-1050
eng
(CC BY 4.0) Attribution 4.0 International
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
application/pdf
Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
oai:edoc.hu-berlin.de:18452/264902023-01-10T02:01:47Zcom_18452_25col_18452_26ddc:333.7doc-type:articlestatus-type:publishedVersiontextPublicationprimusopen_accessddc:330
Effects of heat and drought stress on the health status of six urban street tree species in Leipzig, Germany
Haase, Dagmar
Hellwig, Rebecca
Heat
Drought stress
Street trees
Damage
Crown defoliation
Climate change
Mapping
Leipzig
333.7 Landflächen, Naturräume für Freizeit und Erholung, Naturreservate, Energie
ddc:333
This article was supported by the German Research Foundation (DFG) and the Open Access Publication Fund of Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin.
Trees are one of the most important elements of green infrastructure in cities. Climate change is specifically affecting trees in many European cities. Trees are experiencing negative impacts from the increase in heat waves and droughts, both of which begin, in some cases, early in the year and continue through the growing season. Current studies on the regionalization of climate change indicate that important water reservoirs such as soil and tree canopies have been drying out for years/decades, and these impacts can be observed in various parts of Europe. Trees react to stress as they age through mechanisms such as crown defoliation, early wilting, shedding of branches and, ultimately, lowered resistance to pests. As a result, massive tree death, both in park trees and street trees, can be observed in many cities. The present study provides a current inventory of street tree damage caused by heat and drought in the city of Leipzig, Germany, in 2020, the third extreme dry year after 2018 and 2019. The field maps focus on different age groups of Quercus, Tilia, Aesculus, Platanus, Fraxinus and Acer along a periurban-urban gradient. The results are clear: significant damage was found in all tree species. Older trees and newly planted trees are most likely to die as a result of extreme conditions, while younger trees with narrow trunks and crowns that have not yet expanded cope better with both heat and drought. Four out of five mapped street trees showed recognizable damage, indicating severe impacts of climate change on important elements of green infrastructure in cities.
Peer Reviewed
2022-04-25
article
doc-type:article
publishedVersion
http://edoc.hu-berlin.de/18452/26490
urn:nbn:de:kobv:11-110-18452/26490-0
http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/25819
2666-7193
10.1016/j.tfp.2022.100252
eng
(CC BY-NC-ND 4.0) Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
application/pdf
Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
oai:edoc.hu-berlin.de:18452/214632023-10-31T04:01:44Zcom_18452_25col_18452_26ddc:333.7doc-type:articlestatus-type:publishedVersiontextPublicationprimusopen_accessddc:570ddc:330
Design and quality criteria for archetype analysis
Eisenack, Klaus
Villamayor-Tomas, Sergio
Epstein, Graham
Kimmich, Christian
Magliocca, Nicholas
Manuel-Navarrete, David
Oberlack, Christoph
Roggero, Matteo
Sietz, Diana
abstraction
archetype analysis
generalization
ideographic trap
interdisciplinary collaboration
panacea
pattern
research design
social-ecological systems
qualitative
quantitative
validity
333.7 Natürliche Resourcen, Energie und Umwelt
570 Biologie
ddc:333
ddc:570
This article was supported by the German Research Foundation (DFG) and the Open Access Publication Fund of Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin.
A key challenge in addressing the global degradation of natural resources and the environment is to effectively transfer successful strategies across heterogeneous contexts. Archetype analysis is a particularly salient approach in this regard that helps researchers to understand and compare patterns of (un)sustainability in heterogeneous cases. Archetype analysis avoids traps of overgeneralization and ideography by identifying reappearing but nonuniversal patterns that hold for well-defined subsets of cases. It can be applied by researchers working in inter- or transdisciplinary settings to study sustainability issues from a broad range of theoretical and methodological standpoints. However, there is still an urgent need for quality standards to guide the design of theoretically rigorous and practically useful archetype analyses. To this end, we propose four quality criteria and corresponding research strategies to address them: (1) specify the domain of validity for each archetype, (2) ensure that archetypes can be combined to characterize single cases, (3) explicitly navigate levels of abstraction, and (4) obtain a fit between attribute configurations, theories, and empirical domains of validity. These criteria are based on a stocktaking of current methodological challenges in archetypes research, including: to demonstrate the validity of the analysis, delineate boundaries of archetypes, and select appropriate attributes to define them. We thus contribute to a better common understanding of the approach and to the improvement of the research design of future archetype analyses.
Peer Reviewed
2019
article
doc-type:article
publishedVersion
http://edoc.hu-berlin.de/18452/21463
urn:nbn:de:kobv:11-110-18452/21463-0
http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/20648
1708-3087
10.5751/ES-10855-240306
eng
(CC BY 4.0) Attribution 4.0 International
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
application/pdf
Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
oai:edoc.hu-berlin.de:18452/242622023-10-31T04:01:49Zcom_18452_25col_18452_26ddc:333.7doc-type:articlestatus-type:publishedVersiontextPublicationprimusopen_accessddc:330
Understanding Business Environments and Success Factors for Emerging Bioeconomy Enterprises through a Comprehensive Analytical Framework
Adamseged, Muluken Elias
Grundmann, Philipp
biobased business
business environment
bioeconomy
capacity development
333.7 Landflächen, Naturräume für Freizeit und Erholung, Naturreservate, Energie
ddc:333
The development toward the bioeconomy requires, among others, generating and institutionalizing knowledge that contributes to technical and nontechnical inventions and innovations. Efforts to support innovation are often linked with the development of business models that facilitate the development in bioeconomy. However, the interdependences between the business models and their business environments are not sufficiently well understood in a way where misalignments that can obstruct the development can be dealt with adequately. Given this lacuna, this research aims to contribute to the development of a comprehensive analytical framework for better understanding the conditions of business environment as well as empirically apply the framework in an empirical study on cases of bioeconomy enterprises in Europe. In this paper, a comprehensive business environment framework is developed and applied for analyzing over 80 cases, thereby allowing for critical action arenas and crucial success factors to be identified. The findings are derived from a systematic application of the framework to relevant action arenas for business development: institutional development, technology and knowledge, consumers’ agency, market structure, funding, resource and infrastructure, and training and education. The results show that businesses in the bioeconomy, unlike other businesses, have to deal with more and very specific constraining legislative issues, infant and non-adapted technology and knowledge, as well as unclear values and perceptions of consumers. Due to this, businesses have to develop new forms of cooperation with different stakeholders. Successful businesses are characterized by the fact that they develop specific strategies, steering structures, and processes with a particular focus on learning and innovation to overcome misalignments between the business environment and their business models. Focusing efforts on learning and innovation in institutional development, technology and knowledge, consumers’ agency, and funding are especially promising as these turned out to be particularly critical and in particular need of institutional alignment for reducing different kinds of transaction costs in the development of bioeconomy.
Peer Reviewed
2020-10-30
article
doc-type:article
publishedVersion
http://edoc.hu-berlin.de/18452/24262
urn:nbn:de:kobv:11-110-18452/24262-9
10.3390/su12219018
http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/23605
2071-1050
eng
(CC BY 4.0) Attribution 4.0 International
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
application/pdf
Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
oai:edoc.hu-berlin.de:18452/235552021-05-21T03:14:10Zcom_18452_25col_18452_26ddc:333.7doc-type:articlestatus-type:publishedVersiontextPublicationprimusopen_accessddc:690ddc:330
The Ambiguities of “Sustainable” Berlin
Kalandides, Ares
Grésillon, Boris
Berlin
city marketing
sustainability
green city
smart city
urban development
destination marketing
333.7 Natürliche Resourcen, Energie und Umwelt
690 Bau von Gebäuden
ddc:333
ddc:690
City marketing has a strong tradition in Berlin, with two organizations, Berlin Partner and Visit Berlin, responsible for designing and implementing relevant strategies. Sustainability has been on and off the city marketing agenda, almost exclusively in its environmental dimension. In this article, we examine the current representations of Berlin as a “sustainable city” in the official city marketing strategies. We look at how sustainability is used and instrumentalized to create a specific city profile and also to attract particular target groups in tourism. We propose an analysis of sustainable planning in Berlin since reunification to show how it has moved into different directions over time and how this has (or has not) been followed by city marketing. In this endeavor, we move between the existing, and as we argue deeper and more sophisticated, environmental planning of the city on one hand, and the reductions and simplifications of city marketing representations on the other. Finally, we argue that there are inherent contradictions in marketing a sustainable city, where both in terms of tourism and economic development, the concept of growth seems to be reaching environmental limits.
Peer Reviewed
2021-02-04
article
doc-type:article
publishedVersion
http://edoc.hu-berlin.de/18452/23555
urn:nbn:de:kobv:11-110-18452/23555-3
10.3390/su13041666
http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/22893
2071-1050
eng
(CC BY 4.0) Attribution 4.0 International
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
application/pdf
Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
oai:edoc.hu-berlin.de:18452/142772020-03-07T04:31:56Zcom_18452_25col_18452_26doc-type:reportddc:650ddc:333.7ddc:004textPublicationprimusopen_accessddc:330ddc:600ddc:500ddc:620
Behandlung der Energiewende auf der Basis eines 4-Ebenen-Modells
Weller, Wolfgang
Erneuerbare Energien
Energiewende
energieautarke Inselnetze
Stromnetze
Stromautobahnen
Bürgernetze
004 Informatik
620 Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten
650 Management und unterstützende Tätigkeiten
333.7 Natürliche Ressourcen, Energie, Umwelt
500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik
600 Technik und Technologie
330 Wirtschaft
ddc:004
ddc:620
ddc:650
ddc:333
ddc:500
ddc:600
ddc:330
Der mit der Energiewende eingeleitete Umstieg auf die Verwertung von Energien aus regenerativen Quellen führt zu einem ganzen Bündel von Maßnahmen, die nur noch schwer zu überschauen und somit auch zu koordinieren sind. Zur besseren Beherrschung dieser Komplexität wird im vorliegenden Beitrag ein 4-Schichten-Modell vorgestellt, dem eine systemorientierte Betrachtungsweise zugrunde liegt. Die Verwendung dieses Modells bietet die Möglichkeit, den Gesamtkomplex in relativ eigenständige Teilbereiche aufzugliedern und die zwischen ihnen bestehenden Wirkbeziehungen aufzudecken. Der Nutzen besteht vor allem in der verbesserten Übersichtlichkeit und Transparenz der bestehenden Zusammenhänge, der Möglichkeit einer weitgehend separaten Behandlung der Teilsysteme sowie auch der klaren Zuordnung der jeweiligen Zuständigkeiten.
Not Reviewed
2015-03-15
report
doc-type:report
http://edoc.hu-berlin.de/18452/14277
urn:nbn:de:kobv:11-100230483
http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/13625
ger
http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/
application/pdf
Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Fakultät I
oai:edoc.hu-berlin.de:18452/274962023-10-31T04:01:52Zcom_18452_25col_18452_26ddc:333.7doc-type:articlestatus-type:publishedVersiontextPublicationprimusopen_accessddc:330
Attitudes of administrative decision-makers towards nature-based solutions for flood risk management in Germany
Tafel, Leopold
Ott, Edward
Brillinger, Mario
Schulze, Christoph
Schröter, Barbara
Q-methodology
Dike relocation
Floodplain restoration
Natural water retention measures
Saxony-Anhalt
Authorities
333.7 Landflächen, Naturräume für Freizeit und Erholung, Naturreservate, Energie
ddc:333
Over the last two decades, alternative and holistic concepts, such as Nature-based Solutions (NbS) were introduced and adopted by policy-makers, including to the field of flood protection, thereby causing a paradigm shift towards flood risk management. The inclusion of natural water retention measures (NWRM) such as dike relocation and floodplain restoration into the German guidelines for flood protection institutionalized the new concepts in Germany. Whereas small scale NbS and the affected population have already been subject to thorough scientific research, large-scale NbS and the decision-makers assigned with the measure’s implementation have yet to be studied. How do administrative decision-makers perceive the new approach and measures? Are there particular attitudes among the decision-makers regarding NbS? Which aspects of implementing large-scale NbS influence possible attitudes? Which hurdles do decision-makers concern for the implementation of the new concepts? This paper investigates these questions on the example of dike relocation and floodplain restoration using Q-methodology with administrative decision-makers of flood protection authorities in the German state of Saxony-Anhalt. The consecutive statistical analysis unveiled three significant viewpoints among the decision-makers. The viewpoints/attitudes were classified as 1. The Convinced, 2. The Concerned and, 3. The Evaluators, defined by varying and individual concerns on the implementation of dike relocation and floodplain restoration. Hereby, this study delivers insights on large-scale NbS as well as on the issues of their implementation.
Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung
http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100002347
Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin (1034)
Peer Reviewed
2021-12-17
article
doc-type:article
publishedVersion
1862-4065
http://edoc.hu-berlin.de/18452/27496
urn:nbn:de:kobv:11-110-18452/27496-2
10.1007/s11625-021-01072-0
http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/26803
1862-4057
eng
(CC BY 4.0) Attribution 4.0 International
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
application/pdf
Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
oai:edoc.hu-berlin.de:18452/29492020-03-07T04:02:36Zcom_18452_49com_18452_45com_18452_5col_18452_60ddc:333.7doc-type:bookParttextPublicationprimusopen_accessddc:020ddc:330
Auf dem Weg zur 2000-Watt-Gesellschaft
Schweizer Standards und ihre Umsetzung in nachhaltigen Bibliotheksbauprojekten
Schelling, Tobias
Hauke, Petra
Latimer, Karen
Werner, Klaus
Bibliothek
Nachhaltigkeit
Ökologie
Bauwesen
020 Bibliotheks- und Informationswissenschaften
333.7 Natürliche Ressourcen, Energie, Umwelt
ddc:020
ddc:333
Dieser Beitrag gibt einen kurzen Überblick über die Geschichte des nachhaltigen Bauens in der Schweiz. Der Diskurs zu einer nachhaltigen Entwicklung, zu einer nachhaltigen Gesellschaft setzte in der Schweiz wie anderswo als Folge von internationalen Entwicklungen und Anstößen ein (Club of Rome, Kyoto-Protokoll etc.). In der Schweiz entwickelte sich die Vision der 2000-Watt-Gesellschaft. Dabei handelt es sich um einen holistischen Ansatz, der nebst dem Gebäudebereich weitere Handlungsfelder zum bewussten und schonenden Umgang mit den Energieressourcen beinhaltet (Mobilität, Raumplanung, Konsum etc.). Der Beitrag fokussiert jedoch auf die Entwicklung von Standards im Gebäudebereich und zeigt, wie diese Standards und energetische Vorschriften in drei Bibliotheksbauprojekten konkret umgesetzt wurden.
This article gives a short overview of the history of sustainable building in Switzerland. The discourse on sustainable development and a sustainable society started in Switzerland like elsewhere as a consequence of international developments and impetus (Club of Rome, Kyoto Protocol etc.). In Switzerland the vision of a so-called "2000-Watt Society" evolved. This is a holistic approach which involved – besides building issues – more fields of activity regarding the sensible and respectful handling of energy resources (mobility, city and regional planning, consumption etc.). The paper focuses on the development of building standards and shows how these standards and energy directives were realized in three different library building projects.
2015-10-01
bookPart
doc-type:bookPart
http://edoc.hu-berlin.de/18452/2949
urn:nbn:de:kobv:11-100232629
http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/2297
ger
http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/
application/pdf
Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Philosophische Fakultät I, Institut für Bibliotheks- und Informationswissenschaft
oai:edoc.hu-berlin.de:18452/282262023-10-31T04:01:55Zcom_18452_25col_18452_26ddc:333.7doc-type:articlestatus-type:publishedVersiontextPublicationprimusopen_accessddc:020ddc:330
Hypotheses in urban ecology: building a common knowledge base
Lokatis, Sophie
Jeschke, Jonathan M.
Bernard‐Verdier, Maud
Buchholz, Sascha
Grossart, Hans‐Peter
Havemann, Frank
Hölker, Franz
Itescu, Yuval
Kowarik, Ingo
Kramer‐Schadt, Stephanie
Mietchen, Daniel
Musseau, Camille L.
Planillo, Aimara
Schittko, Conrad
Straka, Tanja M.
Heger, Tina
conceptual network
ecological theory
hypothesis network
knowledge visualisation
map of science
research synthesis
urban biology
Wikidata
020 Bibliotheks- und Informationswissenschaften
333.7 Landflächen, Naturräume für Freizeit und Erholung, Naturreservate, Energie
ddc:020
ddc:333
Urban ecology is a rapidly growing research field that has to keep pace with the pressing need to tackle the sustainability crisis. As an inherently multi-disciplinary field with close ties to practitioners and administrators, research synthesis and knowledge transfer between those different stakeholders is crucial. Knowledge maps can enhance knowledge transfer and provide orientation to researchers as well as practitioners. A promising option for developing such knowledge maps is to create hypothesis networks, which structure existing hypotheses and aggregate them according to topics and research aims. Combining expert knowledge with information from the literature, we here identify 62 research hypotheses used in urban ecology and link them in such a network. Our network clusters hypotheses into four distinct themes: (i) Urban species traits & evolution, (ii) Urban biotic communities, (iii) Urban habitats and (iv) Urban ecosystems. We discuss the potentials and limitations of this approach. All information is openly provided as part of an extendable Wikidata project, and we invite researchers, practitioners and others interested in urban ecology to contribute additional hypotheses, as well as comment and add to the existing ones. The hypothesis network and Wikidata project form a first step towards a knowledge base for urban ecology, which can be expanded and curated to benefit both practitioners and researchers.
