<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><cms:container xmlns:cms="http://edoc.hu-berlin.de/diml/module/cms"><cms:document><cms:meta><cms:entry id="front" part="front" ref="front" type="front"/><cms:entry type="title">CT-basierte Computernavigation von Pedikelschrauben an der Brustwirbelsäule &#8211; Praktikabilität, klinische Ergebnisse und Vergleich zur konventionellen Technik</cms:entry><cms:entry type="author">Klaus John Schnake</cms:entry><cms:entry id="chapter1" part="chapter1" ref="chapter1" type="chapter">1.</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N10097" part="chapter1" ref="N10097" type="pagenumber">7</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N1009C" part="chapter1" ref="N1009C" type="section">1.1.</cms:entry><cms:entry id="_Ref522454542" part="chapter1" ref="_Ref522454542" type="link"/><cms:entry id="N100C5" part="chapter1" ref="N100C5" type="table"/><cms:entry id="N100E4" part="chapter1" ref="N100E4" type="mm">154#196</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N100F8" part="chapter1" ref="N100F8" type="mm">191#189</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N1010B" part="chapter1" ref="N1010B" type="section">1.2.</cms:entry><cms:entry id="_Ref535147077" part="chapter1" ref="_Ref535147077" type="link"/><cms:entry id="N1011C" part="chapter1" ref="N1011C" type="pagenumber">8</cms:entry><cms:entry id="_Ref522864912" part="chapter1" ref="_Ref522864912" type="link"/><cms:entry id="_Ref18132306" part="chapter1" ref="_Ref18132306" type="link"/><cms:entry id="N10165" part="chapter1" ref="N10165" type="mm">233#311</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N1016E" part="chapter1" ref="N1016E" type="subsection">1.2.1.</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N10172" part="chapter1" ref="N10172" type="pagenumber">9</cms:entry><cms:entry id="_Ref534351433" part="chapter1" ref="_Ref534351433" type="link"/><cms:entry id="N1019C" part="chapter1" ref="N1019C" type="block">1.2.1.1.</cms:entry><cms:entry id="_Ref522968124" part="chapter1" ref="_Ref522968124" type="link"/><cms:entry id="N101CB" part="chapter1" ref="N101CB" type="table"/><cms:entry id="N101EA" part="chapter1" ref="N101EA" type="pagenumber">10</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N101EE" part="chapter1" ref="N101EE" type="mm">259#230</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N10202" part="chapter1" ref="N10202" type="mm">339#249</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N10215" part="chapter1" ref="N10215" type="block">1.2.1.2.</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N10223" part="chapter1" ref="N10223" type="mm">247#216</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N1022D" part="chapter1" ref="N1022D" type="block">1.2.1.3.</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N10231" part="chapter1" ref="N10231" type="pagenumber">11</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N10255" part="chapter1" ref="N10255" type="table"/><cms:entry id="N10274" part="chapter1" ref="N10274" type="pagenumber">12</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N10278" part="chapter1" ref="N10278" type="mm">237#331</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N1028C" part="chapter1" ref="N1028C" type="mm">225#276</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N1029F" part="chapter1" ref="N1029F" type="block">1.2.1.4.</cms:entry><cms:entry id="_Ref528153688" part="chapter1" ref="_Ref528153688" type="link"/><cms:entry id="_Ref528153708" part="chapter1" ref="_Ref528153708" type="link"/><cms:entry id="_Ref522967990" part="chapter1" ref="_Ref522967990" type="link"/><cms:entry id="N102C1" part="chapter1" ref="N102C1" type="block">1.2.1.5.</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N102CC" part="chapter1" ref="N102CC" type="pagenumber">13</cms:entry><cms:entry id="_Ref527887706" part="chapter1" ref="_Ref527887706" type="link"/><cms:entry id="N1030B" part="chapter1" ref="N1030B" type="section">1.3.</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N10310" part="chapter1" ref="N10310" type="subsection">1.3.1.</cms:entry><cms:entry id="_Ref532892224" part="chapter1" ref="_Ref532892224" type="link"/><cms:entry id="N10326" part="chapter1" ref="N10326" type="subsection">1.3.2.</cms:entry><cms:entry id="_Ref532898489" part="chapter1" ref="_Ref532898489" type="link"/><cms:entry id="N1032D" part="chapter1" ref="N1032D" type="pagenumber">14</cms:entry><cms:entry id="_Ref522174212" part="chapter1" ref="_Ref522174212" type="link"/><cms:entry id="_Ref522174247" part="chapter1" ref="_Ref522174247" type="link"/><cms:entry id="N10394" part="chapter1" ref="N10394" type="mm">343#188</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N1039F" part="chapter1" ref="N1039F" type="pagenumber">15</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N103BA" part="chapter1" ref="N103BA" type="mm">372#227</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N103D7" part="chapter1" ref="N103D7" type="pagenumber">16</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N103DB" part="chapter1" ref="N103DB" type="mm">367#275</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N103E6" part="chapter1" ref="N103E6" type="mm">343#240</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N103F9" part="chapter1" ref="N103F9" type="subsection">1.3.3.