Wolf, Tilo: Nichtinvasive Messung von regionalen cerebralen Oxygenierungsänderungen während Leão´s ”cortical spreading depression“ und spontanen Depolarisationen bei fokaler cerebraler Ischämie mit der Nah-Infrarot-Spektroskopie.

52

Literatur

Amemori T , Bures J 1988 "Functional ablation of the olfactory bulb by spreading depression: unit activity changes and transient anosmia." Brain Res Bull 20: 421-427

Andersen BJ , Marmarou A 1992 "Functional compartmentalization of energy production in neural tissue." Brain Res 585: 190-195

Back T , Ginsberg MD , Dietrich WD , Watson BD 1996 "Induction of spreading depression in the ischemic hemisphere following experimental middle cerebral artery occlusion: effect on infarct morphology." J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 16: 202-213

Back T , Hoehn-Berlage M , Kohno K , Hossmann KA 1994 a "Diffusion Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Experimental Stroke - Correlation with Cerebral Metabolites." Stroke 25: 494-500

Back T , Kohno K , Hossmann KA 1994 b "Cortical negative DC deflections following middle cerebral artery occlusion and KCl-induced spreading depression: Effect on blood flow, tissue oxygenation, and electroencephalogram." J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 14: 12-19

Barres BA 1991 "New roles for glia." J Neurosci 11: 3685-3694

Bonthius DJ , Lothman EW , Steward O 1994 "The role of extracellular ionic changes in upregulating the mRNA for glial fibrillary acidic protein following spreading depression." Brain Res 674: 314-328

Brown MM , Marshall J 1985 "Regulation of cerebral blood flow in response to changes in blood viscosity." Lancet 604-609

Bures J , Buresova O , Krivanek J 1974 The mechanism and applications of Leao's spreading depression of electroencephalic activity. Academia , Prague

Buresova O , Bures J 1985 "Unilateral and bilateral cortical spreading depression interferes with radial maze performance in rats." Brain Res 344: 365-368


53

Chance B 1977 "Molecular basis of O2 affinity for cytochrome oxydase." In: Jöbsis FF (ed) Oxygen and physiological function. Professional Information Library , Dallas, Texas ,

Chance B , Williams GR 1955 "Respiratory enzymes in oxydative phosphorylation." J Biol Chem 217: 383-427

Colonna DM , Meng W , Deal DD , Busija DW 1994 "Nitric oxide promotes arteriolar dilation during cortical spreading depression in rabbits." Stroke 25: 2463-2470

Cope M , Delpy DT 1988 a "System for long term measurement of cerebral blood and tissue oxygenation in newborn infants by near infrared transillumination." Med Biol Eng Comp 32;11: 1457-1467

Cope M , Delpy DT , Reynolds EO , Wray S , Wyatt J , Van-der-Zee P 1988 b "Methods of quantitating cerebral near infrared spectroscopy data." Adv Exp Med Biol 222: 183-189

Csiba L , Paschen W , Mies G 1985 "Regional changes in tissue pH and glucose content during cortical spreading depression in rat brain." Brain Res 336: 167-170

Danneel H 1897 "Über den durch diffundierende Gase hervorgerufenen Reststrom." Zeitschrift für Elektrochemie 4: 227-227

Delpy DT , Arridge SR , Cope M , Edwards D , Reynolds EOR , Richardson CE , Wray S , Wyatt JS , van der Zee P 1989 "Quantitation of pathlength in optical spectroscopy." Adv Exp Med Biol 247: 41-46

Delpy DT , Cope M , van der Zee P , Arridge S , Wray S , Wyatt J 1988 "Estimation of optical pathlength through tissue from direct time of flight measurement." Phys Med Biol 33:

Dietrich WD , Feng ZC , Leistra H , Watson BD , Rosenthal M 1994 "Photothrombotic infarction triggers multiple episodes of cortical spreading depression in distant brain regions." J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 14: 20-28

Dirnagl U , Kaplan B , Jacewicz M , Pulsinelli W 1989 "Continuous measurement of cerebral cortical blood flow by laser- Doppler flowmetry in a rat stroke model." J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 9: 589-596

Dirnagl U , Niwa K , Lindauer U , Villringer A 1994 "Coupling of cerebral blood flow to neuronal activation: Role of adenosine and nitric oxide." Am J Physiol 267: H296-H301


