<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><cms:container xmlns:cms="http://edoc.hu-berlin.de/diml/module/cms"><cms:document><cms:meta><cms:entry id="front" part="front" ref="front" type="front"/><cms:entry type="title">Particle Gel Immuno Assay (ID-PaGIA) zum Nachweis von anti-IgA Antikörpern</cms:entry><cms:entry type="author">Kai Oliver Schönhage</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N10041" part="front" ref="N10041" type="dedication">
				WIDMUNG</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N10045" part="front" ref="N10045" type="pagenumber">3</cms:entry><cms:entry ref="chapter1" type="chapter">1</cms:entry><cms:entry ref="N1005E" type="pagenumber">7</cms:entry><cms:entry id="chapter2" part="chapter2" ref="chapter2" type="chapter">2</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N100CD" part="chapter2" ref="N100CD" type="pagenumber">8</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N100D2" part="chapter2" ref="N100D2" type="section">2.1</cms:entry><cms:entry id="_Ref505942072" part="chapter2" ref="_Ref505942072" type="link"/><cms:entry id="N1010D" part="chapter2" ref="N1010D" type="subsection">2.1.1</cms:entry><cms:entry id="_Ref505942008" part="chapter2" ref="_Ref505942008" type="link"/><cms:entry id="N1013C" part="chapter2" ref="N1013C" type="pagenumber">9</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N10168" part="chapter2" ref="N10168" type="subsection">2.1.2</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N10187" part="chapter2" ref="N10187" type="pagenumber">10</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N101B7" part="chapter2" ref="N101B7" type="subsection">2.1.3</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N101D1" part="chapter2" ref="N101D1" type="pagenumber">11</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N1020A" part="chapter2" ref="N1020A" type="subsection">2.1.4</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N10258" part="chapter2" ref="N10258" type="section">2.2</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N1025C" part="chapter2" ref="N1025C" type="pagenumber">12</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N10264" part="chapter2" ref="N10264" type="subsection">2.2.1</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N10271" part="chapter2" ref="N10271" type="subsection">2.2.2</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N10283" part="chapter2" ref="N10283" type="pagenumber">13</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N1028C" part="chapter2" ref="N1028C" type="block">2.2.2.1</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N10296" part="chapter2" ref="N10296" type="subsection">2.2.3</cms:entry><cms:entry id="chapter3" part="chapter3" ref="chapter3" type="chapter">3</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N102A9" part="chapter3" ref="N102A9" type="pagenumber">14</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N102AE" part="chapter3" ref="N102AE" type="section">3.1</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N102B3" part="chapter3" ref="N102B3" type="subsection">3.1.1</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N102BC" part="chapter3" ref="N102BC" type="subsection">3.1.2</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N102C5" part="chapter3" ref="N102C5" type="subsection">3.1.3</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N102D7" part="chapter3" ref="N102D7" type="section">3.2</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N102DB" part="chapter3" ref="N102DB" type="pagenumber">15</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N102E0" part="chapter3" ref="N102E0" type="subsection">3.2.1</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N102F2" part="chapter3" ref="N102F2" type="subsection">3.2.2</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N102FC" part="chapter3" ref="N102FC" type="section">3.3</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N10300" part="chapter3" ref="N10300" type="pagenumber">16</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N1032D" part="chapter3" ref="N1032D" type="section">3.4</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N10331" part="chapter3" ref="N10331" type="pagenumber">17</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N10341" part="chapter3" ref="N10341" type="section">3.5</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N10345" part="chapter3" ref="N10345" type="pagenumber">18</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N10364" part="chapter3" ref="N10364" type="section">3.6</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N10368" part="chapter3" ref="N10368" type="pagenumber">19</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N10376" part="chapter3" ref="N10376" type="subsection">3.6.1</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N1037F" part="chapter3" ref="N1037F" type="subsection">3.6.2</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N10383" part="chapter3" ref="N10383" type="pagenumber">20</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N103A1" part="chapter3" ref="N103A1" type="section">3.7</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N103A5" part="chapter3" ref="N103A5" type="pagenumber">21</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N103B7" part="chapter3" ref="N103B7" type="section">3.8</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N103BB" part="chapter3" ref="N103BB" type="pagenumber">22</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N103C0" part="chapter3" ref="N103C0" type="subsection">3.8.1</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N103CA" part="chapter3" ref="N103CA" type="mm"/><cms:entry id="_Ref36821359" part="chapter3" ref="_Ref36821359" type="link"/><cms:entry id="N103DE" part="chapter3" ref="N103DE" type="pagenumber">23</cms:entry><cms:entry id="_1051938654" part="chapter3" ref="_1051938654" type="link"/><cms:entry id="_1081205396" part="chapter3" ref="_1081205396" type="link"/><cms:entry id="_1081279988" part="chapter3" ref="_1081279988" type="link"/><cms:entry id="_1083006134" part="chapter3" ref="_1083006134" type="link"/><cms:entry id="_1083194446" part="chapter3" ref="_1083194446" type="link"/><cms:entry id="_1083337514" part="chapter3" ref="_1083337514" type="link"/><cms:entry id="_1083971708" part="chapter3" ref="_1083971708" type="link"/><cms:entry id="_1083975715" part="chapter3" ref="_1083975715" type="link"/><cms:entry id="_1084007237" part="chapter3" ref="_1084007237" type="link"/><cms:entry id="_1112736628" part="chapter3" ref="_1112736628" type="link"/><cms:entry id="_1146516653" part="chapter3" ref="_1146516653" type="link"/><cms:entry id="N10403" part="chapter3" ref="N10403" type="mm"/><cms:entry id="_Ref102586306" part="chapter3" ref="_Ref102586306" type="link"/><cms:entry id="N10412" part="chapter3" ref="N10412" type="subsection">3.8.2</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N1041B" part="chapter3" ref="N1041B" type="subsection">3.8.3</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N10427" part="chapter3" ref="N10427" type="subsection">3.8.4</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N1042E" part="chapter3" ref="N1042E" type="pagenumber">24</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N10434" part="chapter3" ref="N10434" type="subsection">3.8.5</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N10444" part="chapter3" ref="N10444" type="section">3.9</cms:entry><cms:entry id="_Ref36822942" part="chapter3" ref="_Ref36822942" type="link"/><cms:entry id="N1044B" part="chapter3" ref="N1044B" type="pagenumber">25</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N10453" part="chapter3" ref="N10453" type="subsection">3.9.1</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N10460" part="chapter3" ref="N10460" type="table"/><cms:entry