</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N1040C" part="chapter1" ref="N1040C" type="pagenumber">17</cms:entry><cms:entry id="_Ref522873710" part="chapter1" ref="_Ref522873710" type="link"/><cms:entry id="N10450" part="chapter1" ref="N10450" type="pagenumber">18</cms:entry><cms:entry id="_Ref527819734" part="chapter1" ref="_Ref527819734" type="link"/><cms:entry id="N10464" part="chapter1" ref="N10464" type="subsection">1.3.4.</cms:entry><cms:entry id="_Ref522445685" part="chapter1" ref="_Ref522445685" type="link"/><cms:entry id="_Ref528156605" part="chapter1" ref="_Ref528156605" type="link"/><cms:entry id="_Ref528146743" part="chapter1" ref="_Ref528146743" type="link"/><cms:entry id="N104B4" part="chapter1" ref="N104B4" type="subsection">1.3.5.</cms:entry><cms:entry id="_Ref528145599" part="chapter1" ref="_Ref528145599" type="link"/><cms:entry id="N104BB" part="chapter1" ref="N104BB" type="pagenumber">19</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N104D8" part="chapter1" ref="N104D8" type="subsection">1.3.6.</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N104E8" part="chapter1" ref="N104E8" type="pagenumber">20</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N104EF" part="chapter1" ref="N104EF" type="section">1.4.</cms:entry><cms:entry id="chapter2" part="chapter2" ref="chapter2" type="chapter">2.</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N10500" part="chapter2" ref="N10500" type="pagenumber">21</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N10505" part="chapter2" ref="N10505" type="section">2.1.</cms:entry><cms:entry id="_Ref528149658" part="chapter2" ref="_Ref528149658" type="link"/><cms:entry id="N10516" part="chapter2" ref="N10516" type="table"/><cms:entry id="N10539" part="chapter2" ref="N10539" type="mm">152#253</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N1054D" part="chapter2" ref="N1054D" type="mm">151#252</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N10561" part="chapter2" ref="N10561" type="mm">150#252</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N1057B" part="chapter2" ref="N1057B" type="pagenumber">22</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N10582" part="chapter2" ref="N10582" type="table"/><cms:entry id="N10736" part="chapter2" ref="N10736" type="pagenumber">23</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N1073B" part="chapter2" ref="N1073B" type="subsection">2.1.1.</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N10745" part="chapter2" ref="N10745" type="mm">522#283</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N1074F" part="chapter2" ref="N1074F" type="section">2.2.</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N10754" part="chapter2" ref="N10754" type="subsection">2.2.1.</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N10761" part="chapter2" ref="N10761" type="subsection">2.2.2.</cms:entry><cms:entry id="_Ref528151300" part="chapter2" ref="_Ref528151300" type="link"/><cms:entry id="N1076E" part="chapter2" ref="N1076E" type="pagenumber">24</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N10772" part="chapter2" ref="N10772" type="mm">379#343</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N10780" part="chapter2" ref="N10780" type="table"/><cms:entry id="N1089B" part="chapter2" ref="N1089B" type="pagenumber">25</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N108A4" part="chapter2" ref="N108A4" type="subsection">2.2.3.</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N108B4" part="chapter2" ref="N108B4" type="table"/><cms:entry id="N108D3" part="chapter2" ref="N108D3" type="pagenumber">26</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N108D7" part="chapter2" ref="N108D7" type="mm">195#227</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N108EB" part="chapter2" ref="N108EB" type="mm">204#228</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N108FF" part="chapter2" ref="N108FF" type="mm">283#252</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N10909" part="chapter2" ref="N10909" type="subsection">2.2.4.</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N10923" part="chapter2" ref="N10923" type="block">2.2.4.1.