54

Dora E , Gyulai L , Kovach AG 1984 "Determinants of brain activation-induced cortical NAD/NADH responses in vivo." Brain Res 299 : 61-72

Dreier JP , Körner K , Görner A , Lindauer U , Weih M , Villringer A , Dirnagl U 1995 "Nitric oxide modulates the CBF response to increased extracellular potassium." J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 14: 914-919

Duckrow RB 1993 "A brief hypoperfusion precedes spreading depression if nitric oxide sythesis is inhibited." Brain Res 618 (2) : 190-195

Duckrow RB , Beard DC , Brennan RW 1985 "Regional cerebral blood flow decreases during hyperglycemia." Ann Neurol 17: 267-272

Duncan A , Meek JH , Clemence M , Elwell L , Tyszczuk M , Cope M , Delpy DT 1995 "Optical pathlength measurements on adult head, calf and forearm and the head of the newborn infant using phase resolved optical spectroscopy." Phys Med Biol 40: 295-304

Edwards AD , Brown GC , Cope M , Wyatt JS , McCormick DC , Roth SC , Delpy DT , Reynolds EO 1991 "Quantification of concentration changes in neonatal human cerebral oxidized cytochrome oxidase." J Appl Physiol 71: 1907-1913

Erecinska M , Nelson D , Chance B 1997 "Depolarization-induced changes in cellular energy production." Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 88: 7600-7604

Ferrari M , Giannini I , Carpi A , Fasella P 1983 "Non-invasive near infrared spectroscopy of brain in fluorocarbon exchange-transfused rats." Physiol Chem Phys Med NMR . 15: 107-113

Ferrari M , Hanley DF , Wilson DA , Traystman RJ 1990 "Cerebral cytochrome-C-oxidase copper band quantification in perfluorocarbon exchange transfused cats." Adv Exp Med Biol 277: 85-93

Fox PT , Raichle ME , Mintun MA , Dence C 1988 "Nonoxidative Glucose Consumption During Focal Physiologic Activity." Science 241: 462-464

Frostig RD , Lieke EE , Tso DY , Grinvald A 1990 "Cortical functional architecture and local coupling between neuronal activity and the microcirculation revealed by in vivo high resolution optical imaging of intrinsic signals." Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 87: 6082-6086


55

Gault LM , Lin CW , LaManna JC , Lust WD 1994 "Changes in energy metabolites, cGMP and intracellular pH during cortical spreading depression ." Brain Res 641: 176-180

Gehrmann J , Mies G , Bonnekoh P , Banati R , Iijima T , Kreutzberg GW , Hossmann KA 1993 "Microglial reaction in the rat cerebral cortex induced by cortical spreading depression ." Brain Pathol 3: 11-17

Gjedde A , Hansen AJ , Quistorff B 1981 "Blood-brain glucose transfer in spreading depression." J Neurochem 37: 807-812

Gjedde A , Ohta S , Kuwabara H , Meyer E 1991 "Is oxygen diffusion limiting for blood-brain transfer of oxygen?" In: Lassen NA, Ingvar DH, Raichle ME, Friberg L (eds) Brain work and mental activity. Munksgaard, Copenhagen : 177

Grinvald A , Lieke E , Frostig RD , Gilbert CD , Wiesel TN 1986 "Functional architecture of cortex revealed by optical imaging of intrinsic signals." Nature 324: 361-364

Hansen A 1978 "The extracellular potassium concentration in brain cortex following ischemia in hypo- and hyperglycemic rats." Acta Physiol Scand 102: 324-329

Hansen AJ , Olsen CE 1980 "Brain extracellular space during spreading depression and ischemia." Acta Physiol Scand 108: 355-365

Hansen AJ , Zeuthen T 1981 "Extracellular ion concentrations during spreading depression and ischemia in the rat brain cortex." Acta Physiol Scand 113: 437-445

Hardebo JE 1991 "Migraine--why and how a cortical excitatory wave may initiate the aura and headache." Headache . 31: 213-221

Hasegawa M , Houdou S , Takashima S , Tatsuno M , Okuyama K , Suzuki S 1992 "Monitoring of immature rabbit brain during hypoxia with near- infrared spectroscopy. Pediatr." Neurol . 8: 47-50

Haselgrove JC , Bashford CL , Barlow CH , Quistorff B , Chance B , Mayevsky A 1990 "Time resolved 3-dimensional recording of redox ratio during spreading depression in gerbil brain." Brain Res 506: 109-114