id="chapter4" part="chapter4" ref="chapter4" type="chapter">4</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N1050B" part="chapter4" ref="N1050B" type="pagenumber">26</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N10510" part="chapter4" ref="N10510" type="section">4.1</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N10525" part="chapter4" ref="N10525" type="section">4.2</cms:entry><cms:entry id="_Ref489019382" part="chapter4" ref="_Ref489019382" type="link"/><cms:entry id="_Ref72599415" part="chapter4" ref="_Ref72599415" type="link"/><cms:entry id="N1053E" part="chapter4" ref="N1053E" type="table"/><cms:entry id="N1055C" part="chapter4" ref="N1055C" type="mm"/><cms:entry id="N10567" part="chapter4" ref="N10567" type="section">4.3</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N1056B" part="chapter4" ref="N1056B" type="pagenumber">27</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N10570" part="chapter4" ref="N10570" type="subsection">4.3.1</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N1057A" part="chapter4" ref="N1057A" type="table"/><cms:entry id="_Ref504590937" part="chapter4" ref="_Ref504590937" type="link"/><cms:entry id="N11E84" part="chapter4" ref="N11E84" type="subsection">4.3.2</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N11E88" part="chapter4" ref="N11E88" type="pagenumber">29</cms:entry><cms:entry id="_Ref488507112" part="chapter4" ref="_Ref488507112" type="link"/><cms:entry id="N11E99" part="chapter4" ref="N11E99" type="table"/><cms:entry id="_Ref102585651" part="chapter4" ref="_Ref102585651" type="link"/><cms:entry id="_Ref102585697" part="chapter4" ref="_Ref102585697" type="link"/><cms:entry id="N12C2F" part="chapter4" ref="N12C2F" type="table"/><cms:entry id="_Ref102587083" part="chapter4" ref="_Ref102587083" type="link"/><cms:entry id="N12CE4" part="chapter4" ref="N12CE4" type="pagenumber">31</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N12D40" part="chapter4" ref="N12D40" type="table"/><cms:entry id="_Ref102587102" part="chapter4" ref="_Ref102587102" type="link"/><cms:entry id="N12DF0" part="chapter4" ref="N12DF0" type="subsection">4.3.3</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N12E00" part="chapter4" ref="N12E00" type="table"/><cms:entry id="_Ref102587616" part="chapter4" ref="_Ref102587616" type="link"/><cms:entry id="N12F05" part="chapter4" ref="N12F05" type="subsection">4.3.4</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N12F0C" part="chapter4" ref="N12F0C" type="pagenumber">32</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N12F17" part="chapter4" ref="N12F17" type="table"/><cms:entry id="_Ref102587217" part="chapter4" ref="_Ref102587217" type="link"/><cms:entry id="chapter5" part="chapter5" ref="chapter5" type="chapter">5</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N1338F" part="chapter5" ref="N1338F" type="pagenumber">33</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N133D5" part="chapter5" ref="N133D5" type="pagenumber">34</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N13406" part="chapter5" ref="N13406" type="pagenumber">35</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N1345F" part="chapter5" ref="N1345F" type="pagenumber">36</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N134AD" part="chapter5" ref="N134AD" type="pagenumber">37</cms:entry><cms:entry id="chapter6" part="chapter6" ref="chapter6" type="chapter">6</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N134E0" part="chapter6" ref="N134E0" type="pagenumber">38</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N13508" part="chapter6" ref="N13508" type="pagenumber">39</cms:entry><cms:entry ref="N1350F" type="back"/><cms:entry id="N13511" part="N13511" ref="N13511" type="bibliography">LITERATURVERZEICHNIS</cms:entry><cms:entry id="bibVyas1968" part="N13511" ref="bibVyas1968" type="citation"/><cms:entry id="bibSchmidt1969" part="N13511" ref="bibSchmidt1969" type="citation"/><cms:entry id="bibVyas1969" part="N13511" ref="bibVyas1969" type="citation"/><cms:entry