</cms:entry><cms:entry id="_Ref527983925" part="chapter2" ref="_Ref527983925" type="link"/><cms:entry id="N1092A" part="chapter2" ref="N1092A" type="pagenumber">27</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N10962" part="chapter2" ref="N10962" type="table"/><cms:entry id="N10981" part="chapter2" ref="N10981" type="mm">216#189</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N10995" part="chapter2" ref="N10995" type="mm">216#189</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N109A9" part="chapter2" ref="N109A9" type="pagenumber">28</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N109B0" part="chapter2" ref="N109B0" type="table"/><cms:entry id="N109CF" part="chapter2" ref="N109CF" type="mm">216#191</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N109E3" part="chapter2" ref="N109E3" type="mm">216#188</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N109F7" part="chapter2" ref="N109F7" type="mm">216#187</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N10A01" part="chapter2" ref="N10A01" type="block">2.2.4.2.</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N10A09" part="chapter2" ref="N10A09" type="subblock">2.2.4.2.1.</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N10A13" part="chapter2" ref="N10A13" type="pagenumber">29</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N10A19" part="chapter2" ref="N10A19" type="subblock">2.2.4.2.2.</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N10A27" part="chapter2" ref="N10A27" type="mm">223#195</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N10A33" part="chapter2" ref="N10A33" type="subsection">2.2.5.</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N10A3D" part="chapter2" ref="N10A3D" type="pagenumber">30</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N10A42" part="chapter2" ref="N10A42" type="block">2.2.5.1.</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N10A4C" part="chapter2" ref="N10A4C" type="mm">317#208</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N10A55" part="chapter2" ref="N10A55" type="subblock">2.2.5.1.1.</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N10A5E" part="chapter2" ref="N10A5E" type="subblock">2.2.5.1.2.</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N10A68" part="chapter2" ref="N10A68" type="table"/><cms:entry id="N10A87" part="chapter2" ref="N10A87" type="pagenumber">31</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N10A8B" part="chapter2" ref="N10A8B" type="mm">202#308</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N10A9F" part="chapter2" ref="N10A9F" type="mm">205#305</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N10AB2" part="chapter2" ref="N10AB2" type="subblock">2.2.5.1.3.</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N10ABF" part="chapter2" ref="N10ABF" type="pagenumber">32</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N10AC3" part="chapter2" ref="N10AC3" type="mm">295#221</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N10ACD" part="chapter2" ref="N10ACD" type="subblock">2.2.5.1.4.</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N10AD7" part="chapter2" ref="N10AD7" type="mm">390#196</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N10AE1" part="chapter2" ref="N10AE1" type="subblock">2.2.5.1.5.</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N10AE5" part="chapter2" ref="N10AE5" type="pagenumber">33</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N10AEE" part="chapter2" ref="N10AEE" type="subblock">2.2.5.1.6.</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N10AF7" part="chapter2" ref="N10AF7" type="subblock">2.2.5.1.7.</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N10B01" part="chapter2" ref="N10B01" type="block">2.2.5.2.</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N10B0D" part="chapter2" ref="N10B0D" type="block">2.2.5.3.</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N10B26" part="chapter2" ref="N10B26" type="pagenumber">34</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N10B36" part="chapter2" ref="N10B36" type="mm">345#182</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N10B3F" part="chapter2" ref="N10B3F" type="subblock">2.2.5.3.1.</cms:entry><cms:entry id="_Ref522187250" part="chapter2" ref="_Ref522187250" type="link"/><cms:entry id="N10B50" part="chapter2" ref="N10B50" type="pagenumber">35</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N10B5A" part="chapter2" ref="N10B5A" type="mm">295#215</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N10B6B" part="chapter2" ref="N10B6B" type="pagenumber">36</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N10B6F" part="chapter2" ref="N10B6F" type="mm">295#222</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N10B79" part="chapter2" ref="N10B79" type="subblock">2.2.5.3.2.</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N10B89" part="chapter2" ref="N10B89" type="mm">283#212</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N10B93" part="chapter2" ref="N10B93" type="subblock">2.2.5.3.3.</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N10B97" part="chapter2" ref="N10B97" type="pagenumber">37</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N10BA1" part="chapter2" ref="N10BA1" type="mm">294#295</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N10BAE" part="chapter2" ref="N10BAE" type="section">2.3.</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N10BB3" part="chapter2" ref="N10BB3" type="subsection">2.3.1.