56

Herreras O , Largo C , Ibarz JM , Somjen GG , Delrio RM 1994 "Role of neuronal synchronizing mechanisms in the propagation of spreading depression in the in vivo hippocampus." J Neurosci 14: 7087-7098

Hossmann KA 1994 "Viability thresholds and the penumbra of focal ischemia." Ann Neurol 36: 557-565

Hossmann KA 1996 "Periinfarct Depolarizations." Cerebrovasc Brain Metab Rev 8: 195-208

Hotez L , Dailey JW , Geelhoed GW , Gainer JL 1977 "The role of oxygen diffusivity in biochemical reactions." Experientia 33/11: 1424-1425

Iijima T , Mies G , Hossmann KA 1992 "Repeated negative DC deflections in rat cortex following middle cerebral artery occlusion are abolished by MK-801: effect on volume of ischemic injury." J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 12: 727-733

Jing J , Aitken PG , Somjen GG 1994 "Interstitial volume changes during spreading depression (SD) and SD-like hypoxic depolarization in hippocampal tissue slices." J Neurophysiol 71: 2548-2551

Jobsis FF 1977 "Noninvasive infrared monitoring of cerebral and myocardial oxygen sufficiency and circulatory parameters." Science 198: 1264-1267

Jöbsis FF 1992 "Principles of multiwavelength near-infrared spectroscopy for assessing oxidative metabolism." In: Frank K, Kessler M (eds) Quantitative spectroscopy in tissue. pmi-Verlag , Frankfurt/M .: 47

Jöbsis FF , Keizer JH , LaManna JC , Rosenthal M 1977 "Reflectance spectrophotometry of cytochrome aa3 in vivo." J Appl Physiol 43(5): 858-872

Kleinschmidt A , Obrig H , Requardt M , Merboldt KD , Dirnagl U , Villringer A , Frahm J 1996 "Simultaneous recording of cerebral blood oxygenation changes during human brain activation by magnetic resonance imaging and near-infrared spectroscopy." J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 16: 817-826

Kohl M , Nolte C , Heekeren HR , Horst S , Scholz U , Obrig H , Villringer A 1997 "Changes in cytochrome-oxidase oxidation in the occipital cortex during visual stimulation: Improvement in sensitivity by the determination of the wavelength dependence of the differential pathlength factor." Proc SPIE (im Druck)


57

Koroleva VI , Bures J 1993 "Rats do not experience cortical or hippocampal spreading depression as aversive." Neurosci Lett 149 : 153-156

Koroleva VI , Bures J 1996 "The use of spreading depression waves for acute and long-term monitoring of the penumbra zone of focal ischemic damage in rats." Proc Natl Acad Sci USA . 93: 3710-3714

Kraig RP , Dong LM , Thisted R , Jaeger CB 1991 "Spreading depression increases immunohistochemical staining of glial fibrillary acidic protein." J Neurosci 11: 2187-2198

Kraig RP , Ferreira-Filho CR , Nicholson C 1983 "Alkaline and acid transients in cerebellar microenvironment." J Neurophysiol 49: 831-850

Kraig RP , Nicholson C 1978 "Extracellular ionic variations during spreading depression." Neuroscience 3: 1045-1059

Kreisman NR , Sick TJ , LaManna JC , Rosenthal M 1981 "Local tissue oxygen tension - cytochrome aa3 relation in rat cerebral cortex in vivo." Brain Res 218: 161-174

Kuffler SW 1967 "Neuroglial cells: Physiological properties and potassium mediated effect of neuronal activity on the glial membrane potential." Proc Roy Soc B 168: 1-21

LaManna JC , McCracken KA , Patil M , Prohaska OJ 1989 "Stimulus-activated changes in brain tissue temperature in the anesthetized rat." Metab Brain Dis 4: 225-237

Lashley KS 1941 "Patterns of cerebral integration indicated by the scotomas of migraine." Arch Neurol Psychiatry 46: 331-339

Lauritzen M 1984 "Long-lasting reduction of cortical blood flow of the brain after spreading depression with preserved autoregulation and impaired CO2 response." J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 4: 546-554

Lauritzen M 1987 a "Cerebral blood flow in migraine and cortical spreading depression." Acta Neurol Scand Suppl 113: 1-40