id="bibMiller1970" part="N13511" ref="bibMiller1970" type="citation"/><cms:entry id="bibLeikola1973" part="N13511" ref="bibLeikola1973" type="citation"/><cms:entry id="bibPineda1975" part="N13511" ref="bibPineda1975" type="citation"/><cms:entry id="bibKoistinen1977" part="N13511" ref="bibKoistinen1977" type="citation"/><cms:entry id="bibSandler1994" part="N13511" ref="bibSandler1994" type="citation"/><cms:entry id="bibFerreira1988" part="N13511" ref="bibFerreira1988" type="citation"/><cms:entry id="bibMcCluskey" part="N13511" ref="bibMcCluskey" type="citation"/><cms:entry id="N13614" part="N13511" ref="N13614" type="pagenumber">41</cms:entry><cms:entry id="bibCunningham1996" part="N13511" ref="bibCunningham1996" type="citation"/><cms:entry id="bibSandler1995" part="N13511" ref="bibSandler1995" type="citation"/><cms:entry id="bibHunt1990" part="N13511" ref="bibHunt1990" type="citation"/><cms:entry id="bibEckrich1993" part="N13511" ref="bibEckrich1993" type="citation"/><cms:entry id="bibStrober1968" part="N13511" ref="bibStrober1968" type="citation"/><cms:entry id="bibFudenberg1968" part="N13511" ref="bibFudenberg1968" type="citation"/><cms:entry id="bibLaschinger1984" part="N13511" ref="bibLaschinger1984" type="citation"/><cms:entry id="bibBurks1986" part="N13511" ref="bibBurks1986" type="citation"/><cms:entry id="bibBjoerkander1987" part="N13511" ref="bibBjoerkander1987" type="citation"/><cms:entry id="bibHiki1991" part="N13511" ref="bibHiki1991" type="citation"/><cms:entry id="bibKoistinen1975" part="N13511" ref="bibKoistinen1975" type="citation"/><cms:entry id="N1374F" part="N13511" ref="N1374F" type="pagenumber">42</cms:entry><cms:entry id="bibPetty1979" part="N13511" ref="bibPetty1979" type="citation"/><cms:entry id="bibBurks_Steele1986" part="N13511" ref="bibBurks_Steele1986" type="citation"/><cms:entry id="bibLiblau1992" part="N13511" ref="bibLiblau1992" type="citation"/><cms:entry id="bibSalama2001" part="N13511" ref="bibSalama2001" type="citation"/><cms:entry id="bibCunningham_Rundles1986" part="N13511" ref="bibCunningham_Rundles1986" type="citation"/><cms:entry id="bibFerreira1989" part="N13511" ref="bibFerreira1989" type="citation"/><cms:entry id="bibCunningham1979" part="N13511" ref="bibCunningham1979" type="citation"/><cms:entry id="bibDe_la_Concha1982" part="N13511" ref="bibDe_la_Concha1982" type="citation"/><cms:entry id="bibCunningham1981" part="N13511" ref="bibCunningham1981" type="citation"/><cms:entry id="N1384F" part="N13511" ref="N1384F" type="pagenumber">43</cms:entry><cms:entry id="bibVyas1975" part="N13511" ref="bibVyas1975" type="citation"/><cms:entry id="bibSennhauser1988" part="N13511" ref="bibSennhauser1988" type="citation"/><cms:entry id="bibStrothman1986" part="N13511" ref="bibStrothman1986" type="citation"/><cms:entry id="bibStrothman1989" part="N13511" ref="bibStrothman1989" type="citation"/><cms:entry id="bibGold1967" part="N13511" ref="bibGold1967" type="citation"/><cms:entry id="bibGoding1976" part="N13511" ref="bibGoding1976" type="citation"/><cms:entry id="bibHammarstroem1983" part="N13511" ref="bibHammarstroem1983" type="citation"/><cms:entry id="bibGerber1989" part="N13511" ref="bibGerber1989" type="citation"/><cms:entry id="bibLapierre1990" part="N13511" ref="bibLapierre1990" type="citation"/><cms:entry id="bibHitzler1991" part="N13511" ref="bibHitzler1991" type="citation"/><cms:entry id="N13967" part="N13511" ref="N13967" type="pagenumber">44</cms:entry><cms:entry id="bibKretschmer1992" part="N13511" ref="bibKretschmer1992" type="citation"/><cms:entry id="bibLynen1992" part="N13511" ref="bibLynen1992" type="citation"/><cms:entry id="bibScott1996" part="N13511" ref="bibScott1996" type="citation"/><cms:entry id="bibNathalang1997" part="N13511" ref="bibNathalang1997" type="citation"/><cms:entry id="bibHaun1990" part="N13511" ref="bibHaun1990" type="citation"/><cms:entry id="bibSchwind1998" part="N13511" ref="bibSchwind1998" type="citation"/><cms:entry id="bibRadu1992" part="N13511" ref="bibRadu1992" type="citation"/><cms:entry