</cms:entry><cms:entry id="_Ref528152875" part="chapter2" ref="_Ref528152875" type="link"/><cms:entry id="N10BC0" part="chapter2" ref="N10BC0" type="pagenumber">38</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N10BCA" part="chapter2" ref="N10BCA" type="mm">194#313</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N10BD3" part="chapter2" ref="N10BD3" type="block">2.3.1.1.</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N10BDD" part="chapter2" ref="N10BDD" type="pagenumber">39</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N10BE3" part="chapter2" ref="N10BE3" type="block">2.3.1.2.</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N10BED" part="chapter2" ref="N10BED" type="mm">171#377</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N10BF8" part="chapter2" ref="N10BF8" type="subsection">2.3.2.</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N10C05" part="chapter2" ref="N10C05" type="subsection">2.3.3.</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N10C09" part="chapter2" ref="N10C09" type="pagenumber">40</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N10C13" part="chapter2" ref="N10C13" type="mm">239#283</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N10C1E" part="chapter2" ref="N10C1E" type="section">2.4.</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N10C4C" part="chapter2" ref="N10C4C" type="pagenumber">41</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N10C81" part="chapter2" ref="N10C81" type="section">2.5.</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N10CD7" part="chapter2" ref="N10CD7" type="table"/><cms:entry id="N10CF6" part="chapter2" ref="N10CF6" type="pagenumber">42</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N10CFA" part="chapter2" ref="N10CFA" type="mm">259#235</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N10D0E" part="chapter2" ref="N10D0E" type="mm">198#240</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N10D25" part="chapter2" ref="N10D25" type="table"/><cms:entry id="N10D44" part="chapter2" ref="N10D44" type="mm">244#247</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N10D58" part="chapter2" ref="N10D58" type="mm">259#235</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N10D6E" part="chapter2" ref="N10D6E" type="section">2.6.</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N10D72" part="chapter2" ref="N10D72" type="pagenumber">43</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N10D7E" part="chapter2" ref="N10D7E" type="section">2.7.</cms:entry><cms:entry id="chapter3" part="chapter3" ref="chapter3" type="chapter">3.</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N10D8C" part="chapter3" ref="N10D8C" type="pagenumber">44</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N10D91" part="chapter3" ref="N10D91" type="section">3.1.</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N10D96" part="chapter3" ref="N10D96" type="subsection">3.1.1.</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N10D9F" part="chapter3" ref="N10D9F" type="subsection">3.1.2.</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N10DA9" part="chapter3" ref="N10DA9" type="section">3.2.</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N10DAE" part="chapter3" ref="N10DAE" type="subsection">3.2.1.</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N10DBA" part="chapter3" ref="N10DBA" type="subsection">3.2.2.</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N10DBE" part="chapter3" ref="N10DBE" type="pagenumber">45</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N10DC3" part="chapter3" ref="N10DC3" type="block">3.2.2.1.</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N10DC8" part="chapter3" ref="N10DC8" type="subblock">3.2.2.1.1.</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N10DD4" part="chapter3" ref="N10DD4" type="subblock">3.2.2.1.2.</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N10DDE" part="chapter3" ref="N10DDE" type="block">3.2.2.2.</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N10DE3" part="chapter3" ref="N10DE3" type="subblock">3.2.2.2.1.</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N10DF2" part="chapter3" ref="N10DF2" type="subblock">3.2.2.2.2.</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N10DFC" part="chapter3" ref="N10DFC" type="block">3.2.2.3.</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N10E06" part="chapter3" ref="N10E06" type="subsection">3.2.3.</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N10E0A" part="chapter3" ref="N10E0A" type="pagenumber">46</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N10E13" part="chapter3" ref="N10E13" type="subsection">3.2.4.</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N10E1C" part="chapter3" ref="N10E1C" type="subsection">3.2.5.</cms:entry><cms:entry id="_Ref534274015" part="chapter3" ref="_Ref534274015" type="link"/><cms:entry id="N10E50" part="chapter3" ref="N10E50" type="pagenumber">47</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N10E7B" part="chapter3" ref="N10E7B" type="section">3.3.</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N10E80" part="chapter3" ref="N10E80" type="subsection">3.3.1.</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N10E89" part="chapter3" ref="N10E89" type="subsection">3.3.2.</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N10E92" part="chapter3" ref="N10E92" type="subsection">3.3.3.</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N10E9B" part="chapter3" ref="N10E9B" type="subsection">3.3.4.</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N10E9F" part="chapter3" ref="N10E9F" type="pagenumber">48</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N10EA8" part="chapter3" ref="N10EA8" type="subsection">3.3.5.</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N10EB1" part="chapter3" ref="N10EB1" type="subsection">3.3.6.</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N10EB8" part="chapter3" ref="N10EB8" type="table"/><cms:entry id="N113D1" part="chapter3" ref="N113D1" type="pagenumber">49</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N113D7" part="chapter3" ref="N113D7" type="subsection">3.3.7.</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N113E1" part="chapter3" ref="N113E1" type="section">3.4.</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N113E6" part="chapter3" ref="N113E6" type="subsection">3.4.1.</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N113EF" part="chapter3" ref="N113EF" type="subsection">3.4.2.</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N113F8" part="chapter3" ref="N113F8" type="subsection">3.4.3.</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N11401" part="chapter3" ref="N11401" type="subsection">3.4.4.</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N1140A" part="chapter3" ref="N1140A" type="subsection">3.4.5.</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N11414" part="chapter3" ref="N11414" type="pagenumber">50</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N1141A" part="chapter3" ref="N1141A" type="subsection">3.4.6.</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N11421" part="chapter3" ref="N11421" type="table"/><cms:entry id="N1192B" part="chapter3" ref="N1192B" type="section">3.5.</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N1192F" part="chapter3" ref="N1192F" type="pagenumber">51</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N11934" part="chapter3" ref="N11934" type="subsection">3.5.1.</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N1193B" part="chapter3" ref="N1193B" type="mm">546#273</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N11944" part="chapter3" ref="N11944" type="subsection">3.5.2.</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N1194E" part="chapter3" ref="N1194E" type="table"/><cms:entry id="N11BB9" part="chapter3" ref="N11BB9" type="pagenumber">52</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N11BC0" part="chapter3" ref="N11BC0" type="table"/><cms:entry id="N11CD8" part="chapter3" ref="N11CD8" type="subsection">3.5.3.</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N11CDF" part="chapter3" ref="N11CDF" type="mm">618#363</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N11CE6" part="chapter3" ref="N11CE6" type="pagenumber">53</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N11CEC" part="chapter3" ref="N11CEC" type="subsection">3.5.4.</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N11CF6" part="chapter3" ref="N11CF6" type="table"/><cms:entry id="N11F50" part="chapter3" ref="N11F50" type="table"/><cms:entry id="N11FF7" part="chapter3" ref="N11FF7" type="pagenumber">54</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N12002" part="chapter3" ref="N12002" type="section">3.6.</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N1200B" part="chapter3" ref="N1200B" type="section">3.7.</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N12010" part="chapter3" ref="N12010" type="subsection">3.7.1.</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N1201D" part="chapter3" ref="N1201D" type="table"/><cms:entry id="N12036" part="chapter3" ref="N12036" type="mm">589#291</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N12041" part="chapter3" ref="N12041" type="subsection">3.7.2.</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N12045" part="chapter3" ref="N12045" type="pagenumber">55</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N12052" part="chapter3" ref="N12052" type="table"/><cms:entry id="N1206B" part="chapter3" ref="N1206B" type="mm">589#290</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N12077" part="chapter3" ref="N12077" type="subsection">3.7.3.</cms:entry><cms:entry id="_Ref533309107" part="chapter3" ref="_Ref533309107" type="link"/><cms:entry id="N1209A" part="chapter3" ref="N1209A" type="block">3.7.3.1.</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N1209E" part="chapter3" ref="N1209E" type="pagenumber">56</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N120A8" part="chapter3" ref="N120A8" type="table"/><cms:entry id="N120C1" part="chapter3" ref="N120C1" type="mm">589#291</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N120CC" part="chapter3" ref="N120CC" type="block">3.7.3.2.