Lauritzen M 1987 b "Regional cerebral blood flow during cortical spreading depression in rat brain: increased reactive hyperperfusion in low- flow states." Acta Neurol Scand 75: 1-8


58

Lauritzen M 1994 "Pathophysiology of the migraine aura. The spreading depression theory." Brain 117: 199-210

Lauritzen M , Hansen AJ 1992 "The effect of glutamate receptor blockade on anoxic depolarization and cortical spreading depression ." J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 12: 223-229

Leao AA 1944 "Spreading depression of activity in the cerebral cortex." J Neurophysiol 7: 359-390

Leao AA , Morrison RS 1945 "Propagation of spreading cortical depression." J Neurophysiol 8: 33-45

Levasseur JE , Wei EP , Raper AJ , Kontos HA , Patterson JL 1975 "Detailed description of a cranial window technique for acute and chronic experiments." Stroke 6: 308-317

Lindauer U , Villringer A , Dirnagl U 1993 "Characterization of the CBF response to somatosensory stimulation: the model and influence of anesthetics." Am J Physiol 264: H1223-H1228

Lipton P 1973 "Effects of membrane depolarization on light scattering by cerebral cortical slices." J Physiol 231: 365-383

Longa EZ , Weinstein PR , Carlson S , Cummins R 1990 "Reversible middle cerebral artery occlusion without craniectomy in rats." Stroke 20: 84-91

Lopez-Barneo J 1994 "Oxygen-sensitive ion channels: How ubiquitous are they?" Trends Neurosci 17: 133-155

Lou HC , Edvinsson L , MacKenzie ET 1987 "The concept of coupling blood flow to brain function: revision required?" Ann Neurol 22 : 289-297

Lubarsky DA , Griebel JA , Carnporesi EM , Piantadosi CA 1992 "Comparison of systemic oxygen delivery and uptake with NIR spectroscopy of brain during normovolemic hemodilution in the rabbit." Resuscitation . 23 : 45-57

Magistretti PJ , Pellerin L 1996 "Cellular bases of brain energy metabolism and their relevance to functional brain imaging: evidence for a prominent role of astrocytes." Cereb Cortex . 6: 50-61


59

Magistretti PJ , Pellerin L , Martin JL 1995 "Brain energy metabolism. An integrated celular perspective." In: Bloom FE, Kupfer DJ (eds) Psychopharmacology: The fourth generation of progress. Raven Press , New York : 657

Marshall WH 1959 "Spreading cortical depression of Leao." Physiol Rev 39: 239-279

Matcher SJ , Cooper CE 1994 "Absolute Quantification of Deoxyhaemoglobin Concentration in Tissue Near Infrared Spectroscopy." Phys Med Biol 39: 1295-1312

Matthes K , Gross F 1939 "Fortlaufende Registrierung der Lichtabsorption des Blutes in zwei Spektralbezirken." Arch Exp Pathol Pharmakol 191: 831-831

Mayevsky A 1984 "Brain NADH redox state monitored in vivo by fiber optic surface fluorometry." Brain Res 319: 49-68

Mayevsky A , Doron A , Manor T , Meilin S , Zarchin N , Ouaknine GE 1996 "cortical spreading " depression " recorded from the human brain using a multiparametric monitoring system." Brain Res 740: 268-274

Mayevsky A , Duckrow RB , Yoles E , Zarchin N , Kaushausky D 1990 "Brain mitochondrial redox state, tissue haemodynamic and extracellular ion responses to four-vessel occlusion and spreading depression in the rat." Neurol Res 12: 243-248

Mayevsky A , Lebourdais S , Chance B 1980 "The interrelation between brain PO2 and NADH oxidation-reduction state in the gerbil." J Neurosci Res 5: 173-182

Mayevsky A , Weiss HR 1991 "Cerebral blood flow and oxygen consumption in cortical spreading depression ." J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 11: 829-836

Mies G 1993 a "Inhibition of protein synthesis during repetitive cortical spreading depression ." J Neurochem 60: 360-363

Mies G , Iijima T , Hossmann KA 1993 b "Correlation between peri-infarct DC shifts and ischaemic neuronal damage in rat." Neuroreport 4 (6): 709-711

Moghaddam B , Schenk JO , Stewart WB , Hansen AJ 1987 "Temporal relationship between neurotransmitter release and ion flux during spreading depression and anoxia." Can J Physiol Pharmacol 65: 1105-1110