Studienstiftung des deutschen Volkes
http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100004350
Bridging in Biodiversity Science – BIBS
VolkswagenStiftung
http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100001663
Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft DFG
Alexander von Humboldt Foundation
http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100005156
Peer Reviewed
2023-04-18
article
doc-type:article
publishedVersion
1464-7931
1469-185X
http://edoc.hu-berlin.de/18452/28226
urn:nbn:de:kobv:11-110-18452/28226-2
10.1111/brv.12964
http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/27572
eng
(CC BY 4.0) Attribution 4.0 International
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
application/pdf
Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
oai:edoc.hu-berlin.de:18452/243032023-10-31T04:01:56Zcom_18452_25col_18452_26ddc:333.7doc-type:articlestatus-type:publishedVersiontextPublicationprimusopen_accessddc:330
Ecosystem Services of Urban Agriculture: Perceptions of Project Leaders, Stakeholders and the General Public
Sanyé-Mengual, Esther
Specht, Kathrin
Vavra, Jan
Artmann, Martina
Orsini, Francesco
Gianquinto, Giorgio
ES valuation
urban food system
urban sustainability
urban farm
urban food supply
multifunctionality
natural capital
333.7 Landflächen, Naturräume für Freizeit und Erholung, Naturreservate, Energie
ddc:333
Within the scholarly debate, Urban Agriculture (UA) has been widely acknowledged to provide diverse environmental and socio-cultural ecosystem services (ESs) for cities. However, the question of whether these potential benefits are also recognized as such by the involved societal groups on the ground has not yet been investigated. This paper aims at (1) assessing the perceived ESs of UA, comparing the views of different societal groups in the city of Bologna, Italy (namely: UA project leaders, stakeholders and the general public) and (2) to identify differences in the evaluation of specific UA types (indoor farming, high-tech greenhouses, peri-urban farms, community-supported agriculture, community rooftop garden and urban co-op). In total, 406 individuals evaluated 25 ESs via a standardized Likert-scale survey. The study unveiled similarities and divergences of perceptions among the different societal groups. The statistical analysis indicated that the general public and UA stakeholders agree on the high relevance of socio-cultural ESs, while provisioning ESs was considered as less significant. UA types focusing on social innovation were expected to provide higher socio-cultural ESs whereas peri-urban activities were more closely linked to habitat ESs. We assume that involvement and knowledge of UA are determining factors for valuing the provision of ESs through UA, which needs to be considered for ES valuation, particularly in a policymaking context.
Horizon 2020 Framework Programme
Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft
Peer Reviewed
2020-12-14
article
doc-type:article
publishedVersion
http://edoc.hu-berlin.de/18452/24303
urn:nbn:de:kobv:11-110-18452/24303-6
10.3390/su122410446
http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/23637
2071-1050
eng
(CC BY 4.0) Attribution 4.0 International
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
application/pdf
Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
oai:edoc.hu-berlin.de:18452/263412023-01-03T14:27:11Zcom_18452_25col_18452_26ddc:333.7doc-type:articlestatus-type:publishedVersiontextPublicationprimusopen_accessddc:330
Not at the table but stuck paying the bill: perceptions of injustice in China’s Xin’anjiang ecocompensation program
Jiang, Xinhui
Eaton, Sarah
Kostka, Genia
eco-compensation
environmental politics
PES
environmental justice
China
333.7 Landflächen, Naturräume für Freizeit und Erholung, Naturreservate, Energie
ddc:333
This article was supported by the German Research Foundation (DFG) and the Open Access Publication Fund of Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin.
A growing body of research highlights the decisive role that justice claims play in creating sustainable payment for ecosystem services (PES) programs. Employing Sikor et al.’s approach to the study of justice claims in ecosystem governance along three dimensions—distribution, procedure and recognition—we study the negotiation process behind China’s flagship interprovincial PES agreement: the Xin’anjiang River eco-compensation agreement between Huangshan (Anhui province) and Hangzhou (Zhejiang province) prefectures. We find that divergent claims between stakeholders on matters of distributive and procedural justice undercut one party’s commitment to the agreement. Local officials in the upstream locality (Huangshan) see themselves as having been disadvantaged in both procedural and distributive aspects of negotiation. They claim to have been insufficiently included in a bargaining process that involved not only the downstream locality (Hangzhou) but also the central government. Huangshan stakeholders also see themselves as largely excluded from the benefits of cleaner water and bearing too much of the pollution abatement cost. For their part, Hangzhou stakeholders have advanced a ‘polluters pay’ view of distributive justice and found partial support for this claim from Beijing. Our findings suggest that attending to environmental justice considerations should be given top priority in China’s design of PES schemes.
Peer Reviewed
2021-11-25
article
doc-type:article
publishedVersion
1522-7200
http://edoc.hu-berlin.de/18452/26341
urn:nbn:de:kobv:11-110-18452/26341-9
http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/25659
10.1080/1523908X.2021.2008233
eng
(CC BY-NC-ND 4.0) Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
application/pdf
Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
oai:edoc.hu-berlin.de:18452/239272023-10-31T04:02:06Zcom_18452_25col_18452_26ddc:333.7doc-type:articlestatus-type:publishedVersiontextPublicationprimusopen_accessddc:330
Adaptive Governance and Resilience Capacity of Farms: The Fit Between Farmers’ Decisions and Agricultural Policies
Manevska-Tasevska, Gordana
Petitt, Andrea
Larsson, Sara
Bimbilovski, Ivan
Meuwissen, Miranda
Feindt, Peter H.
Urquhart, Julie
CAP
Sweden
resilience capacity
farms
adaptive governance
333.7 Landflächen, Naturräume für Freizeit und Erholung, Naturreservate, Energie
ddc:333
Greater resilience is needed for farms to deal with shocks and disturbances originating from economic, environmental, social and institutional challenges, with resilience achieved by adequate adaptive governance. This study focuses on the resilience capacity of farms in the context of multi-level adaptive governance. We define adaptive governance as adjustments in decision-making processes at farm level and policy level, through changes in management practices and policies in response to identified challenges and the delivery of desired functions (e.g. private and public goods) to be attained. The aim of the study is twofold. First, we investigate how adaptive governance processes at farm level and policy level influence the resilience capacity of farms in terms of robustness, adaptability and transformability. Second, we investigate the “fit” between the adaptive governance processes at farm level and policy level to enable resilience. We study primary egg and broiler production in Sweden taking into consideration economic, social and environmental challenges. We use semi-structured interviews with 17 farmers to explain the adaptive processes at farm level and an analysis of policy documents from the Common Agricultural Policy program 2014–2020, to explain the intervention actions taken by the Common Agricultural Policy. Results show that neither the farm level nor policy level adaptive processes on their own have the capacity to fully enable farms to be robust, adaptable and transformable. While farm level adaptive processes are mainly directed toward securing the robustness and adaptability of farms, policy level interventions are targeted at enabling adaptability. The farm- and the policy level adaptive processes do not “fit” for attaining robustness and transformability.
Peer Reviewed
2021-06-14
article
doc-type:article
publishedVersion
http://edoc.hu-berlin.de/18452/23927
urn:nbn:de:kobv:11-110-18452/23927-4
10.3389/fenvs.2021.668836
http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/23317
2296-665X
eng
(CC BY 4.0) Attribution 4.0 International
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
application/pdf
Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
oai:edoc.hu-berlin.de:18452/236512023-10-31T04:02:08Zcom_18452_25col_18452_26ddc:333.7doc-type:articlestatus-type:publishedVersiontextPublicationprimusopen_accessddc:330
Virtual Exchange to Develop Cultural, Language, and Digital Competencies
Machwate, Said
Bendaoud, Rachid
Henze, Jürgen
Berrada, Khalid
Burgos, Daniel
online learning
virtual exchange model
cultural skills
digital skills
language skills
telecollaboration
333.7 Natürliche Resourcen, Energie und Umwelt
ddc:333
Many researchers have underlined the benefits of student mobility in strengthening their communication skills. Studying a foreign language and fostering knowledge about behavioural attitudes are the most common research cases. One of the major issues of mobility, by its very nature, is that it implies significant travel and accommodation costs. Virtual mobility, or Virtual Exchange (VE), can be introduced as a proactive alternative solution. This work presents an evaluation of a telecollaborative online course model organised as a VE between German and Moroccan universities. It was established to explore the benefits of integrating a VE experience by practicing some 21st-century knowledge elements as tools for the development of intercultural, language, and digital competencies from the perspective of mobility. In this paper, we present a VE model and its design, structure, and progress. Then, we evaluate this first experience to overcome some challenges that similar future experiences could face. We analyse the tools proposed in this design, the interactions between the different actors, and their feedback. The evaluative study shows the acquisition of awareness of cultural differences and the improvement of language skills through practice in addition to the development of some digital skills
Peer Reviewed
2021-05-24
article
doc-type:article
publishedVersion
http://edoc.hu-berlin.de/18452/23651
urn:nbn:de:kobv:11-110-18452/23651-5
10.3390/su13115926
http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/22984
2071-1050
ger
(CC BY 4.0) Attribution 4.0 International
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
application/pdf
Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
oai:edoc.hu-berlin.de:18452/253752023-10-31T04:02:10Zcom_18452_25col_18452_26ddc:333.7doc-type:articlestatus-type:publishedVersiontextPublicationprimusopen_accessddc:330
Do Electric Vehicles Mitigate Urban Heat? The Case of a Tropical City
Mussetti, Gianluca
Davin, Edouard
Schwaab, Jonas
Acero, Juan Angel
Ivanchev, Jordan
Singh, Vivek Kumar
Jin, Luxi
Seneviratne, Sonia
urban climate
electric vehicles
heat mitigation
urban heat island
Singapore
333.7 Landflächen, Naturräume für Freizeit und Erholung, Naturreservate, Energie
ddc:333
On top of their well known positive impact on air quality and CO2 emissions, electric vehicles generate less exhaust heat compared to traditional vehicles thanks to their high engine efficiency. As such, electric vehicles have the potential to mitigate the excessive heat in urban areas—a problem which has been exacerbated due to urbanisation and climate change. Still, the heat mitigation potential of electric vehicles has not been fully understood. Here, we combine high-resolution traffic heat emission inventories with an urban climate model to simulate the impact of the fleet electrification to the near-surface air temperature in the tropical city of Singapore. We show that a full replacement of traditional internal combustion engine vehicles with electric vehicles reduces the near-surface air temperature by up to 0.6°C. The heat mitigation potential is highest during the morning traffic peak and over areas with the largest traffic density. Interestingly, the reduction in exhaust heat emissions due to the fleet electrification during the evening traffic peak hardly leads to a reduction of near-surface air-temperatures, which is attributed to the different atmospheric conditions during morning and evening. This study presents a new quantification of the city-wide impact of electric vehicles on the air temperature in a tropical urban area. The results may support policy-makers toward designing holistic solutions to address the challenge of climate change adaptation and mitigation in cities.
Peer Reviewed
2022-02-18
article
doc-type:article
publishedVersion
http://edoc.hu-berlin.de/18452/25375
urn:nbn:de:kobv:11-110-18452/25375-4
10.3389/fenvs.2022.810342
http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/24715
2296-665X
eng
(CC BY 4.0) Attribution 4.0 International
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
application/pdf
Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
oai:edoc.hu-berlin.de:18452/252152023-10-31T04:02:19Zcom_18452_25col_18452_26ddc:333.7doc-type:articlestatus-type:publishedVersiontextPublicationprimusopen_accessddc:330
SMART Research: Toward Interdisciplinary River Science in Europe
Serlet, Alyssa J.
López Moreira Mazacotte, Gregorio Alejandro
Zolezzi, Guido
Wharton, Geraldene
Hölker, Franz
Gurnell, Angela M.
Tockner, Klement
Bertoldi, Walter
Bruno, Maria Cristina
Jähnig, Sonja C.
Lewandowski, Jörg
Monaghan, Michael T.
Rillig, Matthias
Rogato, Marina
Toffolon, Marco
Veresoglou, Stavros
Zarfl, Christiane
river science
doctoral training
interdisciplinary training
international collaboration and mobility
science for management
333.7 Landflächen, Naturräume für Freizeit und Erholung, Naturreservate, Energie
ddc:333
Interdisciplinary science is rapidly advancing to address complex human-environment interactions. River science aims to provide the methods and knowledge required to sustainably manage some of the planet’s most important and vulnerable ecosystems; and there is a clear need for river managers and scientists to be trained within an interdisciplinary approach. However, despite the science community’s recognition of the importance of interdisciplinary training, there are few studies examining interdisciplinary graduate programs, especially in science and engineering. Here we assess and reflect on the contribution of a 9-year European doctoral program in river science: ‘Science for MAnagement of Rivers and their Tidal Systems’ Erasmus Mundus Joint Doctorate (SMART EMJD). The program trained a new generation of 36 early career scientists under the supervision of 34 international experts from different disciplinary and interdisciplinary research fields focusing on river systems, aiming to transcend the boundaries between disciplines and between science and management. We analyzed the three core facets of the SMART program, namely: (1) interdisciplinarity, (2) internationalism, and (3) management-oriented science. We reviewed the contents of doctoral theses and publications and synthesized the outcomes of two questionnaire surveys conducted with doctoral candidates and supervisors. A high percentage of the scientific outputs (80%) were interdisciplinary. There was evidence of active collaboration between different teams of doctoral candidates and supervisors, in terms of joint publications (5 papers out of the 69 analyzed) but this was understandably quite limited given the other demands of the program. We found evidence to contradict the perception that interdisciplinarity is a barrier to career success as employment rates were high (97%) and achieved very soon after the defense, both in academia (50%) and the private/public sector (50%) with a strong international dimension. Despite management-oriented research being a limited (9%) portion of the ensemble of theses, employment in management was higher (22%). The SMART program also increased the network of international collaborations for doctoral candidates and supervisors. Reflections on doctoral training programs like SMART contribute to debates around research training and the career opportunities of interdisciplinary scientists.
Peer Reviewed
2020-05-29
article
doc-type:article
publishedVersion
http://edoc.hu-berlin.de/18452/25215
urn:nbn:de:kobv:11-110-18452/25215-4
10.3389/fenvs.2020.00063
http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/24545
2296-665X
eng
(CC BY 4.0) Attribution 4.0 International
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
application/pdf
Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
oai:edoc.hu-berlin.de:18452/268832023-10-31T04:02:22Zcom_18452_25col_18452_26ddc:333.7doc-type:articlestatus-type:publishedVersiontextPublicationprimusopen_accessddc:330
Understanding spatial patterns of poaching pressure using ranger logbook data to optimize future patrolling strategies
Ghoddousi, Arash
Van Cayzeele, Corinna
Negahdar, Pegah
Kh Hamidi, Amirhossein
Bleyhl, Benjamin
Fandos, Guillermo
Khorozyan, Igor
Waltert, Matthias
Kuemmerle, Tobias
illegal hunting
large herbivores
megafauna
occupancy modeling
patrolling optimization
protected area
rangers
ungulates
333.7 Landflächen, Naturräume für Freizeit und Erholung, Naturreservate, Energie
ddc:333
Poaching is driving many species toward extinction, and as a result, lowering poaching pressure is a conservation priority. This requires understanding where poaching pressure is high and which factors determine these spatial patterns. However, the cryptic and illegal nature of poaching makes this difficult. Ranger patrol data, typically recorded in protected area logbooks, contain information on patrolling efforts and poaching detection and should thus provide opportunities for a better understanding of poaching pressure. However, these data are seldom analyzed and rarely used to inform adaptive management strategies. We developed a novel approach to making use of analog logbook records to map poaching pressure and to test environmental criminology and predator–prey relationship hypotheses explaining poaching patterns. We showcase this approach for Golestan National Park in Iran, where poaching has substantially depleted ungulate populations. We digitized data from >4800 ranger patrols from 2014 to 2016 and used an occupancy modeling framework to relate poaching to (1) accessibility, (2) law enforcement, and (3) prey availability factors. Based on predicted poaching pressure and patrolling intensity, we provide suggestions for future patrol allocation strategies. Our results revealed a low probability (12%) of poacher detection during patrols. Poaching distribution was best explained by prey availability, indicating that poachers target areas with high concentrations of ungulates. Poaching pressure was estimated to be high (>0.49) in 39% of our study area. To alleviate poaching pressure, we recommend ramping up patrolling intensity in 12% of the national park, which could be achievable by reducing excess patrols in about 20% of the park. However, our results suggest that for 27% of the park, it is necessary to improve patrolling quality to increase detection probability of poaching, for example, by closing temporal patrolling gaps or expanding informant networks. Our approach illustrates that analog ranger logbooks are an untapped resource for evidence-based and adaptive planning of protected area management. Using this wealth of data can open up new avenues to better understand poaching and its determinants, to expand effectiveness assessments to the past, and, more generally, to allow for strategic conservation planning in protected areas.