</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N120D6" part="chapter3" ref="N120D6" type="table"/><cms:entry id="N120EF" part="chapter3" ref="N120EF" type="mm">589#291</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N120FB" part="chapter3" ref="N120FB" type="block">3.7.3.3.</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N120FF" part="chapter3" ref="N120FF" type="pagenumber">57</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N12109" part="chapter3" ref="N12109" type="table"/><cms:entry id="N12122" part="chapter3" ref="N12122" type="mm">589#291</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N1212F" part="chapter3" ref="N1212F" type="section">3.8.</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N12138" part="chapter3" ref="N12138" type="section">3.9.</cms:entry><cms:entry id="chapter4" part="chapter4" ref="chapter4" type="chapter">4.</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N12145" part="chapter4" ref="N12145" type="pagenumber">58</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N12183" part="chapter4" ref="N12183" type="section">4.1.</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N1218B" part="chapter4" ref="N1218B" type="subsection">4.1.1.</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N12196" part="chapter4" ref="N12196" type="pagenumber">59</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N1219F" part="chapter4" ref="N1219F" type="block">4.1.1.1.</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N121B1" part="chapter4" ref="N121B1" type="block">4.1.1.2.</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N121B5" part="chapter4" ref="N121B5" type="pagenumber">60</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N121C2" part="chapter4" ref="N121C2" type="mm">200#296</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N121CD" part="chapter4" ref="N121CD" type="pagenumber">61</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N121DF" part="chapter4" ref="N121DF" type="mm">259#230</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N121EA" part="chapter4" ref="N121EA" type="table"/><cms:entry id="N12209" part="chapter4" ref="N12209" type="mm">256#276</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N1221D" part="chapter4" ref="N1221D" type="mm">252#276</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N12231" part="chapter4" ref="N12231" type="pagenumber">62</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N1223E" part="chapter4" ref="N1223E" type="mm">283#248</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N12249" part="chapter4" ref="N12249" type="subsection">4.1.2.</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N12254" part="chapter4" ref="N12254" type="block">4.1.2.1.</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N12258" part="chapter4" ref="N12258" type="pagenumber">63</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N12268" part="chapter4" ref="N12268" type="block">4.1.2.2.</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N1228C" part="chapter4" ref="N1228C" type="pagenumber">64</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N1229F" part="chapter4" ref="N1229F" type="mm">339#165</cms:entry><cms:entry id="_Ref528156475" part="chapter4" ref="_Ref528156475" type="link"/><cms:entry id="N122BE" part="chapter4" ref="N122BE" type="block">4.1.2.3.</cms:entry><cms:entry id="_Ref528215238" part="chapter4" ref="_Ref528215238" type="link"/><cms:entry id="N122C5" part="chapter4" ref="N122C5" type="pagenumber">65</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N122CE" part="chapter4" ref="N122CE" type="block">4.1.2.4.</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N122D7" part="chapter4" ref="N122D7" type="block">4.1.2.5.</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N122DE" part="chapter4" ref="N122DE" type="pagenumber">66</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N122E4" part="chapter4" ref="N122E4" type="block">4.1.2.6.</cms:entry><cms:entry id="_Ref528215244" part="chapter4" ref="_Ref528215244" type="link"/><cms:entry id="N122F7" part="chapter4" ref="N122F7" type="pagenumber">67</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N12304" part="chapter4" ref="N12304" type="block">4.1.2.7.</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N1231D" part="chapter4" ref="N1231D" type="section">4.2.</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N12324" part="chapter4" ref="N12324" type="pagenumber">68</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N12332" part="chapter4" ref="N12332" type="table"/><cms:entry id="N12517" part="chapter4" ref="N12517" type="subsection">4.2.1.</cms:entry><cms:entry id="_Ref534262684" part="chapter4" ref="_Ref534262684" type="link"/><cms:entry id="N1251E" part="chapter4" ref="N1251E" type="pagenumber">69</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N1252B" part="chapter4" ref="N1252B" type="subsection">4.2.2.