60

Montgomery H , Horwitz O 1950 "Oxygen tensions in tissues by the polarogrphic method. Introduction: oxygen tension and blood flow of the skin of human extremities." J Clin Invest 29: 1120-1130

Nagasawa H , Kogure K 1989 "Correlation between cerebral blood flow and histologic changes in a new rat model of middle cerebral artery occlusion." Stroke 20: 1037-1043

Nedergaard M , Astrup J 1986 "Infarct rim: effect of hyperglycemia on direct current potential and [14C]2-deoxyglucose phosphorylation." J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 6: 607-615

Nedergaard M , Hansen AJ 1988 "Spreading depression is not associated with neuronal injury in the normal brain." Brain Res 449: 395-398

Nedergaard M , Hansen AJ 1993 "Characterization of cortical depolarizations evoked in focal cerebral ischemia." J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 13: 568-574

Nicholson C , Kraig RP 1981 "The behavior of extracellular ions during spreading depression." In: Zeuthen (ed) The application of ion-selective microelectrodes. Elsevier , North-Holla ,

Niwa K , Lindauer U , Villringer A , Dirnagl U 1993 "Blockade of nitric oxide synthesis in rats strongly attenuates the CBF response to extracellular acidosis." J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 13: 535-539

Obrig H , Heekeren H , Ruben J , Wenzel R , Ndayisaba J-P , Dirnagl U , Villringer A 1996 a "Continuous spectrum near-infrared spectroscopy approach in functional activation studies in the human adult." Proc SPIE 2926: 58-66

Obrig H , Hirth C , Junge-Hülsing J , Döge C , Wolf T , Dirnagl U , Villringer A 1996 b "Cerebral oxygenation changes in response to motor stimulation." J Appl Physiol 81: 1174-1183

Obrig H , Wolf T , Döge C , Junge-Hülsing J , Dirnagl U , Villringer A 1996 c "Cerebral oxygenation changes during motor and somatosensory stimulation in humans as measured ny near infrared spectroscopy." Adv Exp Med Biol 388 : 219-224

Ogata H , Luo XX , Xu X 1994 "Hypertonic saline improves cerebral oxidative metabolism and cytochrome aa3 redox state during hemorrhagic hypotension in dogs." Shock 1: 171-175


61

Ogawa S , Lee TM , Kay AR , Tank DW 1990 "Brain magnetic resonance imaging with contrast dependent on blood oxygenation." Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 87: 9868-9872

Olsen TS , Larsen B , Herning M , Skriver EB , Lassen NA 1983 "Blood flow and vascular reactivity in collaterally perfused brain tissue. Evidence of an ischemic penumbra in patients with acute stroke." Stroke 14 : 332-341

Paulson OB , Newman EA 1987 "Does the release of potassium from astrocyte endfeet regulate cerebral blood flow." Science 237: 896-898

Pavlasek J , Haburcak M , Masanova C , Orlicky J 1993 "Increase of catecholamine content in the extracellular space of the rat's brain cortex during spreading depression wave as determined by voltammetry." Brain Res 628: 145-148

Peters A , Palay SL , Ebster HD , (Hrsg. ) 1991 The fine structure of the nervous system: The neurons and supporting cells. W. B. Saunders , Philadelphia

Rubio R , Berne RM , Bockman EL , Curnish RR 1975 "Relationship between adenosine concentration and oxygen supply in rat brain." Am J Physiol 228: 1896-1902

Scheller D , Heister U , Dengler K , Tegtmeier F 1991 "Extracellular changes of Aspartate and Glutamate during generation and during propagation of cortical spreading depression s in rats." In: Olesen J (ed) Cerabral blood flow in migraine, tension-type headache and cluster headache. Raven Press , New York ,

Shibata M , Leffler CW , Busija DW 1992 "Pial arteriolar constriction following cortical spreading depression is mediated by prostanoids." Brain Res 572: 190-197

Siesjö BK , Bengtsson F 1989 "Calcium fluxes, calcium antagonists, and calcium-related pathology in brain ischemia, hypoglycemia, and spreading depression: a unifying hypothesis." J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 9: 127-140

Somjen GG , Aitken PG , Czeh GL , Herreras O , Jing J , Young JN 1992 "Mechanism of spreading depression: a review of recent findings and a hypothesis." Can J Physiol Pharmacol 70 Suppl : S248-S254