Peer Reviewed
2022-04-02
article
doc-type:article
publishedVersion
http://edoc.hu-berlin.de/18452/26883
urn:nbn:de:kobv:11-110-18452/26883-2
http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/26199
1939-5582
10.1002/eap.2601
eng
(CC BY 4.0) Attribution 4.0 International
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
application/pdf
Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
oai:edoc.hu-berlin.de:18452/236012023-10-31T04:02:23Zcom_18452_25col_18452_26ddc:333.7doc-type:articlestatus-type:publishedVersiontextPublicationprimusopen_accessddc:330
Structure of Urban Landscape and Surface Temperature: A Case Study in Philadelphia, PA
Mitz, Erik
Kremer, Peleg
Larondelle, Neele
Stewart, Justin
urban landscape
urban surface temperature
STURLA
urban structure
city comparison
333.7 Natürliche Resourcen, Energie und Umwelt
ddc:333
Discerning the relationship between urban structure and function is crucial for sustainable city planning and requires examination of how components in urban systems are organized in three-dimensional space. The Structure of Urban Landscape (STURLA) classification accounts for the compositional complexity of urban landcover structures including the built and natural environment. Building on previous research, we develop a STURLA classification for Philadelphia, PA and study the relationship between urban structure and land surface temperature. We evaluate the results in Philadelphia as compared to previous case studies in Berlin, Germany and New York City, United States. In Philadelphia, STURLA classes hosted ST that were unique and significantly different as compared to all other classes. We find a similar distribution of STURLA class composition across the three cities, though NYC and Berlin showed strong correlation with each other but not with Philadelphia. Our research highlights the use of STURLA classification to capture a physical property of the urban landscape.
Peer Reviewed
2021-03-10
article
doc-type:article
publishedVersion
http://edoc.hu-berlin.de/18452/23601
urn:nbn:de:kobv:11-110-18452/23601-6
10.3389/fenvs.2021.592716
http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/22926
2296-665X
eng
(CC BY 4.0) Attribution 4.0 International
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
application/pdf
Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
oai:edoc.hu-berlin.de:18452/204232023-10-31T04:02:25Zcom_18452_25col_18452_26ddc:333.7doc-type:articlestatus-type:publishedVersiontextPublicationprimusopen_accessddc:330
Canopy mortality has doubled in Europe’s temperate forests over the last three decades
Senf, Cornelius
Pflugmacher, Dirk
Zhiqiang, Yang
Sebald, Julius
Knorn, Jan
Neumann, Mathias
Hostert, Patrick
Seidl, Rupert
333.7 Natürliche Resourcen, Energie und Umwelt
ddc:333
This article was supported by the German Research Foundation (DFG) and the Open Access Publication Fund of Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin.
Mortality is a key indicator of forest health, and increasing mortality can serve as bellwether for the impacts of global change on forest ecosystems. Here we analyze trends in forest canopy mortality between 1984 and 2016 over more than 30 Mill. ha of temperate forests in Europe, based on a unique dataset of 24,000 visually interpreted spectral trajectories from the Landsat archive. On average, 0.79% of the forest area was affected by natural or human-induced mortality annually. Canopy mortality increased by +2.40% year–1, doubling the forest area affected by mortality since 1984. Areas experiencing low-severity mortality increased more strongly than areas affected by stand-replacing mortality events. Changes in climate and land-use are likely causes of large-scale forest mortality increase. Our findings reveal profound changes in recent forest dynamics with important implications for carbon storage and biodiversity conservation, highlighting the importance of improved monitoring of forest mortality.
Peer Reviewed
2018-11-26
article
doc-type:article
publishedVersion
2041-1723
http://edoc.hu-berlin.de/18452/20423
urn:nbn:de:kobv:11-110-18452/20423-1
http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/19647
BV045282617
10.1038/s41467-018-07539-6
eng
(CC BY 4.0) Attribution 4.0 International
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
application/pdf
Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
oai:edoc.hu-berlin.de:18452/228442023-10-31T04:02:27Zcom_18452_1col_18452_2ddc:530ddc:333.7textPublicationddc:150open_accessdoc-type:doctoralThesisddc:300ddc:330
Heuristic Decision Making in World Earth Models
Kolb, Jakob J.
Kurths, Juergen
Winkelmann, Ricarda
Ives, Matthew
Statistische Physik
Heuristische Entscheidungsfindung
Volkswirtschaftslehre
Agenten-Basierte Modellierung
Statistical Physics
Agent-Based Modelling
Heuristic Decision Making
Complexity Economics
530 Physik
333.7 Natürliche Resourcen, Energie und Umwelt
153 Kognitive Prozesse und Intelligenz
303 Soziale Prozesse
ddc:530
ddc:333
ddc:153
ddc:303
Die Dynamik des Erdsystems im Anthropozän wird durch eine zunehmende Verschränkung von Prozessen auf physikalischer und ökologischer sowie auf sozioökonomischer Ebene bestimmt. Wenn Modelle als Entscheidungshilfen in diesem Umfeld nützlich sein sollen, müssen sie diese komplexen Rückkopplungen ebenso berücksichtigen wie die inhärent emergenten und heterogenen Qualitäten gesellschaftlicher Dynamik. Diese Arbeit schlägt vor, den Menschen als begrenzten rationalen Entscheidungsträger zu modellieren, die (soziales) Lernen nutzen, um Entscheidungsheuristiken zu erwerben, die in einer gegebenen Umgebung gut funktionieren. Dies wird in einem Wirtschaftsmodell mit zwei Sektoren veranschaulicht, in dem ein Sektor eine fossile Ressource für die wirtschaftliche Produktion verwendet und die Haushalte ihre Investitionsentscheidungen in der zuvor beschriebenen Weise treffen. In der Modellökonomie können individuelle Entscheidungsfindung und soziale Dynamik die CO 2 Emissionen nicht auf ein Niveau begrenzen, das eine globale Erwärmung über 1,5◦C verhindert. Eine Kombination aus kollektivem Handeln und koordinierter öffentlicher Politik allerdings kann. Eine Folgestudie analysiert das soziale Lernen der individuellen Sparquoten in einer Ein-Sektor-Wirtschaft. Hier nähert sich die aggregierte Sparquote der eines intertemporär optimierenden allwissenden Sozialen Planers an, wenn die soziale Interaktionsrate ausreichend niedrig ist. Gleichzeitig führt eine abnehmende Interaktionsrate einem plötzlichen Übergangs von einer unimodalen zu einer stark bimodalen Verteilung des Vermögens unter den Haushalten. Schließlich schlägt diese Arbeit eine Kombination verschiedener Methoden vor, die zur Ableitung analytischer Näherungen für solche vernetzten heterogenen Agentenmodelle verwendet werden können, bei denen Interaktionen zwischen Agenten sowohl auf individueller als auch auf aggregierter Ebene auftreten.
The trajectory of the Earth system in the Anthropocene is governed by an increasing entanglement of processes on a physical and ecological as well as on a socio-economic level. If models are to be useful as decision support tools in this environment, they ought acknowledge these complex feedback loops as well as the inherently emergent and heterogeneous qualities of societal dynamics. This thesis improves the capability of social-ecological and socio-economic models to picture emergent social phenomena and uses and extends techniques from dynamical systems theory and statistical physics for their analysis. It proposes to model humans as bounded rational decision makers that use (social) learning to acquire decision heuristics that function well in a given environment. This is illustrated in a two sector economic model in which one sector uses a fossil resource for economic production and households make their investment decisions in the previously described way. In the model economy individual decision making and social dynamics can not limit CO 2 emissions to a level that prevents global warming above 1.5 ◦ C. However, a combination of collective action and coordinated public policy actually can. A follow up study analyzes social learning of individual savings rates in a one sector investment economy. Here, the aggregate savings rate in the economy approaches that of an intertemporarily optimizing omniscient social planner if the social interaction rate is sufficiently low. Sumultaneously, a decreasing interaction rate leads to emergent inequality in the model in the form of a sudden transition from a unimodal to a strongly bimodal distribution of wealth among households. Finally, this thesis proposes a combination of different moment closure techniques that can be used to derive analytic approximations for such networked heterogeneous agent models where interactions between agents occur on an individual as well as on an aggregated level.
2020-12-09
doctoralThesis
doc-type:doctoralThesis
http://edoc.hu-berlin.de/18452/22844
urn:nbn:de:kobv:11-110-18452/22844-2
http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/22147
eng
(CC BY 4.0) Attribution 4.0 International
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
application/pdf
Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
oai:edoc.hu-berlin.de:18452/240052021-09-20T11:30:55Zcom_18452_25col_18452_26ddc:333.7doc-type:articlestatus-type:publishedVersiontextPublicationprimusopen_accessddc:690ddc:330
Fostering Self-Protection against Impacts of Heavy Rain at the Municipal Level
Werg, Jana Lorena
Grothmann, Torsten
Löchtefeld, Stefan
heavy rain
weather extremes
climate change
adaptation
municipality
household level
self-protection
perception
333.7 Landflächen, Naturräume für Freizeit und Erholung, Naturreservate, Energie
690 Bau von Gebäuden
ddc:333
ddc:690
This article was supported by the German Research Foundation (DFG) and the Open Access Publication Fund of Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin.
Local governments are highly relevant actors when it comes to mitigating climate change impacts such as flooding. Not only do they need to implement regulatory and infrastructural measures, but they also need to promote complementing self-protective measures at the household level. The individual motivation of municipal actors to pursue climate adaptation can be important for the implementation of such measures, obviously alongside several other factors, such as financial and administrative issues. A questionnaire survey with a non-random sample of 77 local government actors from 15 of the 16 German federal states was conducted, focusing on potential key factors concerning the motivation to implement adaptation measures against hazardous impacts of heavy rain. Additionally, the perceived effectiveness and realizability of selected municipal structural measures and of activation measures promoting self-protective behavior were collected. It can be shown that the perceived realizability of adaptation measures as well as knowledge of risk and adaptation may be key factors in the motivation to implement both activation and structural measures, while motivation and implementation are only partially related. The results imply a need for the evaluation of activation measures and a need for further research on the motivation of municipal actors to implement activation measures.
Peer Reviewed
2021-06-22
article
doc-type:article
publishedVersion
http://edoc.hu-berlin.de/18452/24005
urn:nbn:de:kobv:11-110-18452/24005-1
10.3390/su13137019
http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/23350
2071-1050
eng
(CC BY 4.0) Attribution 4.0 International
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
application/pdf
Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
oai:edoc.hu-berlin.de:18452/254302023-10-31T04:02:28Zcom_18452_25col_18452_26ddc:333.7doc-type:articlestatus-type:publishedVersiontextPublicationprimusopen_accessddc:330
Socio-Ecological Effects on the Patterns of Non-native Plant Distributions on Hainan Island
Guo, Lin-Yuan
Nizamani, Mir Muhammad
Harris, AJ
Lin, Qin-Wen
Balfour, Kelly
Da, Liang-Jun
Qureshi, Salman
Wang, Hua Feng
biodiversity
invasive plants
species richness
biogeography
urban green space
phylogenetic diversity
flora of Hainan
333.7 Landflächen, Naturräume für Freizeit und Erholung, Naturreservate, Energie
ddc:333
Non-native plants spread to recipient areas via natural or human-mediated modes of dispersal, and, if the non-native species are invasive, introduction potentially causes impacts on native plants and local ecosystems as well as economic losses. Therefore, we studied the diversity and distributional patterns of non-native plant species diversity in the tropical island province of Hainan, China and its relationships with environmental and socioeconomic factors by generating a checklist of species and subsequently performing an analysis of phylogenetic diversity. To generate the checklist, we began with the available, relevant literature representing 19 administrative units of Hainan and determined the casual, naturalized, or invasive status of each species by conducting field surveys within 14 administrative units. We found that non-native plants of Hainan comprise 77 casual species, 42 naturalized species, and 63 invasive species. Moreover, we found that non-native plant species had diverse origins from North and South America, Africa, and Asia and that the most common species across administrative areas belong to the plant families Asteraceae and Fabaceae. Moreover, the numbers of non-native species distributed in the areas of Hainan bording the coast arer greater than those within interior areas of the province. Among the coastal areas, Haikou has the highest species richness and, simultaneously, the highest values for significantly, positively correlated predictor variables, population and GDP (R2 = 0.60, P < 0.01; R2 = 0.64, P < 0.01, respectively). In contrast, the landlocked administrative units of Tunchang and Ding’an have the smallest number of non-native species, while their populations are less than a quarter of that of Haikou and their GDP less than one tenth. Among natural environmental variables, we determined that the number of non-native species had the strongest correlation with the minimum temperature in the coldest month, which predicts a smaller number of non-native species. Additionally, non-native species are primarily distributed in urban and rural built-up areas and agricultural areas; areas that are dominated by human activities. Overall, our study provides a working checklist of the non-native plants of Hainan as well as a theoretical framework and reference for the control of invasive plants of the province.
Peer Reviewed
2022-03-03
article
doc-type:article
publishedVersion
http://edoc.hu-berlin.de/18452/25430
urn:nbn:de:kobv:11-110-18452/25430-7
10.3389/fevo.2022.838591
http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/24755
2296-701X
eng
(CC BY 4.0) Attribution 4.0 International
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
application/pdf
Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
oai:edoc.hu-berlin.de:18452/245222023-10-31T04:02:28Zcom_18452_25col_18452_26ddc:333.7doc-type:articlestatus-type:publishedVersiontextPublicationprimusopen_accessddc:330
Uncertainty in Drought Identification Due to Data Choices, and the Value of Triangulation
Borona, Pius
Busch, Friedrich
Krueger, Tobias
Rufin, Philippe
droughts
gridded data
SPEI
semi-arid
Eastern Africa
333.7 Landflächen, Naturräume für Freizeit und Erholung, Naturreservate, Energie
ddc:333
Droughts are complex and gradually evolving conditions of extreme water deficits which can compromise livelihoods and ecological integrity, especially in fragile arid and semi-arid regions that depend on rainfed farming, such as Kitui West in south-eastern Kenya. Against the background of low ground-station density, 10 gridded rainfall products and four gridded temperature products were used to generate an ensemble of 40 calculations of the Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI) to assess uncertainties in the onset, duration, and magnitude of past droughts. These uncertainties were driven more by variations between the rainfall products than variations between the temperature products. Remaining ambiguities in drought occurrence could be resolved by complementing the quantitative analysis with ground-based information from key informants engaged in disaster relief, effectively formulating an ensemble approach to SPEI-based drought identification to aid decision making. The reported trend towards drier conditions in Eastern Africa was confirmed for Kitui West by the majority of data products, whereby the rainfall effect on those increasingly dry conditions was subtler than just annual and seasonal declines and greater annual variation of rainfall, which requires further investigation. Nevertheless, the effects of increasing droughts are already felt on the ground and warrant decisive action.
Peer Reviewed
2021-12-16
article
doc-type:article
publishedVersion
http://edoc.hu-berlin.de/18452/24522
urn:nbn:de:kobv:11-110-18452/24522-3
10.3390/w13243611
http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/23861
2073-4441
eng
(CC BY 4.0) Attribution 4.0 International
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
application/pdf
Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
oai:edoc.hu-berlin.de:18452/210272020-03-07T05:01:28Zcom_18452_25col_18452_26ddc:530ddc:333.7doc-type:articletextPublicationprimusopen_accessstatus-type:acceptedVersionddc:330
A spatial electricity market model for the power system: The Kazakhstan case study
Mendelevitch, Roman
Assembayeva, Makpal
Egerer, Jonas
Zhakiyev, Nurkhat
Kazakhstan
Central Asia
Electricity sector
Techno-economic modeling
Transmission network
Kasachstan
Zentralasien
Elektrizitätssektor
Techno-ökonomische Modellierung
Übertragungsnetz
333.7 Natürliche Resourcen, Energie und Umwelt
537 Elektrizität und Elektronik
ddc:333
ddc:537
Kazakhstan envisions a transition towards a green economy in the next decades, which poses an immense challenge as the country's economy and energy system depends heavily on hydrocarbon resources. Here, it lacks inclusive and transparent tools assessing technical, economic, and environmental implications resulting from changes in its electricity system. We present such a tool: our comprehensive techno-economic unit-commitment model determines the hourly least-cost generation dispatch, based on publicly available data on the technical and economic characteristics of the system. It accounts for particularities of the Kazakh electricity system by representing combined heat and power, and endogenously
determining line losses. Model results examine two typical weeks: winter (annual peak load)
and summer (hour of lowest annual load) presenting regionally and temporally disaggregated results for power generation, line utilization, and nodal prices. In an application to market design, the paper compares nodal and zonal pricing as two possible pricing schemes in Kazakhstan for the envisioned strengthening of the day-ahead market. The model analyze the current Kazakh electricity system and can be easily expanded to assess the sector's future development. Possible applications include investment in generation and transmission infrastructure, policy assessment for renewables integration, carbon pricing, emission reduction, and questions of market design.