</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N12556" part="chapter4" ref="N12556" type="subsection">4.2.3.</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N12567" part="chapter4" ref="N12567" type="subsection">4.2.4.</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N1256B" part="chapter4" ref="N1256B" type="pagenumber">70</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N1257D" part="chapter4" ref="N1257D" type="section">4.3.</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N12599" part="chapter4" ref="N12599" type="pagenumber">71</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N125A9" part="chapter4" ref="N125A9" type="pagenumber">72</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N125AF" part="chapter4" ref="N125AF" type="section">4.4.</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N125B4" part="chapter4" ref="N125B4" type="subsection">4.4.1.</cms:entry><cms:entry id="_Ref528165560" part="chapter4" ref="_Ref528165560" type="link"/><cms:entry id="N125EB" part="chapter4" ref="N125EB" type="pagenumber">73</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N12613" part="chapter4" ref="N12613" type="subsection">4.4.2.</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N12629" part="chapter4" ref="N12629" type="pagenumber">74</cms:entry><cms:entry id="_Ref534072008" part="chapter4" ref="_Ref534072008" type="link"/><cms:entry id="N12651" part="chapter4" ref="N12651" type="subsection">4.4.3.</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N12662" part="chapter4" ref="N12662" type="pagenumber">75</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N12693" part="chapter4" ref="N12693" type="subsection">4.4.4.</cms:entry><cms:entry id="_Ref531849751" part="chapter4" ref="_Ref531849751" type="link"/><cms:entry id="N126A6" part="chapter4" ref="N126A6" type="subsection">4.4.5.</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N126B3" part="chapter4" ref="N126B3" type="pagenumber">76</cms:entry><cms:entry ref="chapter5" type="chapter">5.</cms:entry><cms:entry ref="N126F7" type="pagenumber">77</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N1270C" part="N1270C" ref="N1270C" type="declaration">

				Erklärung an Eides Statt
			</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N1270F" part="N1270C" ref="N1270F" type="pagenumber">78</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N12720" part="N12720" ref="N12720" type="vita">Lebenslauf</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N12723" part="N12720" ref="N12723" type="pagenumber">79</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N1272A" part="N12720" ref="N1272A" type="table"/><cms:entry id="N127E4" part="N127E4" ref="N127E4" type="acknowledgement">
				
				Danksagung
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				Literaturverzeichnis
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			<head><pagenumber id="N126F7" label="77" numbering="arabic" start="77"/>Zusammenfassung</head>
			<p>Die CT-basierte Navigation von Pedikelschrauben an der Brustwirbelsäule mithilfe des Softwaresystems SurgiGATE® zeigt im Vergleich zur konventionellen Technik signifikant weniger Pedikelperforationen (17,5% vs. 31,9%; p&lt;0,003). Vor allem Schraubenfehllagen über 2 mm, die ein hohes Risiko für Myelonverletzungen darstellen, lassen sich signifikant verringern (4,3% vs.14,2%; p&lt;0,001). Allerdings sind erhebliche Fehllagen von über 4 mm (1,9%) im oberen BWS-Bereich (BWK 1-6) nicht gänzlich zu vermeiden, so dass die Navigation keine absolute Sicherheit bei der Pedikelschraubenplatzierung bietet.</p>
			<p>Die durchgeführte additive Röntgendurchleuchtung deckte bei 7,1% aller Schrauben erhebliche Fehllagen nach kranial oder kaudal auf, obwohl die Navigation eine korrekte Platzierung angab. Zur Erhöhung der Sicherheit und Präzision sollte deshalb unbedingt eine intraoperative Kontrolle mittels Röntgendurchleuchtung durchgeführt werden.</p>
			<p>Die zusätzliche Operationszeit für die Anpassung (Matching) der Navigation betrug 6 Minuten 12 Sekunden pro Wirbelkörper. Die eigentliche Navigationszeit (7 Minuten 27 Sekunden) pro Wirbelkörper ist in etwa mit der Einbringzeit bei konventioneller Technik zu vergleichen. Die Verlängerung der eigentlichen Operationszeit ist somit sicherlich akzeptabel. Schließlich muss noch die präoperative Planungszeit von durchschnittlich 38 Minuten 40 Sekunden berücksichtigt werden. Dieser überschaubare Zeitaufwand erlaubt auch eine Navigation bei Notfallpatienten.</p>
			<p>Technische prä- und intraoperative Probleme traten bei 3,8% der Wirbelkörper auf, bei etwa jedem fünften Patienten war die Navigation (21,4%) nicht für alle Wirbelkörper möglich. Der Chirurg kann sich also nicht auf eine ausschließliche Navigation der Pedikelschrauben verlassen und sollte die potentiell möglichen Probleme der Navigation kennen.</p>
			
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