id="bibAlbuquerque2000" part="N13511" ref="bibAlbuquerque2000" type="citation"/><cms:entry id="bibPan2002" part="N13511" ref="bibPan2002" type="citation"/><cms:entry id="N13A55" part="N13511" ref="N13A55" type="pagenumber">45</cms:entry><cms:entry id="bibSalama2002" part="N13511" ref="bibSalama2002" type="citation"/><cms:entry id="bibSmith1993" part="N13511" ref="bibSmith1993" type="citation"/><cms:entry id="bibHeddle1994" part="N13511" ref="bibHeddle1994" type="citation"/><cms:entry id="bibStack1995" part="N13511" ref="bibStack1995" type="citation"/><cms:entry id="bibBubel1996" part="N13511" ref="bibBubel1996" type="citation"/><cms:entry id="bibKlueter1999" part="N13511" ref="bibKlueter1999" type="citation"/><cms:entry id="bibAmmann1971" part="N13511" ref="bibAmmann1971" type="citation"/><cms:entry id="bibAmmann1980" part="N13511" ref="bibAmmann1980" type="citation"/><cms:entry id="bibAbbas1997" part="N13511" ref="bibAbbas1997" type="citation"/><cms:entry id="bibBriere1994" part="N13511" ref="bibBriere1994" type="citation"/><cms:entry id="bibCassidy1979" part="N13511" ref="bibCassidy1979" type="citation"/><cms:entry id="N13B93" part="N13511" ref="N13B93" type="pagenumber">46</cms:entry><cms:entry id="bibCataldo1997" part="N13511" ref="bibCataldo1997" type="citation"/><cms:entry id="bibCoffman1989" part="N13511" ref="bibCoffman1989" type="citation"/><cms:entry id="bibDefrance1992" part="N13511" ref="bibDefrance1992" type="citation"/><cms:entry id="bibHarriman1996" part="N13511" ref="bibHarriman1996" type="citation"/><cms:entry id="bibInoue1984" part="N13511" ref="bibInoue1984" type="citation"/><cms:entry id="bibIslam1994" part="N13511" ref="bibIslam1994" type="citation"/><cms:entry id="bibJandl1957" part="N13511" ref="bibJandl1957" type="citation"/><cms:entry id="bibJaneway1997" part="N13511" ref="bibJaneway1997" type="citation"/><cms:entry id="bibMeyer1999" part="N13511" ref="bibMeyer1999" type="citation"/><cms:entry id="bibMitsuya1979" part="N13511" ref="bibMitsuya1979" type="citation"/><cms:entry id="N13CB0" part="N13511" ref="N13CB0" type="pagenumber">47</cms:entry><cms:entry id="bibMiwa1998" part="N13511" ref="bibMiwa1998" type="citation"/><cms:entry id="bibMohabir1995" part="N13511" ref="bibMohabir1995" type="citation"/><cms:entry id="bibMuylle1993" part="N13511" ref="bibMuylle1993" type="citation"/><cms:entry id="bibNell1972" part="N13511" ref="bibNell1972" type="citation"/><cms:entry id="bibNishiya1999" part="N13511" ref="bibNishiya1999" type="citation"/><cms:entry id="bibOen1982" part="N13511" ref="bibOen1982" type="citation"/><cms:entry id="bibPeter1996" part="N13511" ref="bibPeter1996" type="citation"/><cms:entry id="bibRogers1998" part="N13511" ref="bibRogers1998" type="citation"/><cms:entry id="bibSchubert1993" part="N13511" ref="bibSchubert1993" type="citation"/><cms:entry id="N13DC7" part="N13511" ref="N13DC7" type="pagenumber">48</cms:entry><cms:entry id="bibSchulenburg1991" part="N13511" ref="bibSchulenburg1991" type="citation"/><cms:entry id="bibSchwind1997" part="N13511" ref="bibSchwind1997" type="citation"/><cms:entry id="bibSonada1989" part="N13511" ref="bibSonada1989" type="citation"/><cms:entry id="bibStewart1993" part="N13511" ref="bibStewart1993" type="citation"/><cms:entry id="bibStewart1998" part="N13511" ref="bibStewart1998" type="citation"/><cms:entry id="bibStryer1996" part="N13511" ref="bibStryer1996" type="citation"/><cms:entry id="bibVyas1976" part="N13511" ref="bibVyas1976" type="citation"/><cms:entry id="bibWaldmann1976" part="N13511" ref="bibWaldmann1976" type="citation"/><cms:entry id="N13ED9" part="N13ED9" ref="N13ED9" type="acknowledgement">
				DANKSAGUNG</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N13EDD" part="N13ED9" ref="N13EDD" type="pagenumber">49</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N13EF2" part="N13EF2" ref="N13EF2" type="abbreviation">