Peer Reviewed
2018-02-08
article
doc-type:article
acceptedVersion
0360-5442
http://edoc.hu-berlin.de/18452/21027
urn:nbn:de:kobv:11-110-18452/21027-8
http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/20265
10.1016/j.energy.2018.02.011
eng
10.1016/j.dib.2019.103781
(CC BY-NC-ND 4.0) Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
application/pdf
Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
oai:edoc.hu-berlin.de:18452/268282024-03-18T13:13:17Zcom_18452_25col_18452_26ddc:333.7doc-type:articlestatus-type:publishedVersiontextPublicationprimusopen_accessddc:330ddc:580
Antagonism of chloride and nitrate inhibits nitrate reductase activity in chloride‑stressed maize
Zhang, Xudong
Franzisky, Bastian Leander
Eigner, Lars
Geilfus, Christoph-Martin
Zörb, Christian
Chloride stress
Nitrate
Osmotic stress
Photosynthesis
333.7 Landflächen, Naturräume für Freizeit und Erholung, Naturreservate, Energie
580 Pflanzen (Botanik)
ddc:333
ddc:580
Chloride (Cl−) is required for photosynthesis and regulates osmotic balance. However, excess Cl− application negatively interacts with nitrate (NO−3) uptake, although its effect on NO−3 metabolism remains unclear. The aim was to test whether Cl− stress disturbs nitrate reductase activity (NRA). A maize variety (Zea mays L. cv. LG 30215) was hydroponically cultured in a greenhouse under the following conditions: control (2 mM CaCl2), moderate Cl− (10 mM CaCl2), high Cl− (60 mM CaCl2). To substantiate the effect of Cl− stress further, an osmotic stress with lower intensity was induced by 60 g polyethylene glycol (PEG) 6000 L−1 + 2 mM CaCl2), which was 57% of the osmotic pressure being produced by 60 mM CaCl2. Results show that high Cl− and PEG-induced osmotic stress significantly reduced shoot biomass, stomatal conductance and transpiration rate, but NRA was only decreased by high Cl− stress. The interference of NRA in chloride-stressed maize is supposed to be primarily caused by the antagonistic uptake of Cl− and NO−3.
Peer Reviewed
2021-01-22
article
doc-type:article
publishedVersion
http://edoc.hu-berlin.de/18452/26828
urn:nbn:de:kobv:11-110-18452/26828-7
http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/26109
1573-5087
10.1007/s10725-020-00685-2
eng
(CC BY 4.0) Attribution 4.0 International
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
application/pdf
Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
oai:edoc.hu-berlin.de:18452/194502020-03-07T04:54:10Zcom_18452_25col_18452_26ddc:333.7doc-type:articlestatus-type:publishedVersiontextPublicationprimusopen_accessddc:330
Scenarios of land-use change in a deforestation corridor in the Brazilian Amazon: combining two scales of analysis
Gollnow, Florian
Göpel, Jan
de Barros Vivana Hissa, Letícia
Schaldach, Rüdiger
Lakes, Tobia
Land-use modeling
Multiscale
Cross-scale
Brazilian Amazon
LandSHIFT
alucR
333.7 Natürliche Resourcen, Energie und Umwelt
ddc:333
Nachgenutzt gemäß den CC-Bestimmungen des Lizenzgebers bzw. einer im Dokument selbst enthaltenen CC-Lizenz.
Local, regional, and global processes affect
deforestation and land-use changes in the Brazilian Amazon.
Characteristics are: direct conversions from forest to
pasture; regional processes of indirect land-use change,
described by the conversion of pastures to cropland, which
increases the demand for pastures elsewhere; and teleconnections,
fueled by the global demands for soybeans as
animal fodder. We modeled land-use changes for two
scenarios Trend and Sustainable Development for a hot
spot of land-use change along the BR-163 highway in Mato
Grosso and Para´, Brazil. We investigated the differences
between a coupled modeling approach, which incorporates
indirect land-use change processes, and a noncoupled landuse
model. We coupled the regional-scale LandSHIFT
model, defined for Mato Grosso and Para´, with a subregional
model, alucR, covering a selected corridor along the
BR-163. The results indicated distinct land-use scenario
outcomes from the coupled modeling approach and the
subregional model quantification. We found the highest
deforestation estimates returned from the subregional
quantification of the Trend scenario. This originated from
the strong local dynamics of past deforestation and landuse
changes. Land-use changes exceeded the demands
estimated at regional scale. We observed the lowest
deforestation estimates at the subregional quantification of
the Sustainable Development story line. We highlight that
model coupling increased the representation of scenario
outcomes at fine resolution while providing consistency
across scales. However, distinct local dynamics were
explicitly captured at subregional scale. The scenario result
pinpoints the importance of policies to aim at the cattle
ranching sector, to increase land tenure registration and
enforcement of environmental laws.
Peer Reviewed
2017-03-02
article
doc-type:article
publishedVersion
1436-378X
http://edoc.hu-berlin.de/18452/19450
urn:nbn:de:kobv:11-110-18452/19450-0
http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/18737
eng
(CC BY 4.0) Attribution 4.0 International
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
application/pdf
Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
oai:edoc.hu-berlin.de:18452/274572023-06-22T01:05:48Zcom_18452_25col_18452_458doc-type:reportddc:333.7textPublicationprimusopen_accessddc:330
Kohlenstoff in versiegelten und entsiegelten Böden in Berlin
Ergebnisse des Forschungsprojektes Kosie
Thrum, Tina
Klemm, Juliane
Korintenberg, Margarete
Kollmann, Carlotta
Zeitz, Jutta
Klimawandel
CO2-Emissionen
fossile Energieträger
Treibhausgasemissionen
natürliche Kohlenstoffspeicher
Klimaschutz
333.7 Landflächen, Naturräume für Freizeit und Erholung, Naturreservate, Energie
ddc:333
Ein Haupttreiber des Klimawandels sind CO2-Emissionen aus der Verbrennung
fossiler Energieträger. Städte sind Hotspots anthropogener Emissionen mit einem
Anteil von mehr als 70 % weltweit. Sie besitzen daher eine besondere Verantwortung
für die Umsetzung von Maßnahmen und Strategien zur Vermeidung von Treibhausgasemissionen. Böden und Vegetation erfüllen als „natürliche Kohlenstoffspeicher“ eine Klimaschutzfunktion, denn sie besitzen das Potenzial CO2 aufzunehmen. So bindet Stadtgrün CO2
aus der Luft in seiner Biomasse. Ein Teil dieses gespeicherten Kohlenstoffs gelangt
beim Abbau der Biomasse in den Boden und bleibt dort in Form von Humus langfristig
erhalten. Die Mengen an Kohlenstoff, welche im Boden unter verschiedenen
urbanen Nutzungen und in urbanen Vegetationsstrukturen gespeichert sind, können
den Klimaschutzwert von Boden und Vegetation in der Stadt quantifizieren.
Die Klimaschutzfunktion der Stadtböden wird allerdings durch einen hohen Versiegelungsgrad
beeinträchtigt. So ist etwa ein Drittel der Gesamtfläche Berlins versiegelt.
Die Bodenversiegelung führt dazu, dass kaum bis keine Interaktion zwischen
Atmosphäre, Vegetation und Boden mehr möglich ist. Einen Beitrag zu Erreichung der
politischen Klimaschutzziele kann die Vermeidung von Neuversiegelung und die Entsiegelung
von dauerhaft nicht mehr genutzten Flächen leisten. Um das Potential solcher Maßnahmen aufzuzeigen, wurden im Forschungsprojekt „Kosie“ erstmals gezielte Untersuchungen an versiegelten und entsiegelten Berliner Böden durchgeführt und deren Kohlenstoffspeicher quantifiziert. In der vorliegenden Broschüre sind die wesentlichen Ergebnisse des Forschungsprojektes dargestellt und anwendungsorientiert aufbereitet.
2023-04
report
doc-type:report
http://edoc.hu-berlin.de/18452/27457
urn:nbn:de:kobv:11-110-18452/27457-1
http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/26242
und
(CC BY-SA 4.0) Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/
application/pdf
Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
oai:edoc.hu-berlin.de:18452/143122023-10-31T04:02:35Zcom_18452_25col_18452_26ddc:333.7textPublicationprimusopen_accessddc:550ddc:710ddc:300ddc:570ddc:330doc-type:bookddc:590ddc:630ddc:500
Farming Systems Facing Global Challenges:Capacities and Strategies. Volume 2.
Proceedings of the 11th European IFSA Symposium, 1-4 April 2014 in Berlin, Germany
Aenis, Thomas
Aenis, Thomas
Knierim, Andrea
Riecher, Maja-Catrin
Ridder, Rebecka
Schobert, Heike
Fischer, Holger
Aenis, Thomas
Knierim, Andrea
Riecher, Maja-Catrin
Ridder, Rebecka
Schobert, Heike
Fischer, Holger
Farming
Systems
Research
multi-scale approaches
learning
innovation
transformation
institutions
climate change
sustainability
participation
rural livlihoods
570 Biologie
550 Geowissenschaften
710 Raumplanung und Landschaftsarchitektur
630 Landwirtschaft und verwandte Bereiche
333.7 Natürliche Ressourcen, Energie, Umwelt
500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik
300 Sozialwissenschaften
590 Tiere (Zoologie)
ddc:570
ddc:550
ddc:710
ddc:630
ddc:333
ddc:500
ddc:300
ddc:590
IFSA Europe (www.ifsa-europe.org) is a platform for European Farming systems research. With the 11th European IFSA symposium we sought manifold answers that deal with challenges in an integrative, interconnected way on field and farm level, on regional or landscape level or even at a larger scale.
Peer Reviewed
2016-03-15
book
doc-type:book
978-3-9813957-5-4
http://edoc.hu-berlin.de/18452/14312
urn:nbn:de:kobv:11-100236927
http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/13660
eng
http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/
application/pdf
Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Lebenswissenschaftliche Fakultät
oai:edoc.hu-berlin.de:18452/29442020-03-07T04:02:35Zcom_18452_49com_18452_45com_18452_5col_18452_60ddc:333.7doc-type:bookParttextPublicationprimusopen_accessddc:020ddc:330
Introduction
Hauke, Petra
Latimer, Karen
Werner, Klaus
Hauke, Petra
Latimer, Karen
Werner, Klaus
Bibliothek
Nachhaltigkeit
Ökologie
Bauwesen
020 Bibliotheks- und Informationswissenschaften
333.7 Natürliche Ressourcen, Energie, Umwelt
ddc:020
ddc:333
2015-10-01
bookPart
doc-type:bookPart
http://edoc.hu-berlin.de/18452/2944
urn:nbn:de:kobv:11-100232571
http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/2292
eng
http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/
application/pdf
Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Philosophische Fakultät I, Institut für Bibliotheks- und Informationswissenschaft
oai:edoc.hu-berlin.de:18452/212322020-03-07T05:04:09Zcom_18452_25col_18452_26ddc:333.7doc-type:articlestatus-type:publishedVersiontextPublicationprimusopen_accessddc:690ddc:330
An Analysis of Land-Use Change and Grassland Degradation from a Policy Perspective in Inner Mongolia, China, 1990−2015
Hu, Yunfeng
nacun, Batu
land-use conversion
rangeland
degradation/restoration
ecological policy
Inner Mongolia
333.7 Natürliche Resourcen, Energie und Umwelt
690 Bau von Gebäuden
ddc:333
ddc:690
Land-use and land-cover changes have important effects on ecology, human systems, the environment, and policy at both global and regional scales. Thus, they are closely related to human activities. The extraction of more details about land-use change and grassland degradation is necessary to achieve future sustainable development in Inner Mongolia. The current study presents the patterns and processes of land-use changes over space and time, while also analyzing grassland degradation that is based on an analysis of land-use changes using a transition matrix, the Markov chain model and Moran’s I index, and a combination of long-time-scale remote sensing data as the data source. The major results indicate the following. (1) In 1990–2015, 13% (123,445 km2) of the total study area, including eight land-use types, changed. Woodland increased the most and moderate grassland decreased the most. (2) Grassland degradation, which occupied 2.8% of the total area of Inner Mongolia, was the major land-use conversion process before 2000, while, after 2000, 8.7% of the total area was restored; however, grassland degradation may still be the major ecological issue in Inner Mongolia. (3) Environmental protection policies show a close relationship with land-use conversion.
National Key Research and Development Plan
Peer Reviewed
2018-11-05
article
doc-type:article
publishedVersion
http://edoc.hu-berlin.de/18452/21232
urn:nbn:de:kobv:11-110-18452/21232-5
10.3390/su10114048
http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/20465
2071-1050
eng
(CC BY 4.0) Attribution 4.0 International
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
application/pdf
Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
oai:edoc.hu-berlin.de:18452/272282023-10-31T04:02:46Zcom_18452_25col_18452_26ddc:333.7doc-type:articlestatus-type:publishedVersiontextPublicationprimusopen_accessddc:550ddc:330
Carbon storage and sequestration in Southeast Asian urban clusters under future land cover change scenarios (2015–2050)
Kamarajugedda, Shankar Acharya
Johnson, Justin
McDonald, Robert
Hamel, Perrine
Southeast Asia
urban clusters
land cover scenarios
carbon sequestration
carbon emissions
nature-based solutions
nature climate solutions
333.7 Landflächen, Naturräume für Freizeit und Erholung, Naturreservate, Energie
550 Geowissenschaften
ddc:333
ddc:550
Land-use land-cover (LULC) changes are occurring rapidly in Southeast Asia (SEA), generally associated with population growth, economic development and competing demands for land. Land cover change is one of the vital factors affecting carbon dynamics and emissions. SEA is an important region to study urban-caused LULC emissions and the potential for nature-based solutions (NBS) and nature climate solutions (NCS), as it is home to nearly 15% of the world’s tropical forests and has some of the world’s fastest rates of urban growth. We present a fine-scale urban cluster level assessment for SEA of current (2015) and future (2050) scenarios for carbon sequestration service and climate mitigation potential. We identified 956 urban clusters distributed across 11 countries of SEA. Considering the urban expansion projected and decline in forests, this region could see a carbon loss of up to 0.11 Gigatonnes (Scenario SSP4 RCP 3.4). Comparing carbon change values to urban emissions, we found that the average offset value ranging from −2% (Scenario SSP1 RCP 2.6) to −21%. We also found that a few medium and large urban clusters could add to more than double the existing carbon emissions in 2050 in the SSP3 and SSP4 RCP 3.4 scenarios, while a minority of clusters could offset their emissions under SSP1. Our study confirms that NCS, and particularly reforestation, are in many cases able to offset the direct emissions from land cover conversion from SEA urban clusters. Hence, documenting the plausible LULC transitions and the associated impacts gains significance in the SEA region as the results can be useful for informing policy and sustainable land management.
Peer Reviewed
2023-03-23
article
doc-type:article
publishedVersion
http://edoc.hu-berlin.de/18452/27228
urn:nbn:de:kobv:11-110-18452/27228-8
10.3389/fenvs.2023.1105759
http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/26532
2296-665X
eng
(CC BY 4.0) Attribution 4.0 International
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
application/pdf
Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
oai:edoc.hu-berlin.de:18452/232902021-06-04T07:36:36Zcom_18452_1col_18452_2ddc:333.7textPublicationopen_accessdoc-type:doctoralThesisddc:710ddc:570ddc:330ddc:720ddc:630ddc:580
Biotopmanagement in Festungsanlagen – Trittsteine und Habitate für die Biotopvernetzung
Junghans, Veikko
Riesbeck, Frank
Haase, Dagmar
Wulf, Monika
Naturschutz
Denkmalschutz
Artenschutz
Landschaftsschutz
Novel Ecosystems
Biotopvernetzung
Ecosystem services
Raumplanung
Landschaft
Landschaftswahrnehmung
intangibles
Festungen
ForteCultura
BalticFortRoute
ATFORT
nature protection
monument protection
landscape protection
landscape development
Novel Ecosystems
Ecosystem Services
spatial planning
landscape
perception of landscape
intangibles
fortresses
ForteCultura
BalticFortRoute
ATFORT
724 Architektur ab 1400
712 Landschaftsgestaltung (Landschaftsdesign)
711 Raumplanung und Landschaftsarchitektur
710 Raumplanung und Landschaftsarchitektur
630 Landwirtschaft und verwandte Bereiche
580 Pflanzen (Botanik)
577 Ökologie
333.7 Natürliche Resourcen, Energie und Umwelt
AR 13440
AR 27400
WI 5800
ddc:724
ddc:712
ddc:711
ddc:710
ddc:630
ddc:580
ddc:577
ddc:333
Durch vegetationsökologische Feldstudien wurde das Biotop- und Arteninventar verschiedener Festungsanlagen des 19. Jahrhunderts in Deutschland, Polen und Litauen untersucht. Ein Ziel der Untersuchung war die Bewertung der Standorte für eine Einbindung in den FFH Biotop-Verbund, ergänzt durch Auswertungen historischer Luftbilder sowie Sentinel2-Fernerkundungsdaten.