Stern MD 1975 "In vivo evaluation of microcirculation by coherent light scattering." Nature 254: 56-58


62

Strong AJ , Harland SP , Meldrum BS , Whittington DJ 1996 "The use of in vivo fluorescence image sequences to indicate the occurrence and propagation of transient focal depolarizations in cerebral ischemia." J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 16: 367-377

Sugaya E , Takato M , Noda Y 1975 "Neuronal and glial activity during spreading depression in cerebral cortex of cat." J Neurophysiol 38: 822-841

Sylvia AL , Rosenthal M 1978 "The effect of age and lung pathology on cytochrome aa3 redox levels in rat cerebral cortex." Brain Res 146: 109-122

Tsacopoulus M , Lehmenkühler A 1977 "A double-barreled Pt-microelectrode for simultaneous measurement of PO2 and bioelectrical activity in excitable tissues." Experientia 33: 1337-1338

Tyndall J 1873 Contributions to molecular physics in the domain of radiant heat. Appleton , New York

Ueki M , Linn F , Hossmann KA 1988 "Functional activation of cerebral blood flow and metabolism before and after global ischemia of rat brain." J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 8: 486-494

van der Zee P , Arridge SR , Cope M , Delpy DT 1990 "The effect of optode positioning on optical pathlength in near infrared spectroscopy of brain." in: Oxygen transport to tissue XII. J: 79-84

Vanderkooi JM , Maniara G , Green TJ , Wilson DF 1987 "An optical method for measurement of Dioxygen concentration based upon quenching of phosphorescence." J Biol Chem 262: 5476-5482

Wahl M , Schilling L , Parsons AA , Kaumann A 1994 "Involvement of calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) and nitric oxide (NO) in the pial artery dilatation elicited by cortical spreading depression ." Brain Res 637: 204-210

Warburg O , Negelein E 1929 "Über das Absorptions Spektrum des Atmungsferments" Biochem Z 214: 64-64

Wolf T , Lindauer U , Obrig H , Dreier J , Back T , Villringer A , Dirnagl U 1996 "Systemic nitric oxide synthase (NOS) inhibition does not affect brain oxygenation during cortical spreading depression (CSD) in rats: A non-invasive near infrared spectroscopy 63(NIRS) and laser Doppler flowmetry (LDF) study." J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 16: 1100-1107

Wolf T , Lindauer U , Reuter U , Back T , Villringer A , Einhäupl K , Dirnagl U 1997 a "Noninvasive near infrared spectroscopy monitoring of regional cerebral blood oxygenation changes during peri-infarct depolarizations in focal cerebral ischemia in the rat." J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 17: 950-954

Wolf T , Lindauer U , Villringer A , Dirnagl U 1997 b "Excessive oxygen or glucose supply does not alter the blood flow response to somatosensory stimulation or spreading depression in rats." Brain Res 761: 290-299

Wray S , Cope M , Delpy DT , Wyatt JS , Reynolds EOR 1988 "Characterization of the near infrared absorption spectra of cytochrome aa3 and haemoglobin for the non-invasive monitoring of cerebral oxygenation." Biochim Biophys Acta 933: 184-192

Wyatt JS , Cope M , Delpy DT , Richardson CE , Edwards AD , Wray S , Reynolds EOR 1990 "Quantitation of cerebral blood volume in human infants by near-infrared spectroscopy." J Appl Physiol 68: 1086-1091

Zhang ZG , Chopp M , Maynard KI , Moskowitz MA 1994 "Cerebral blood flow changes during cortical spreading depression are not altered by inhibition of nitric oxide synthesis." J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 14: 939-943


[Titelseite] [1] [2] [3] [4] [Bibliographie] [Selbständigkeitserklärung] [Lebenslauf] [Anhang] [Danksagung]

© Die inhaltliche Zusammenstellung und Aufmachung dieser Publikation sowie die elektronische Verarbeitung sind urheberrechtlich geschützt. Jede Verwertung, die nicht ausdrücklich vom Urheberrechtsgesetz zugelassen ist, bedarf der vorherigen Zustimmung. Das gilt insbesondere für die Vervielfältigung, die Bearbeitung und Einspeicherung und Verarbeitung in elektronische Systeme.

DiDi DTD Version 1.1
a subset from ETD-ML Version 1.1
Zertifizierter Dokumentenserver
der Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
HTML - Version erstellt am:
Mon Dec 6 15:26:32 1999