Die Festungsanlagen neigten in den letzten Jahrzehnten zu einer Wiederbewaldung durch ausbleibende Nutzung und Pflege der Offenlandbereiche. Innerhalb weniger Jahrzehnte sind vor Ort vor allem stadtwaldähnliche Standorte entstanden. Eine Entwicklung hin zu standorttypischen Ausprägung einer HPNV oder anderer Gesellschaften, die als Biotoptypen nach Anhang I FFH-RL ausweisbar wären, ist an den untersuchten Standorten nicht beobachtet worden. Hohe Biotopqualitäten in Offenland-Standorten sowie anderen Biotoptypen sind nicht beobachtet worden.
Festungen und deren Biotope sind als Novel Ecosystems ausweisbar und wären nur als solche in das Biotopverbundsystem integrierbar. Satellitenbasierte Auswertungen bilden die Kleinräumigkeit der örtlichen Biotopstrukturen –und deren Vielfalt nur bedingt ab. Fehlende Pflege und Nutzung von Festungen sowie aufkommende Waldbestände verursachen eine sukzessive Degradation und Schädigung der Bausubstanz.
Eine naturschutzfachliche Begründung für das grundsätzliche Ausbleiben von Sanierung und Bausubstanzerhalt existiert nicht, auch wenn diese Standorte oftmals Habitate für Arten des Anhang IV der FFH-RL aufweisen. Im Gegensatz, die Pflege und der Erhalt des Kulturerbes „Festungsanlagen“ wird von der europäischen Naturschutz- und vor allem Kulturagenda sogar gefordert, da diese neben noch unspezifiziertem Natur- und Erholungswert auch einen intrinsischen gesamteuropäischen Kulturwert haben. Das muss bei der lokalen Raum- und Naturschutzfachplanung sowie in der regionalen Landespflege berücksichtigt werden.
The biotope and species inventory of various fortifications of the 19th century in Germany, Poland and Lithuania was examined through vegetation-ecological field studies. One aim of the study was to evaluate the locations for integration into the FFH biotope network, supplemented by evaluations of historical aerial photos and Sentinel2 remote sensing data.
Investigated fortifications tended to reforest in recent decades due to the lack of use and maintenance of the open land areas. Within a few decades, urban forest-like sites have developed here at the investigated sites. A development towards site-typical expressions of PNV or other communities, which could be designated as FFH biotopes according to Annex I of the Habitats Directive, has not been observed. High biotope qualities in open land biotopes and other types were not observed
Fortresses and their biotopes can be designated as Novel Ecosystems and should only be integrated as such into the biotope network. Satellite based evaluations only provide a limited picture of the small-scale nature and diversity of local biotope structures. The lack of maintenance and use of fortresses as well as emerging forest stands cause successive degradation and damage to the building fabric.
There is no nature conservation justification for the fundamental lack of remediation and preservation of building fabric, even though these sites often have habitats for species listed in Annex IV of the Habitats Directive. In contrast, the care and preservation of the cultural heritage "fortifications" is even demanded by the European nature conservation and cultural agenda, as they have an intrinsic pan-European cultural value in addition to still unspecified nature and recreational value. This is even reflected by the aim of the Habitats Directive. This must be taken into account in local spatial and nature conservation planning and in regional land management.
2021-04-08
doctoralThesis
doc-type:doctoralThesis
http://edoc.hu-berlin.de/18452/23290
urn:nbn:de:kobv:11-110-18452/23290-2
http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/22591
ger
https://doi.org/10.18452/22590
(CC BY-NC-ND 4.0) Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
application/pdf
Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
oai:edoc.hu-berlin.de:18452/197172020-03-07T04:56:17Zcom_18452_25col_18452_26ddc:333.7doc-type:articlestatus-type:publishedVersiontextPublicationprimusopen_accessddc:330
Prospects for steam coal exporters in the era of climate policies: a case study of Colombia
Oei, Pao-Yu
Mendelevitch, Roman
Case study
climate policy
Colombia
decarbonization
energy policy
Steam coal market
333.7 Natürliche Resourcen, Energie und Umwelt
ddc:333
Nachgenutzt gemäß den CC-Bestimmungen des Lizenzgebers bzw. einer im Dokument selbst enthaltenen CC-Lizenz.
Continued global action on climate change has major consequences for fossil fuel
markets, especially for coal as the most carbon-intensive fuel. This article
summarizes current market developments in the most important coal-producing
and coal-consuming countries, resulting in a critical qualitative assessment of
prospects for future coal exports. Colombia, as the world’s fourth largest
exporter, is strongly affected by these global trends, with more than 90% of its
production being exported. Market analysis finds Colombia in a strong
competitive position, owing to its low production costs and high coal quality.
Nevertheless, market trends and enhanced climate policies suggest a gloomy
outlook for future exports. Increasing competition on the Atlantic as well as
Pacific market will keep coal prices low and continue pressure on mining
companies. Increasing numbers of filed bankruptcies and lay-offs might be just
the beginning of a carbon bubble devaluing fossil fuel investments and leaving
them stranded. Colombia largely supplies European and Mediterranean
consumers but also delivers some quantities to the US Gulf Coast, and to Central
and South America. Future coal demand in most of these countries will continue
to decline in the next decades. Newly constructed power plants in emerging
economies (India, China) are unlikely to compensate for this downturn owing to
increasing domestic supply and decreasing demand. Therefore, maintaining or
even increasing mining volumes in Colombia should be re-evaluated, taking into
account new economic realities as well as local externalities. Ignoring these risks
could lead to additional stranded investments, aggravating the local resource
curse and hampering sustainable economic development.
2018-03-13
article
doc-type:article
publishedVersion
1752-7457
1469-3062
http://edoc.hu-berlin.de/18452/19717
urn:nbn:de:kobv:11-110-18452/19717-6
http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/18981
10.1080/14693062.2018.1449094
eng
(CC BY-NC-ND 4.0) Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
application/pdf
Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
oai:edoc.hu-berlin.de:18452/29612020-03-07T04:02:38Zcom_18452_49com_18452_45com_18452_5col_18452_60ddc:333.7doc-type:bookParttextPublicationprimusopen_accessddc:020ddc:330
"Environmental awareness is on the rise"
Sustainability in Danish public libraries
Niegaard, Hellen
Hauke, Petra
Latimer, Karen
Werner, Klaus
Bibliothek
Nachhaltigkeit
Ökologie
Bauwesen
020 Bibliotheks- und Informationswissenschaften
333.7 Natürliche Ressourcen, Energie, Umwelt
ddc:020
ddc:333
Jede vierte Öffentliche Bibliothek in Dänemark hat eine grüne Leitlinie. Jede siebente hat in die Gebäudeplanung Umweltaspekte einbezogen, während ungefähr jede sechste in anderen Bereichen Umweltaspekte berücksichtigt, z.B. in der Kommunikation. Der Beitrag stellt zwei Beispiele aus Dänemark ins Zentrum: erstens Nachhaltigkeit in Öffentlichen Bibliotheken am Beispiel der Öffentlichen Bibliothek Albertslund und der am Netzwerk Green Cities beteiligten Bibliotheken als Fallstudien, zweitens Nachhaltigkeit beim Bau Öffentlicher Bibliotheken am Beispiel der Öffentlichen Bibliothek Århus.
One in four Danish public libraries has a green operating policy. One in seven has taken environmental aspects into consideration in the planning of their buildings, while approximately one in six works with environmental aspects in other contexts – for instance communication. This article focuses on two Danish case studies. Firstly, on sustainability in public libraries with Albertslund Public Library and the Green Cities libraries as examples; secondly, sustainability in the construction of public libraries using Århus Public Library as a case study.
2015-10-01
bookPart
doc-type:bookPart
http://edoc.hu-berlin.de/18452/2961
urn:nbn:de:kobv:11-110-18452/2961-7
http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/2309
eng
http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/
application/pdf
Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Philosophische Fakultät I, Institut für Bibliotheks- und Informationswissenschaft
oai:edoc.hu-berlin.de:18452/226222023-10-31T04:02:54Zcom_18452_25col_18452_26ddc:333.7doc-type:articlestatus-type:publishedVersiontextPublicationprimusopen_accessddc:690ddc:330
An Economic Comparison between Alternative Rice Farming Systems in Tanzania Using a Monte Carlo Simulation Approach
Kadigi, Ibrahim
Mutabazi, Khamaldin D.
Philip, Damas
Richardson, James W.
Bizimana, Jean-Claude
Mbungu, Winfred
Mahoo, Henry F.
Sieber, Stefan
rice
management practices
risk
Monte Carlo simulation
stochastic variables
Tanzania
333.7 Natürliche Resourcen, Energie und Umwelt
690 Bau von Gebäuden
ddc:333
ddc:690
Tanzania is the second-largest producer of rice (Oryza sativa) in Eastern, Central, and Southern Africa after Madagascar. Unfortunately, the sector has been performing poorly due to many constraints, including poor agricultural practices and climate variability. In addressing the challenge, the government is making substantial investments to speed the agriculture transformation into a more modernized, commercial, and highly productive and profitable sector. Our objective was to apply a Monte Carlo simulation approach to assess the economic feasibility of alternative rice farming systems operating in Tanzania while considering risk analysis for decision-makers with different risk preferences to make better management decisions. The rice farming systems in this study comprise rice farms using traditional practices and those using some or all of the recommended system of rice intensification (SRI) practices. The overall results show 2% and zero probability of net cash income (NCI) being negative for partial and full SRI adopters, respectively. Meanwhile, farmers using local and improved seeds have 66% and 60% probability of NCI being negative, correspondingly. Rice farms which applied fertilizers in addition to improved seeds have a 21% probability of negative returns. Additionally, net income for rice farms using local seeds was slightly worthwhile when the transaction made during the harvesting period compared to farms applied improved varieties due to a relatively high price for local seeds. These results help to inform policymakers and agencies promoting food security and eradication of poverty on the benefits of encouraging improved rice farming practices in the country. Despite climate variability, in Tanzania, it is still possible for rice farmers to increase food production and income through the application of improved technologies, particularly SRI management practices, which have shown a promising future.
Peer Reviewed
2020-08-12
article
doc-type:article
publishedVersion
http://edoc.hu-berlin.de/18452/22622
urn:nbn:de:kobv:11-110-18452/22622-8
10.3390/su12166528
http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/21905
2071-1050
eng
(CC BY 4.0) Attribution 4.0 International
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
application/pdf
Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
oai:edoc.hu-berlin.de:18452/237392023-10-31T04:02:54Zcom_18452_77com_18452_45com_18452_5col_18452_78ddc:333.7textPublicationprimusopen_accessddc:330doc-type:workingPaper
How activist should scientists be?
Vega, Jorge
Krueger, Tobias
König, Bettina
Garcia, Alicea
Sachet, Erwan
Molla, Nusrat
Chignell, Stephen
Tank, Lukas
Rege, Anushka
Intriago Zambrano, Juan Carlo
Edwards, Glory
Unverzagt, Krystin
Gürdan, Burag
Gasmi, Hela
Awuku-Sowah, Emma
Aysal, Lara
Tamang, Sangay
333.7 Landflächen, Naturräume für Freizeit und Erholung, Naturreservate, Energie
ddc:333
On a Friday evening in late September 2019, 21 PhD students from every
continent but Antarctica gathered in a dimly lit room on the second
floor of Sophienstraße 22a in Berlin. This was the climax of a week-long
summer school on ‘Transformative Human-Environment Research &
Participatory Methods’ organised by the IRI THESys at Humboldt
University. The preceding week’s lectures, discussions, and practicums
on the
democratization of knowledge production were fresh in everyone’s minds.
Should scientists strive to be objective? Is it possible (not) to align
our values with our scientific practice? What counts as ‘science’? The
summer school students and faculty, as well as a handful of members of
the public, took their seats among a few rows of chairs. At the front of
the room were five chairs arranged in a semicircle facing the audience.
The moderator, Krystin Unverzagt, welcomed the audience and explained
how the event would proceed. Unlike a typical panel, this would be a
‘fishbowl’ discussion; the moderator would take the central chair, and
each time an audience member wanted to add to the discussion, they would
walk to the front, take a seat, and make their point. They were then
free to stay for a few responses or return to the audience. Regardless
of the direction of the conversation, one seat in the front would remain
open, so there was always the opportunity for someone new to join. The
following is a reconstruction of the ensuing conversation,
collaboratively assembled by the participants the following day. The
editors—themselves participants of the event—have added headings and
made slight changes to wording for stylistic consistency
2021-05
workingPaper
doc-type:workingPaper
http://edoc.hu-berlin.de/18452/23739
urn:nbn:de:kobv:11-110-18452/23739-8
http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/23076
2566-5561
2896709-4
eng
http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/
application/pdf
Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
oai:edoc.hu-berlin.de:18452/29472020-03-07T04:02:36Zcom_18452_49com_18452_45com_18452_5col_18452_60ddc:333.7doc-type:bookParttextPublicationprimusopen_accessddc:020ddc:330
Die Verantwortung nicht der Industrie undder Politik überlassen ...
Interview mit der Architektin Marina Stankovic und dem Diplom-Ingenieur Tobias Jortzick, Berlin
Hauke, Petra
Hauke, Petra
Latimer, Karen
Werner, Klaus
Bibliothek
Interview
Nachhaltigkeit
Ökologie
Architektur
Bauwesen
020 Bibliotheks- und Informationswissenschaften
333.7 Natürliche Ressourcen, Energie, Umwelt
ddc:020
ddc:333
Der Beitrag zeichnet ein Interview nach, das die Teilnehmer des Projektseminars "Von der Idee zum Buch", durchgeführt im Wintersemester 2012/2013 am Berliner Institut für Bibliotheks- und Informationswissenschaft, zum Thema "Ökologische Nachhaltigkeit und Bibliotheken" mit der Architektin Prof. Marina Stankovic und Dipl.-Ing. Tobias Jortzick geführt haben. Das Gespräch behandelt Aspekte wie die nach ökologischen Kriterien sinnvollste Architektur und Ausstattung von Bibliotheken, die Unmöglichkeit von Universalrezepten, den zwingenden Zusammenhang von Bau und Betrieb eines Gebäudes, die Rolle von Normen, die Wichtigkeit einer Gebäudedokumentation zur Sicherung der Nachhaltigkeit auch über die Planungs- und Bauphase hinaus, das Verhältnis zwischen Architekt, Bauherr(en) und Nutzer(n), die Frage der Kosten ‚grüner‘ Architektur, ökologische Nachhaltigkeit als Marketing-Faktor, energetische Sanierung als Chance, Vergleiche mit dem Ausland, schließlich die Verantwortung jedes Einzelnen und auch die der Bibliothek als Institution für die Verringerung des Ökologischen Fußabdrucks.
This article is from an interview, arranged by participants of a project course entitled "Turning an idea into a book", held in the winter term 2012/2013 at the Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin. The theme, both of the current book project and the interview, was "Ecological Sustainability in Libraries". Interview partners were Prof. Marina Stankovic and Dipl.-Ing. Tobias Jortzick. The talk consisted of issues such as criteria for ecological library architecture and equipment; the nonsense of universal solutions; the important connection between the building and aftermath management; the role of standards; the importance of building documentation to retain sustainability after the building phase; the relationship between architect, builder, and user; costs issues of “green” architecture; ecological sustainability as a marketing tool; energetic restoration as an opportunity of change; comparisons with other countries; last but not least, both the individual’s and the institutional responsibility for the promotion and reduction of the ecological footprint.
2015-10-01
bookPart
doc-type:bookPart
http://edoc.hu-berlin.de/18452/2947
urn:nbn:de:kobv:11-100232609
http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/2295
ger
http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/
application/pdf
Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Philosophische Fakultät I, Institut für Bibliotheks- und Informationswissenschaft
oai:edoc.hu-berlin.de:18452/212022020-03-07T05:03:58Zcom_18452_25col_18452_26ddc:333.7doc-type:articlestatus-type:publishedVersiontextPublicationprimusopen_accessddc:690ddc:330
Comparative Analysis of Nature-Related Transactions and Governance Structures in Pasture Use and Irrigation Water in Central Asia
Kasymov, Ulan
Hamidov, Ahmad
common-pool resource
governance structure
institutions
pasture
irrigation
sustainability
Kyrgyzstan
Uzbekistan
333.7 Natürliche Resourcen, Energie und Umwelt
690 Bau von Gebäuden
ddc:333
ddc:690
Central Asian countries have experienced a transition from a centralized state-managed economy to a decentralized market-oriented one, and gained valuable experience in designing institutions involving common-pool resource (CPR) management. Top-down policy interventions have affected natural resource usage practices and had environmental, social and economic consequences. On the other hand, in a bottom-up transformation process, many informal practices for using local resources and many forms of cooperation have emerged and become institutionalized, adapting to the changing socio-economic context. This paper demonstrates an empirical application of the Institutions of Sustainability (IoS) framework, analyzing these emerged institutions, and governance structures in pasture and irrigation management. It studies how the physical nature-related transactions are institutionalized through the operationalization of a discriminative alignment principle. The research results show that actors’ interdependencies caused by the attributes of nature-related transactions play a decisive role in institutional development in CPR management in Central Asia. The authors argue that differences in the properties of physical nature-related transactions in pasture and irrigation water use can be linked and explained through differences in the key characteristics of governance structures.
Peer Reviewed
2017-09-14
article
doc-type:article
publishedVersion
http://edoc.hu-berlin.de/18452/21202
urn:nbn:de:kobv:11-110-18452/21202-8
10.3390/su9091633
http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/20432
2071-1050
eng
(CC BY 4.0) Attribution 4.0 International
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
application/pdf
Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
oai:edoc.hu-berlin.de:18452/245662023-10-31T04:03:10Zcom_18452_25col_18452_26ddc:333.7doc-type:articlestatus-type:publishedVersiontextPublicationprimusopen_accessddc:330
Improving the Climate Resilience of Rice Farming in Flood-Prone Areas through Azolla Biofertilizer and Saline-Tolerant Varieties
Simarmata, Tualar
Prayoga, M. Khais
Setiawati, Mieke R.
Adinata, Kustiwa
Stöber, Silke
enriched Azolla extract (EAE)
liquid biofertilizer
saline-tolerant varieties
rice farming
flood
coastal area
climate change
Indonesia
333.7 Landflächen, Naturräume für Freizeit und Erholung, Naturreservate, Energie
ddc:333
Rice farming in coastal areas is often victim to flooding as a result of climate change. Low-cost adaptation strategies are required to increase resilience and rice productivity in these flood-prone coastal areas. In this study, enriched Azolla extract (EAE) liquid biofertilizers, combined with selected stress-tolerant rice varieties, were tested in farmers’ fields in Pangandaran, West Java from June to October 2020. This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of EAE in increasing the yield of different rice varieties. The research was arranged as a split-plot design with five replications. The main plot was the EAE application (T1 = 3 ton ha−1 compost and T2 = 3 ton ha−1 compost + 10 L ha−1 of EAE), and the sub-plots were stress-tolerant rice varieties (V1 = Inpari 43, V2 = Mawar, V3 = Inpari 30, V4 = Inpara 03, V5 = Mendawak). The application of EAE of 10 L ha−1 significantly affected the rice grain yield, which was 37.06% higher than that of the control plot. The average grain yield of the five varieties under EAE treatment (5.51 ton ha−1) was greater than the grain yield of local farmers’ fields (3.78−4.97 ton ha−1). Inpari 43 had the highest grain yield with 5.90 ton ha−1, but the yield was not significantly different from the Mendawak variety (4.90 ton ha−1). This result suggests that EAE and selected stress-tolerant rice varieties (Inpari 43 or Mendawak) are an effective adaptation strategy to increase rice farms’ resilience and productivity in coastal areas prone to flooding.
Peer Reviewed
2021-11-08
article
doc-type:article
publishedVersion
http://edoc.hu-berlin.de/18452/24566
urn:nbn:de:kobv:11-110-18452/24566-0
10.3390/su132112308
http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/23935
2071-1050
eng
(CC BY 4.0) Attribution 4.0 International
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
application/pdf
Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
oai:edoc.hu-berlin.de:18452/223142023-10-31T04:03:12Zcom_18452_25col_18452_26ddc:333.7doc-type:articlestatus-type:publishedVersiontextPublicationprimusopen_accessddc:550ddc:330
Diverse pathways—common phenomena
Comparing transitions of urban rainwater harvesting systems in Stockholm, Berlin and Barcelona
Suleiman, Lina
Olofsson, Bo
Saurí, David
Palau-Rof, Laura
García Soler, Natàlia
Papasozomenou, Ourania
Moss, Timothy
sociotechnical
transition
urban rainwater harvesting (URH)
Stockholm
Berlin
Barcelona
551 Geologie, Hydrologie, Meteorologie
333.7 Natürliche Resourcen, Energie und Umwelt
ddc:551
ddc:333
Urban rainwater management is the terrain of varied initiatives that challenge existing drainage systems. The initiatives that this article refers to as Urban Rainwater Harvesting (URH), promise a more sustainable urban water approach; however, they remain isolated “niche” projects. The article aims to investigate challenges and opportunities for mainstreaming alternative URHs as sociotechnical systems (STS). It identifies six analytical categories: context, actors, instruments, processes/dynamics, outputs and impacts as a framework for the analyses of URH projects in Stockholm, Berlin and Barcelona. Despite the diversity of socio-spatial contexts, driving forces, purposes, instruments used, technical designs and scale of URH projects, relevant factors for a breakthrough of these systems are discussed. Even though URHs have not yet become a common component of rainwater management in any of the cities, context-specific combinations of these factors are found to be essential if these systems are to become complementary options for the sustainable management of rainwater in cities.
Peer Reviewed
2019-07-05
article
doc-type:article
publishedVersion
http://edoc.hu-berlin.de/18452/22314
urn:nbn:de:kobv:11-110-18452/22314-7
http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/21559
10.1080/09640568.2019.1589432
eng
(CC BY 4.0) Attribution 4.0 International
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
application/pdf
Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
oai:edoc.hu-berlin.de:18452/217532020-03-07T05:07:14Zcom_18452_1col_18452_2ddc:333.7textPublicationopen_accessdoc-type:doctoralThesisddc:330
Governance of Inter-sectoral reallocation of water within the context of Urbanization in Hyderabad, India
Jakhalu, Atoho
Hagedorn, Konrad
Christoph, Dittrich
intersektorale Wasserkonflikt
Wassernutzung
Knight’s distributional Theorie
Wasserressourcen
Wassergovernance
inter-sectoral water conflict
Knight’s distrubutional theory
IAD Framework
water governance
333.7 Natürliche Resourcen, Energie und Umwelt
ZB 60165
ZD 64065
QT 600
ddc:333
Der intersektorale Wasserkonflikt zwischen urbaner und agrarischer Wassernutzung in
Hyderabad und die Konkurrenz zwischen den Bedürfnissen der Stadt und den Ansprüchen der
Landwirtschaft werden verschärft durch willkürliche Verteilungspraktiken, die den offiziellen
Zuteilungsrichtlinien oft widersprechen. Übersetzt in die Sprache von Ostrom, gilt die
vorliegende Untersuchung der Kernfrage, warum bestimmte praktizierte Regeln (rules-in-use)
fortbestehen, obwohl formale Regeln (rules-in-form) im Bereich der Nutzungsrechte an
Wasser vorhanden sind. Die Arbeit
versucht dementsprechend zu erklären, wie bestehende Institutionen und
Governancestrukturen die Interaktionen beteiligter Akteure und deren Verhalten beeinflussen
und wie daraus eine durch Willkür gekennzeichnete Umverteilung erwächst. Knights
Verteilungstheorie institutionellen Wandels und sein Ansatz über Machtressourcen vermögen
zu erklären, wie menschliche Interaktionen in Zusammenhang mit solchen Konflikten über
begrenzte Ressourcen zustande kommen.
Die Ergebnisse der Arbeit zeigen ebenfalls, welche Wirkungen die Charakteristika
verschiedener Gruppen von Wassernutzern und deren spezifische Abhängigkeit von
Wasserressourcen auf ihre Fähigkeit zur politischen Einflussnahme ausüben. Solche
Ausprägungen von Ressourcenabhängigkeiten bedingen Machtasymmetrien und erhöhen das
Ausmaß willkürlicher Umverteilungen von Wasser. Die Untersuchung identifiziert eine
Literaturlücke im Bereich der Politik der Wassergovernance, indem sie den Wählereinfluss als
Machtressource im Land-Stadt-Konflikt um Wasserressourcen empirisch belegt. Die Arbeit
zielt insgesamt darauf, das Erklärungspotential von Eigentumsrechtstheorien zu nutzen und
anhand von Wasserkonflikten in Hyderabad ein Beispiel zur Anwendbarkeit aktueller
Theorien institutionellen Wandels zu geben.
Hyderabad’s inter-sectoral water conflict and competition between the city’s urban needs and the agricultural sector have been fueled by persistent arbitrary water reallocations against the prescribed allocation guidelines. To translate the key question into Ostrom’s language; this study seeks to unravel the persistence of rules-in-use, despite the rules-in-form already in place within the realms of property rights. Ostrom’s Institutional Analysis and Development framework identifies exogenous variables and its influences on the role of institutions which shapes human interaction and decision making processes. It attempts to explain how the existing water-allocation mechanism has propagated the way rules and actors currently interact to influence such arbitrary water re-allocation. Knight’s distributional theory of institutional change and his concept of power resources provide good explanations of human interaction in the context of such conflicts over limited resources.
The study results also reveal how the characteristics of water-user groups and its dependence on water resource have the ability to exert political influence over water allocation. Such attributes of resource dependence characterizes power asymmetry, thereby increasing the scale of arbitrary water reallocations. Henceforth, this study addresses the gap in ‘politics of water governance’ in existing literature by empirically deriving ‘political electorate’ as a power resource in rural-urban water contestation. Overall, this study seeks to employ the theoretical explanations of property rights and attempts to provide a case on the applicability of contemporary theories of institutional change by taking the case study of Hyderabad’s water contestation.
2020-01-02
doctoralThesis
doc-type:doctoralThesis
http://edoc.hu-berlin.de/18452/21753
urn:nbn:de:kobv:11-110-18452/21753-1
http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/20847
eng
(CC BY-NC-ND 3.0 DE) Namensnennung - Nicht-kommerziell - Keine Bearbeitung 3.0 Deutschland
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/de/
application/pdf
Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
oai:edoc.hu-berlin.de:18452/226392023-10-31T04:03:16Zcom_18452_25col_18452_26ddc:333.7doc-type:articlestatus-type:publishedVersiontextPublicationprimusopen_accessddc:690ddc:330
Resilience through the Financialisation of Risks? The Case of a Dairy System in Northwest Germany
Popp, Thies R.
Nowack, Wiebke
agricultural policy
policy instruments
risk management tools
risk transfer
farming system
challenges
private and public goods
wellbeing
333.7 Natürliche Resourcen, Energie und Umwelt
690 Bau von Gebäuden
ddc:333
ddc:690
This article was supported by the German Research Foundation (DFG) and the Open Access Publication Fund of Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin.
State support for financial risk management schemes has been introduced in numerous agricultural policies to enhance farming system resilience in response to increased income fluctuations and partially reduced producer support levels in the agricultural sector. In order to better understand how financialisation of risks can contribute to an actual improvement of specific farming systems' resilience, this study investigates its effects with regards to dairy farming. Based on an in-depth case study of a dairy system in Northwest Germany, multilayered challenges faced by the farm system are identified, resilience strategies investigated and the role of financial risk management evaluated. In doing so, the resilience assessment framework developed by Meuwissen et al. (2019) is applied in order to analyse the systems' capacity to resist, adapt or transform in response to external challenges threatening the provision of system' functions. The results indicate a high relevance of insurances and savings with regards to the system's robustness against short-term shocks. However, to address the various long-term pressures, resilience-enhancing attributes that increase the system's capacity to adapt and transform would need to be strengthened. In particular, more cooperation and knowledge transfer beyond system boundaries could contribute to a holistic risk management allowing for improved farming system resilience.
Peer Reviewed
2020-08-03
article
doc-type:article
publishedVersion
http://edoc.hu-berlin.de/18452/22639
urn:nbn:de:kobv:11-110-18452/22639-7
10.3390/su12156226
http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/21947
2071-1050
eng
(CC BY 4.0) Attribution 4.0 International
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
application/pdf
Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
oai:edoc.hu-berlin.de:18452/234172021-04-19T07:26:13Zcom_18452_25col_18452_26ddc:333.7doc-type:articlestatus-type:publishedVersiontextPublicationprimusopen_accessddc:570ddc:330
Editorial: Essential Biomolecules Caught in the Food Web?
Müller-Navarra, Dörthe C.
Ruess, Liliane
essential biomolecules
fatty acids (FA)
amino acid (AA)
sterol
vitamins
trophic interaction
trophic markers
food web
570 Biologie
333.7 Natürliche Resourcen, Energie und Umwelt
ddc:570
ddc:333
Peer Reviewed
2019-12-10
article
doc-type:article
publishedVersion
http://edoc.hu-berlin.de/18452/23417
urn:nbn:de:kobv:11-110-18452/23417-6
10.3389/fevo.2019.00471
http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/22770
2296-701X
eng
(CC BY 4.0) Attribution 4.0 International
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
application/pdf
Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
oai:edoc.hu-berlin.de:18452/223072020-07-04T01:05:27Zcom_18452_25col_18452_26ddc:333.7doc-type:articlestatus-type:publishedVersiontextPublicationprimusopen_accessddc:330ddc:320
Socio-technical Change and the Politics of Urban Infrastructure
Managing Energy in Berlin between Dictatorship and Democracy
Moss, Timothy
Berlin
energy transitions
socio-technical change
urban infrastructure
320 Politikwissenschaft (Politik und Regierung)
333.7 Natürliche Resourcen, Energie und Umwelt
ddc:320
ddc:333
This publication is with permission of the rights owner freely accessible due to an Alliance licence and a national licence (funded by the DFG, German Research Foundation) respectively.
This paper reconstructs the trajectory of energy efficiency policies in Berlin from the 1920s to today in order to illustrate how the shifting political and socioeconomic conditions of a city can shape urban energy provision and consumption. Taking a long-term perspective on the relationship between urban transitions and energy policy, it investigates how the geo-political turbulence, regime diversity and socioeconomic volatility experienced by 20th-century Berlin influenced strategies of electricity generation and use in the city. Drawing on different ways of conceptualising change to socio-technical systems in the literature, the paper’s findings present a more differentiated picture of urban energy transitions than notions of path dependency and transition pathways imply, highlighting the importance of non-linear trends, political contestation and crisis discourses in and beyond the city and their relevance for reconfiguring urban energy systems today.
Peer Reviewed
2013-08-21
article
doc-type:article
publishedVersion
http://edoc.hu-berlin.de/18452/22307
urn:nbn:de:kobv:11-110-18452/22307-9
http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/21563
10.1177/0042098013500086
eng
http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/
application/pdf
Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
oai:edoc.hu-berlin.de:18452/218252020-03-07T05:08:41Zcom_18452_1col_18452_2ddc:333.7textPublicationopen_accessdoc-type:doctoralThesisddc:300ddc:330ddc:320
Governmental Payments for Ecosystem Services Programs in China
The Institutional Settings and Market-based Approach
Chen, Cheng
Müller, Klaus
Matzdorf, Bettina
Aenis, Thomas
Governance von Ökosystemleistungen
Ökokompensation
Governancestrukturen
Ökonomische Anreize
Sloping Land Conversion Program
Governance of ecosystem services
Eco-compensation
Governance structures
Economic incentives
Sloping Land Conversion Program
300 Sozialwissenschaften
333.7 Natürliche Resourcen, Energie und Umwelt
320 Politikwissenschaft (Politik und Regierung)
330 Wirtschaft
AR 28300
ZB 60462
QT 000
ddc:300
ddc:333
ddc:320
ddc:330
Meine Dissertation beschäftigt sich mit den institutionellen Aspekten staatlicher Zahlungen für Ökosystemleistungen (Payments for Ecosystem Services „PES“) in China. Marktbasierte Ansätze zur Steuerung von Ökosystemleistungen, insbesondere von PES, wurden in den letzten Jahrzehnten als neue und innovative Politikinstrumente angesehen. Entsprechend diesem internationalen Trend sind PES auch in China populär, werden jedoch meist mit dem inländischen Begriff der Ökokompensation beschrieben. Einen wirtschaftlichen Anreiz für Verhaltensänderungen zu schaffen, wenn das Ökokompensations-Programm nur ein Ausgleich für gesetzliche Einschränkungen ist, kann eine Herausforderung darstellen. Die Merkmale der Ökokompensation unterscheiden sich von anderen nationalen PES-Programmen, da sich das Governance-Modell, die Eigentumsrechte und die gesellschaftlichen Strukturen in China stark von anderen Staaten unterscheiden. Die Ökokompensation steht vor vielen institutionellen Herausforderungen, wenn es darum geht, ökonomische Anreize für Verhaltensänderungen zu schaffen. Zahlungen für Ökosystemleistungen, die Elemente sowohl eines freiwilligen, marktbasierten als auch eines hierarchischen Systems kombinieren, um mit den besonderen institutionellen Rahmenbedingungen umzugehen, wurden bisher noch nicht ausreichend untersucht. Eine Wissenslücke besteht insbesondere hinsichtlich der Anpassung des Designs von PES an die institutionellen Rahmenbedingungen in China.
Die Mechanismen von Zahlungen für Ökosystemleistungen in China unterscheiden sich in wichtigen Punkten von den aus der westlichen Erfahrung bekannten Mechanismen. Die vorliegende Dissertation zielt darauf ab, die Diskrepanz zwischen der allgemein gültigen Rahmung von Zahlungen von Ökosystemleistungen und der Realität ihrer Praxis zu verringern, indem sie eine institutionelle Analyse des chinesischen staatlichen PES-Programms vornimmt. Das Sloping Land Conversion Program (SLCP) gilt als eines der weltweit größten PES-Programme und ist ein wichtiger Bestandteil der Ökokompensation. Das erste Ziel dieser Dissertation ist es, anhand des SLCP als empirische Fallstudie zu verstehen, wie das institutionelle Design des staatlichen PES in China verbessert werden kann. Das zweite Ziel ist in einem breiteren internationalen Kontext zu sehen und zielt darauf ab, einen methodischen Beitrag zur Analyse der Governance von Ökosystemleistungen zu leisten. Die Dissertation folgt einer kumulativen Struktur, die aus einem Rahmentext besteht, in den fünf, von Experten begutachtete, Artikel aus internationalen Fachzeitschriften integriert sind.
Kapitel 1 ist eine Einführung, in der die Forschungslücken und die Forschungsziele im Hinblick auf staatliche PES beschrieben werden. Kapitel 2 liefert die theoretische Grundlage der institutionellen Ökonomie und zeigt die Bedeutung der Governance von Naturressourcen in China auf. Darauf aufbauend konkretisiert Kapitel 3 das Forschungsdesign, indem es die Forschungsziele in verschiedene Forschungsfragen untergliedert. Kapitel 4 beinhaltet den Ergebnisteil, der fünf Zeitschriftenartikel umfasst. Der erste Artikel liefert die konzeptionelle Grundlage für alle nachfolgenden Untersuchungen, die in dieser Dissertation vorgestellt werden, und gibt einen Überblick über die Wirksamkeit und die institutionellen Herausforderungen des chinesischen SLCP. Sowohl der zweite als auch der dritte Artikel sind empirische Untersuchungen. Der zweite Artikel untersucht, wie die sozioökonomischen und institutionellen Bedingungen Anreize für Haushalte in ländlichen Gebieten schaffen, um die primären Umweltziele des SLCP zu erreichen. Der dritte Artikel zeigt, wie lokale Dynamiken die Umsetzung des SLCP beeinflusst und geprägt haben. Der vierte Artikel veranschaulicht und diskutiert die im zweiten Artikel angewandte Methode im Vergleich zu einer weiteren Fallstudie in Deutschland. Der fünfte Artikel schließlich stellt die Stärken und Schwächen der im dritten Artikel angewandten Methode den Erfahrungen ähnlicher Studien in vier weiteren Ländern gegenüber. Zusammen liefern diese Artikel wichtige Beiträge für die beiden Ziele der Dissertation. Kapitel 5 beinhaltet die Synthese und Diskussion der Ergebnisse und Kapitel 6 schließt die Dissertation ab.
Das wichtigste Ergebnis dieser Dissertation ist, dass die Wirksamkeit des staatlichen PES in China das Ergebnis der Interaktion der treibenden sozialen Kräfte ist, während institutionelle Rahmenbedingungen und lokale Dynamiken eine Schlüsselrolle bei der Ausgestaltung der Programmumsetzung spielen. Das SLCP hätte unter bestimmten institutionellen Bedingungen ein großes Potenzial für die Schaffung signifikanter Skaleneffekte und für die Verbesserung der Umwelteffektivität. Allerdings weicht die derzeitige Umsetzung des SLCP wegen der besonderen institutionellen Rahmenbedingungen erheblich von dem von der Politik geförderten Marktansatz ab. Zwar haben die institutionellen Rahmenbedingungen die breite Akzeptanz und schnelle Entwicklung des SLCP in der Anfangsphase nicht behindert, doch gibt es keine Möglichkeit, einen langfristigen Erfolg im Hinblick auf die Umwelteffektivität zu erreichen, wenn die wichtigsten PES-Elemente fehlen. Der überwiegend von oben nach unten gerichtete Ansatz des Programms und das Fehlen von echter Freiwilligkeit, Konditionalität und Eigentumsrechten werden zusammen als kritische Faktoren verstanden, die mögliche Misserfolge langfristig erklären.
Ein weiterer Beitrag der Dissertation sind die methodischen Ansätze, die zum besseren Verständnis der Governance von Ökosystemleistungen beitragen. Diese Dissertation zeigt, dass Ansätze, die qualitative und quantitative Methoden kombinieren, wie z.B. Qualitative Vergleichende Analyse (Qualitative Comparative Analysis „QCA“) und Soziale Netzwerkanalyse (SNA), ein großes Potenzial für die institutionelle Analyse und partizipative Forschung von PES haben. Bei beiden Methoden wurde besonderes Augenmerk auf die detaillierte Beschreibung ihrer Anwendung sowie die damit verbundenen Vor- und Nachteile gelegt.
My dissertation focuses on institutional aspects of governmental payments for ecosystem services (PES) in China. Market-based approaches for ecosystem service governance, particular the PES, have been considered new and innovative policy instruments over the past decades. Corresponding to this international trend, PES schemes in China are mostly described by the domestic term eco-compensation. However, the characteristics of eco-compensation are distinct from other national PES programs, as governance model, property rights and societal structures in China are different to the PES theory. Eco-compensation faces many institutional challenges in creating economic incentives for behavioral change. However, PES that combines elements of both a voluntary market and hierarchy-based system in dealing with incomplete institutional settings has not yet been sufficiently addressed. In particular, there is a knowledge gap regarding fitting the design of PES and institutional settings in China together.
The mechanisms of PES in China differ in important ways from mechanisms familiar from the western experience. This dissertation aims to reduce the divergence between the common framing of PES and the reality of its practice by presenting the institutional analysis of China’s governmental PES program. As a major component of eco-compensation, the Sloping Land Conversion Program (SLCP) is considered one of the world’s largest PES programmes. By taking SLCP as an empirical case, the first objective of this dissertation is to understand how to improve the institutional design of governmental PES. The second lies in a broad international context, aiming at methodologically contributing to the analysis of ecosystem services governance. This dissertation follows a cumulative structure, integrating the framework text and five papers.
Chapter 1 is an introduction, outlining the research gaps and objectives of governmental PES. Chapter 2 provides a theoretical foundation to the institutional economic schools, their respective theories and the relevance of nature resource governance in China. Based on this, Chapter 3 confirms the research design by deconstructing the research objectives into different research questions. Chapter 4 is the results section, which comprises five papers. The first paper provides the conceptual basis for all subsequent studies presented in this dissertation, as it is an overview of the effectiveness and institutional challenges of China’s Sloping Land Conversion Program (SLCP). Both the second and third papers are empirical works. The second paper explores how socioeconomic and institutional conditions encourage rural households to reach the primary environmental goals of SLCP. The third paper shows how local dynamics derived and shaped the SLCP’s implementation. The fourth paper illustrates and discusses the method used in paper 2, comparing it with another case study in Germany. Finally, the fifth paper present the strengths and weaknesses of the method used in paper 3 based on the experiences of four different countries. Together, these papers deliver important contributions to both objectives. Chapter 5 is the synthesis and discussion, and Chapter 6 concludes the dissertation.
The key finding of this dissertation is that the effectiveness of governmental PES is a result of interacting driving forces, whereas institutional settings and local dynamics play key roles in shaping program implementation. The SLCP could achieve its potential in creating significant economies of scale and environmental effectiveness under certain institutional conditions. However, against incomplete institutional settings, the current implementation of SLCP has deviated substantially from the market approach promoted by policy makers. While the incomplete institutional settings did not prevent SLCP’s wide acceptance and fast development in its first phases, there is no by-pass to reach the long term success in terms of environmental effectiveness in the absence of key PES elements. The program’s predominantly top-down approach and lack of genuinely voluntary characteristics, conditionality and property rights are jointly understood to be critical factors that explain possible failures in the long-term.
Another contribution which this dissertation makes is in methodological approaches of ecosystem service governance. This dissertation has shown that mixed approaches combining qualitative and quantitative methods, such as Qualitative Comparative Analysis (QCA) and social network analysis (SNA), could have great potential for institutional analysis and participatory research for PES. The two methods were given particular emphasis in the detailed description of application, as well as in the inherent merits and limitations.
2020-01-24
doctoralThesis
doc-type:doctoralThesis
http://edoc.hu-berlin.de/18452/21825
urn:nbn:de:kobv:11-110-18452/21825-1
http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/21064
eng
http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/
application/pdf
Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
oai:edoc.hu-berlin.de:18452/211132020-03-07T05:05:21Zcom_18452_25col_18452_26ddc:333.7doc-type:articlestatus-type:publishedVersiontextPublicationprimusopen_accessddc:330
Modelling of Urban Near-Road Atmospheric PM Concentrations Using an Artificial Neural Network Approach with Acoustic Data Input
Paas, Bastian
Stienen, Jonas
Vorländer, Michael
Schneider, Christoph
ANN
neural networks
machine learning
particulate matter
prediction
motor traffic
acoustics
sound
333.7 Natürliche Resourcen, Energie und Umwelt
ddc:333
Air quality assessment is an important task for local authorities due to several adverse health effects that are associated with exposure to e.g., urban particle concentrations throughout the world. Based on the consumption of costs and time related to the experimental works required for standardized measurements of particle concentration in the atmosphere, other methods such as modelling arise as integrative options, on condition that model performance reaches certain quality standards. This study presents an Artificial Neural Network (ANN) approach to predict atmospheric concentrations of particle mass considering particles with an aerodynamic diameter of 0.25–1 μm (PM(0.25–1)), 0.25–2.5 μm (PM(0.25–2.5)), 0.25–10 μm (PM(0.25–10)) as well as particle number concentrations of particles with an aerodynamic diameter of 0.25–2.5 μm (PNC(0.25–2.5)). ANN model input variables were defined using data of local sound measurements, concentrations of background particle transport and standard meteorological data. A methodology including input variable selection, data splitting and an evaluation of their performance is proposed. The ANN models were developed and tested by the use of a data set that was collected in a street canyon. The ANN models were applied furthermore to a research site featuring an inner-city park to test the ability of the approach to gather spatial information of aerosol concentrations. It was observed that ANN model predictions of PM(0.25–10) and PNC(0.25–2.5) within the street canyon case as well as predictions of PM(0.25–2.5), PM(0.25–10) and PNC(0.25–2.5) within the case study of the park area show good agreement to observations and meet quality standards proposed by the European Commission regarding mean value prediction. Results indicate that the ANN models proposed can be a fairly accurate tool for assessment in predicting particle concentrations not only in time but also in space.
Peer Reviewed
2017-03-26
article
doc-type:article
publishedVersion
http://edoc.hu-berlin.de/18452/21113
urn:nbn:de:kobv:11-110-18452/21113-4
10.3390/environments4020026
http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/20358
2076-3298
eng
(CC BY 4.0) Attribution 4.0 International
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
application/pdf
Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
oai:edoc.hu-berlin.de:18452/222032020-06-12T01:09:27Zcom_18452_25col_18452_26ddc:333.7doc-type:articlestatus-type:publishedVersiontextPublicationprimusopen_accessddc:330ddc:320
The Chilean energy "transition"
Between successful policy and the assimilation of a post-political energy condition
Flores-Fernández, Cristián
energy policy
energy transition
Chile
depoliticization
non conventional renewable energies
333.7 Natürliche Resourcen, Energie und Umwelt
320 Politikwissenschaft (Politik und Regierung)
ddc:333
ddc:320
This article was supported by the Open Access Publication Fund of Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin.
The Chilean energy transition has been internationally recognized as a case of successful public policy in the promotion of renewable energies, even being defined as an “energy revolution”. However, a preliminary analysis of the process allow us to sustain that the incorporation of non-conventional renewable sources to the energy matrix has not modified the technocratic model ofmarket-based management, the ownership structure of the projects, nor has it implied an advance towards democratic and decentralized energy systems that promote local development and the effective participation of communities in energy decision-making. It is concluded that the socio-technical process of the Chilean energy transition has given rise to a post-political energy condition, and that behind the technological success and consensus around the transition there is a perpetuation of power relations and structures of capitalist appropriation and management of energy resources.
Peer Reviewed
2020-04-07
article
doc-type:article
publishedVersion
1351-1610
http://edoc.hu-berlin.de/18452/22203
urn:nbn:de:kobv:11-110-18452/22203-9
http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/21463
1469-8412
10.1080/13511610.2020.1749836
eng
(CC BY 4.0) Attribution 4.0 International
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
application/pdf
Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
oai:edoc.hu-berlin.de:18452/212472020-03-07T05:04:50Zcom_18452_25col_18452_26ddc:333.7doc-type:articlestatus-type:publishedVersiontextPublicationprimusopen_accessddc:330ddc:630
Smallholders’ Preferences for Different Contract Farming Models: Empirical Evidence from Sustainable Certified Coffee Production in Vietnam
Hung Anh, Nguyen
Bokelmann, Wolfgang
Thi Thuan, Ngo
Thi Nga, Do
Van Minh, Nguyen
contract farming
smallholder
certified coffee production
multinomial logistic regression
333.7 Natürliche Resourcen, Energie und Umwelt
630 Landwirtschaft und verwandte Bereiche
ddc:333
ddc:630
This article was supported by the German Research Foundation (DFG) and the Open Access Publication Fund of Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin.
Contract farming is considered as institutional arrangements that manage the coordination of production and distribution between smallholder farmers and agro-industrial firms. Under the market reforms and industrialization process, contract farming links smallholder farmers to a better market through effective farming management and high-quality products. Despite the many benefits attributed to participation, the existing literature addresses the main issues that result in the opposing attitudes and motivations toward contract farming. This study therefore aims to analyze factors that influence the choices of smallholder farmers for different contract faming models using multinomial logistic (MNL) regression. Different contract attributes and socio-economic characteristics of farmer households are used as endogenous variables in the MNL model. Based on a research sample of 183 smallholder farmers involved in certified coffee production in Dak Lak province, Vietnam, the study revealed that there are different typologies of production contract including the informal model, intermediary model, and nucleus estate model. Significant factors that affect smallholders’ preferences for different contract farming models are gender, farm size, the provision of inputs, price option, technical assistance, delivery schedule, and monitoring. Main issues that induce failures of contract farming are farmer’s overdependence and the monopolistic power of industrial coffee firms in the nucleus estate model, as well as the information asymmetry in the informal model. In addition, a cost-benefit analysis symbolizes the role of the cooperative in the intermediary model, which is essential for augmenting win-win outcomes for smallholder farmers and industrial coffee firms.
Peer Reviewed
2019-07-11
article
doc-type:article
publishedVersion
http://edoc.hu-berlin.de/18452/21247
urn:nbn:de:kobv:11-110-18452/21247-1
10.3390/su11143799
http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/20486
2071-1050
eng
(CC BY 4.0) Attribution 4.0 International
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
application/pdf
Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
oai:edoc.hu-berlin.de:18452/212572023-10-31T04:03:35Zcom_18452_25col_18452_26ddc:333.7doc-type:articlestatus-type:publishedVersiontextPublicationprimusopen_accessddc:690ddc:330
Residential Greenery: State of the Art and Health-Related Ecosystem Services and Disservices in the City of Berlin
Battisti, Luca
Pille, Lauranne
Wachtel, Thomas
LARCHER, FEDERICA
Säumel, Ina
allergenic potential
ecosystem services
green gentrification
wellbeing
multifunctional living environments
urban horticulture
333.7 Natürliche Resourcen, Energie und Umwelt
690 Bau von Gebäuden
ddc:333
ddc:690
Inclusively accessible green areas are essential for livable cities. The residential greenery on a door’s step of urban dwellers has rarely been the subject of research. Here we provide insights into the state of the art of residential greenery in Berlin, Germany. We focus on socially disadvantaged neighborhoods exposed to high loads of environmental stressors and belonging to four relevant building types of Central European cities. 32 plots in eight sample areas were randomly chosen and surveyed during 2017 and 2018. We surveyed the presence of structural elements, the presence and abundance of woody species and the health-related ecosystem (dis-)services (i.e., species’ air filtration and allergenic potential). We analysed the similarity among tree species to assess plant use patterns. The air cleaning and allergenic potential of woody species were assigned based on literature. In order to discuss strategies to improve residential greenery, we performed an analysis of strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats of these green spaces. We revealed a high dissimilarity of woody species assemblages across sites and within different building types, indicating no common plant use fashion. Recorded species provide moderate to high air filtering capacity. One to two third of all trees have a high allergenic potential that has to be addressed in future plant use decisions. Bike racks, benches, lights and playgrounds are common elements, whereas bioswales, facade-bound greening, atrium, fountains or ponds are rare. Their implementation can enhance the health and wellbeing of local residents. Building-attached greenery can improve densely built up areas of the Wilhelminian period, whereas space-intensive measures can be implemented in the spacious greenery of row–buildings settlements of the 1920s–1970s and of large housing estates of the 1970s–1980s. We revealed a high motivation for (co-)design and care by residents and discussed strategies on transformation towards multi-functional, healthy and biodiversity-friendly residential greeneries.
Peer Reviewed
2019-03-26
article
doc-type:article
publishedVersion
http://edoc.hu-berlin.de/18452/21257
urn:nbn:de:kobv:11-110-18452/21257-6
10.3390/su11061815
http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/20498
2071-1050
eng
(CC BY 4.0) Attribution 4.0 International
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
application/pdf
Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
oai:edoc.hu-berlin.de:18452/206652020-03-07T05:01:21Zcom_18452_1col_18452_2ddc:333.7textPublicationopen_accessdoc-type:doctoralThesisddc:330
Using Life Cycle Assessment in Agriculture
Methodological considerations of variability and uncertainty in dairy carbon footprints
Schueler, Maximilian
Prochnow, Annette
Möller, Andreas
Unsicherheit
Milch
ökologisch
Ökobilanz
Methode
LCA
Uncertainty
dairy
organic
milk
LCA
methodology
333.7 Natürliche Resourcen, Energie und Umwelt
ZA 57000
ZB 92200
ZE 26000
ddc:333
Mit Ökobilanzen werden Umwelteigenschaften von Produkten und Dienstleistungen analysiert und zunehmend bei der Bewertung von Milchproduktionssystemen eingesetzt. Um konsistente Berichterstattung und Vergleichbarkeit von produktbezogenen Treibhausgasemissionen im Milchsektor zu gewährleisten hat die International Dairy Federation (IDF) Berechnungsgrundlagen publiziert. Allerdings werden die Effekte von Variabilität betrieblicher Kennzahlen und Unsicherheit von Emissionsfaktoren unzureichend betrachtet. Diese Arbeit hat es zum Ziel diese Lücke zu schließen.
In der ersten Studie wurden verschiedene Definitions- und Berechnungsmöglichkeiten des Referenzflusses und der funktionellen Einheit für die Klimabilanz von Milchproduktion verglichen. Eine hohe Bandbreite an möglichen Ergebnissen – bei gleichen Eingangsdaten – ermöglicht eine große Ergebnisunsicherheit. Die Voraussetzungen für zeitliche Repräsentativität wurden in der zweiten Studie untersucht. Über 6 aufeinanderfolgende Jahre wurde auf einem ökologischen Milchviehbetrieb in Norddeutschland die Klimabilanz mit einem detaillierten Stoffflussmodel analysiert. Dabei zeigte es sich, dass für den untersuchten Betrieb mindestens 4 aufeinanderfolgende Jahre untersucht werden müssen um belastbare Ergebnisse zu erzielen. Die dritte Studie befasst sich mit der Forderung mindestens ein Stufe 2 Verfahren der Methodik des IPCC zu verwenden. Mit Daten von 20 norwegischen Milchviehbetrieben wurde die Unsicherheit der Klimabilanz auf Basis von Tier 1 Berechnungen bei bodenbürtigen Emissionen mit dem FARM Modell ermittelt. Von allen 190 direkten Vergleichen von zwei Betrieben miteinander waren 78 % signifikant unterschiedlich
Aus den drei Studien wird geschlossen, dass die existierenden Regeln zur Erstellung von Klimabilanzen von Milchproduktion teilweise zu unpräzise und teilweise zu streng sind, und damit sowohl Erstellung als auch Interpretation von betrieblichen Klimabilanzen in der Milchproduktion erschwert werden.
Life cycle assessment (LCA) analyses the environmental performance of products and services and has become increasingly important also for the environmental assessment of dairy systems. In order to create consistent results for communication, declaration and comparison, the International Dairy Federation (IDF) provides a guideline for the calculation of product-related greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in the dairy sector. However, the effects of farm data variability and emission factor uncertainty on the comparability of GHG assessments on the farming level are seldom considered. This thesis aims to fill this gap.
In the first study, different settings in the definition of energy corrected milk (ECM) and the reference flows were compared in a calculation example based on average farming data. A high bandwidth of the carbon footprint result indicated a severe uncertainty when calculation procedures are not well documented. The second case study examined the production data from six consecutive milk years in an organic dairy farm in northern Germany and its effect on the estimation of product-related GHG emissions. It was shown that data from at least four years is needed to provide reliable results for that farm. The third study dealt with the demand of the IDF guidelines to use at least Tier 2 in the methodology of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). Using data from 20 Norwegian dairy farms, the uncertainty of the carbon footprint using Tier 1 of the IPCC guidelines within the FARM model was assessed. From all 190 direct comparisons of two farms in the study, 78 % of the comparisons were significantly different with a relative difference of 8.7 % being enough to establish significance of the difference.
From the three studies it was concluded that existing rules may partly not be precise enough to allow for comparison of farms or farming systems, or partly too strict and thereby hindering the execution of carbon footprint studies.
2019-04-12
doctoralThesis
doc-type:doctoralThesis
http://edoc.hu-berlin.de/18452/20665
urn:nbn:de:kobv:11-110-18452/20665-7
http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/19867
eng
10.3220/LBF1538632028000
10.1007/s11367-017-1307-x
10.1016/j.jclepro.2017.12.227
http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/
application/pdf
Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
oai:edoc.hu-berlin.de:18452/29682020-03-07T04:02:38Zcom_18452_49com_18452_45com_18452_5col_18452_60ddc:333.7doc-type:bookParttextPublicationprimusopen_accessddc:020ddc:330
No money, no travel, no problem
Sustainability through virtual – not only library – services and collaborations
Williams, Beth Filar
Koester, Annabelle
Hauke, Petra
Latimer, Karen
Werner, Klaus
Bibliothek
Nachhaltigkeit
Ökologie
Bauwesen
020 Bibliotheks- und Informationswissenschaften
333.7 Natürliche Ressourcen, Energie, Umwelt
ddc:020
ddc:333
Nachhaltigkeit wird oft als ein gesundes Gleichgewicht zwischen Umwelt, Wirtschaft und Gleichstellung beschrieben. Online Learning kann diese drei verbundenen Konzepte der Nachhaltigkeit fördern. Hierdurch eröffnen sich neue Möglichkeiten für mehr Menschen, sich global miteinander zu vernetzen, ohne Einsatz von Geld oder ökologischen Ressourcen für Reisen. Der Beitrag diskutiert die Idee von nachhaltigen Bibliotheksservices und Möglichkeiten, die sich durch die virtuelle Welt ergeben. Die beiden Autorinnen präsentieren außerdem ihre Erfahrung eines rein virtuellen Praktikums, um die praktische Anwendung dieser Ideen zu verdeutlichen.
Sustainability is often described as a healthy balance between the environment, economy and equality. Online learning can promote the three tiered concepts of sustainability through opening up opportunities for more people globally to connect without the need for a lot of money or ecological resources to travel. This article discusses the idea of sustainable library services and opportunities through the virtual world. The two authors also present a case study of their online-only virtual internship experiences to demonstrate firsthand the application of these ideas.
2015-10-01
bookPart
doc-type:bookPart
http://edoc.hu-berlin.de/18452/2968
urn:nbn:de:kobv:11-100232819
http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/2316
eng
http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/
application/pdf
Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Philosophische Fakultät I, Institut für Bibliotheks- und Informationswissenschaft
oai:edoc.hu-berlin.de:18452/222052023-10-31T04:03:37Zcom_18452_25col_18452_26ddc:333.7doc-type:articlestatus-type:publishedVersiontextPublicationprimusopen_accessddc:300ddc:330ddc:620
Shades of Conflict in Kyrgyzstan
National Actor Perceptions and Behaviour in Mining
Ocaklı, Beril
Krueger, Tobias
Niewöhner, Jörg
gold mining
shared beliefs and norms
transaction cost economics
local commons
622 Bergbau und verwandte Tätigkeiten
300 Sozialwissenschaften
333.7 Natürliche Resourcen, Energie und Umwelt
ddc:622
ddc:300
ddc:333
This article was supported by the German Research Foundation (DFG) and the Open Access Publication Fund of Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin.
Confronted with advancing resource frontiers, local communities increasingly rely on conflict to re-establish order in the face of problematic interdependences brought about by mining transactions. This article captures the interactions at national level that engender these interdependences in the first place. We explore how national actor groups influence emerging regularities of behaviour in mining through the example of gold mining in Kyrgyzstan – a fragile resource-dependent country divided by mining conflicts. For the analysis of these emerging patterns of behaviour, we focus on shared beliefs and norms that in interaction with perceived dimensions of transactions provide motivation to act. The identified regularities of behaviour help differentiate the otherwise crude dichotomy of conflict and cooperation, pointing to shades of conflicts. Mining conflicts in Kyrgyzstan are driven by profound structural factors that are rooted in weak governance, lack of institutional trust and limited cooperation across national actor groups. Risks and costs are distributed to outgroups, threatening the local social-ecological systems and further fragmenting Kyrgyz society. If extraction continues in the current mode of governance, resource-based grievances are likely to persist in Kyrgyzstan, as mining will increasingly encroach on local ecosystems, livelihoods and cultural commons – unless the national perceptions and shared beliefs change.
Peer Reviewed
2020-02-20
article
doc-type:article
publishedVersion
http://edoc.hu-berlin.de/18452/22205
urn:nbn:de:kobv:11-110-18452/22205-1
http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/21464
1875-0281
10.5334/ijc.988
eng
(CC BY 4.0) Attribution 4.0 International
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
application/pdf
text/xml
Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
oai:edoc.hu-berlin.de:18452/201252023-10-31T04:03:38Zcom_18452_25col_18452_26ddc:333.7doc-type:articlestatus-type:publishedVersiontextPublicationprimusopen_accessddc:550ddc:330
Property-level direct and indirect deforestation for soybean production in the Amazon region of Mato Grosso, Brazil
Gollnow, Florian
Hissa, Leticia de Barros Viana
Rufin, Philippe
Lakes, Tobia
Soy Moratorium
Zero-deforestation
Land use change
Leakage
Displacement
Forest governance
Deforestation free supply-chain
Sustainable supply-chain
333.7 Natürliche Resourcen, Energie und Umwelt
558 Geowissenschaften Südamerikas
ddc:333
ddc:558
Nachgenutzt gemäß den CC-Bestimmungen des Lizenzgebers bzw. einer im Dokument selbst enthaltenen CC-Lizenz.
Brazil’s Soy Moratorium solidified the world’s largest traders’ commitment to stop soybean purchases from production areas deforested after July 2006. The aim was to remove deforestation from the soybean supply-chain and halt one of the main drivers of forest loss in the Amazon biome. In this study, we investigated changes in deforestation at the property-level for the period 2004 to 2014. The objective was to examine direct and indirect deforestation, defined as on-property displacement and cross-parcel displacement deforestation for soybean expansion in the Amazon region of Mato Grosso, the leading soy-producing state of the Brazilian Amazon. We used publicly available property and land use data to quantify deforestation associated with cropland expansion. Similar to previous studies, we found that direct deforestation for soybean expansion declined following the implementation of the Soy Moratorium. Moreover, our analysis suggest that indirect deforestation occurred already before the implementation of the Soy Moratorium, and decreased following the first period of analyses. However, slight increases of indirect deforestation in the more recent periods, combined with decreasing direct deforestations rendered indirect deforestation to be responsible for more than half of the deforestation associated with soybean expansion. While we acknowledge the overall reduction of deforestation for soybean, our results suggest, given the increasing trends of deforestation in the Brazilian Amazon since 2013, to address indirect deforestation within the Soy Moratorium. This may be achieved by zero-property-deforestation commitments and by strengthening the integration between supply-chain actors, the soybean and beef purchasing companies and the federal policies aiming to control deforestation.
Peer Reviewed
2018-07-14
article
doc-type:article
publishedVersion
0264-8377
http://edoc.hu-berlin.de/18452/20125
urn:nbn:de:kobv:11-110-18452/20125-6
http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/19363
10.1016/j.landusepol.2018.07.010
eng
(CC BY-NC-ND 4.0) Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
application/pdf
Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
oai:edoc.hu-berlin.de:18452/212242020-03-07T05:03:21Zcom_18452_25col_18452_26ddc:333.7doc-type:articlestatus-type:publishedVersiontextPublicationprimusopen_accessddc:690ddc:330
Governing Transactions and Interdependences between Linked Value Chains in a Circular Economy: The Case of Wastewater Reuse in Braunschweig (Germany)
Maaß, Oliver
Grundmann, Philipp
agriculture
wastewater reuse
irrigation
value chains
linkage
interdependence
institutions
governance structures
transaction costs
circular economy
333.7 Natürliche Resourcen, Energie und Umwelt
690 Bau von Gebäuden
ddc:333
ddc:690
Reusing wastewater in agriculture has attracted increasing attention as a strategy to support the transition towards the circular economy in the water and agriculture sector. As a consequence, there is great interest in solutions for governing the transactions and interdependences between the associated value chains. This paper explores the institutions and governance structures for coordinating transactions and interdependences between actors in linked value chains of wastewater treatment and crop production. It aims to analyze how transactions and interdependences shape the governance structures for reusing wastewater at the local level. A transaction costs analysis based on data from semi-structured interviews and a questionnaire is applied to the agricultural wastewater reuse scheme of the Wastewater Association Braunschweig (Germany). The results show that different governance structures are needed to match with the different properties and requirements of the transactions and activities between linked value chains of wastewater treatment and crop production. Interdependences resulting from transactions between wastewater providers and farmers increase the need for hybrid and hierarchical elements in the governance structures for wastewater reuse. The authors conclude that aligning governance structures with transactions and interdependences is key to efficiently governing transactions and interdependences between linked value chains in a circular economy.
Peer Reviewed
2018-04-09
article
doc-type:article
publishedVersion
http://edoc.hu-berlin.de/18452/21224
urn:nbn:de:kobv:11-110-18452/21224-1
10.3390/su10041125
http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/20456
2071-1050
eng
(CC BY 4.0) Attribution 4.0 International
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
application/pdf
Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
oai:edoc.hu-berlin.de:18452/212152023-10-31T04:03:40Zcom_18452_25col_18452_26ddc:333.7doc-type:articlestatus-type:publishedVersiontextPublicationprimusopen_accessddc:690ddc:330
Exploring Farmers’ Indigenous Knowledge of Soil Quality and Fertility Management Practices in Selected Farming Communities of the Guinea Savannah Agro-Ecological Zone of Ghana
Omari, Richard
Sonoko Bellingrath-Kimura, Dorothea
Sarkodee-Addo, Elsie
Oikawa, Yosei
Fujii, Yoshiharu
Ghana
Guinea savannah ecological zone
farmer
soil health
soil health indicator
fertilization
indigenous knowledge
Ferric Acrisol/Ferric Lixisol
333.7 Natürliche Resourcen, Energie und Umwelt
690 Bau von Gebäuden
ddc:333
ddc:690
Efforts to improve soil productive capacity aimed at boosting crop production in the Northern Ghana has primarily focused on field-based experiments with little documentation on farmer practice and local indigenous knowledge of soil management. A sample group of 114 farmers from five farming communities in the Guinea Savannah was interviewed to evaluate their indigenous knowledge of crop production practices in the context of soil health, fertilization management, and crop yield. Data were collected using semi-structured interviews and responses for each category were calculated using simple proportions. Farmers’ fertilization practice was primarily influenced by fertilization resource availability and crop yield response. The results showed that inorganic fertilization was the commonest fertilization type among farmers. Farmer local indicators of soil health were predominantly limited to visually observable signs such as presence or absence of indicator plants, growth vigor of plants, soil color, and tilth, texture, and compaction. Non-tactile and visible indicators, notably soil chemical composition and presence of soil microorganisms, was rarely used. The listed indicators were congruent with scientific reports, although some knowledge gaps, particularly on the use of indicator plants, were identified. The use of indicator plants as determinants of healthy or non-healthy soils appeared to be influenced by the ease of control of weeds, its utilitarian benefits, benefits to the soil, and threats on cultivated crops. Famers were well informed about the decreasing crop yield. Fertilization practices and limitations in soil management practices with proposed capacity building approaches aimed at enhancing productive capacities of cultivated farmlands are discussed.
Japan Society for the Promotion of Science
Peer Reviewed
2018-03-30
article
doc-type:article
publishedVersion
http://edoc.hu-berlin.de/18452/21215
urn:nbn:de:kobv:11-110-18452/21215-1
10.3390/su10041034
http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/20446
2071-1050
eng
(CC BY 4.0) Attribution 4.0 International
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
application/pdf
Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
oai_dc///ddc:333.7/100