				ABKÜRZUNGSVERZEICHNIS</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N13EF6" part="N13EF2" ref="N13EF6" type="pagenumber">50</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N13EFD" part="N13EF2" ref="N13EFD" type="table"/><cms:entry id="N140D1" part="N140D1" ref="N140D1" type="appendix">
				VERÖFFENTLICHUNGEN</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N140D3" part="N140D1" ref="N140D3" type="head"/><cms:entry id="N140D5" part="N140D1" ref="N140D5" type="pagenumber">51</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N140DA" part="N140D1" ref="N140DA" type="freehead"/><cms:entry id="N140DD" part="N140D1" ref="N140DD" type="p"/><cms:entry id="N140E0" part="N140D1" ref="N140E0" type="freehead"/><cms:entry id="N140E3" part="N140D1" ref="N140E3" type="p"/><cms:entry id="N140E6" part="N140D1" ref="N140E6" type="p"/><cms:entry id="N140EC" part="N140D1" ref="N140EC" type="p"/><cms:entry id="N140EF" part="N140D1" ref="N140EF" type="p"/><cms:entry id="N140F3" part="N140F3" ref="N140F3" type="vita">
				LEBENSLAUF</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N140F7" part="N140F3" ref="N140F7" type="pagenumber">52</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N140FE" part="N140F3" ref="N140FE" type="table"/><cms:entry id="N14159" part="N140F3" ref="N14159" type="table"/><cms:entry id="N14203" part="N140F3" ref="N14203" type="table"/><cms:entry id="N14296" part="N14296" ref="N14296" type="declaration">
				ERKLÄRUNG an EIDES STATT</cms:entry><cms:entry id="N1429A" part="N14296" ref="N1429A" type="pagenumber">53</cms:entry><cms:entry part="chapter1" type=":current"/><cms:entry type=":lang">de</cms:entry><cms:entry id=":contents" part="front" ref=":contents" type=":contents">Inhaltsverzeichnis</cms:entry><cms:entry type=":help"><url href="http://...">Hilfe</url></cms:entry></cms:meta><cms:content><chapter id="chapter1" label="1">
			<head>
				<pagenumber id="N1005E" label="7" numbering="arabic" start="7"/>EINLEITUNG UND FRAGESTELLUNG</head>
			<p>Die häufigsten Komplikationen der Bluttransfusionen sind nichthämolytische Reaktionen, von denen ein Teil vermutlich durch anti-IgA Antikörper verursacht wird. Diese Antikörper kommen sowohl im Empfänger- als auch im Spenderplasma vor und sind im allgemeinen gegen alle menschlichen IgA Moleküle (klassenspezifisch) und seltener gegen IgA<sub>1</sub> oder IgA<sub>2</sub> (subklassenspezifisch) gerichtet [<link ref="bibVyas1968">1</link>]. Erstere können bei Transfusionen schwere anaphylaktische Reaktionen hervorrufen, während letztere aufgrund ihrer &#8222;limitierten Spezifität&#8220; nur nichthämolytische Reaktionen verursachen können [<link ref="bibVyas1968">1</link>,<link ref="bibSchmidt1969">2</link>,<link ref="bibVyas1969">3</link>,<link ref="bibMiller1970">4</link>,<link ref="bibLeikola1973">5</link>,<link ref="bibPineda1975">6</link>,<link ref="bibKoistinen1977">7</link>].</p>
			<p>Klassenspezifische anti-IgA Antikörper finden sich häufig im Plasma von Patienten mit selektivem IgA-Mangel (sDIgA - selective Deficiency of IgA) sowie anderen Immunglobulinmangelsyndromen bzw. Immunglobulindefekten (CVID - Common Variable Immunodeficiency). Sie kommen weitaus seltener als subklassenspezifische anti-IgA Antikörper aber auch bei Menschen mit normalen Immun­globulinkonzentrationen vor [<link ref="bibVyas1968">1</link>,<link ref="bibVyas1969">3</link>,<link ref="bibPineda1975">6</link>,<link ref="bibSandler1994">8</link>,<link ref="bibFerreira1988">9</link>,<link ref="bibFudenberg1968">16</link>].</p>
			<p>Eine Untersuchung auf Antikörper gegen IgA wird empfohlen bei unklaren nichthämolytischen Transfusionsreaktionen sowie bei allen Patienten mit IgA-Mangel [<link ref="bibMcCluskey">10</link>,<link ref="bibCunningham1996">11</link>].</p>
			<p>Zum Nachweis dieser Antikörper wurden bisher drei verschiedene Testverfahren beschrieben [<link ref="bibSandler1995">12</link>,<link ref="bibHunt1990">13</link>,<link ref="bibEckrich1993">14</link>]: der ELISA (Enzyme Linked Immuno Sorbent Assay), der RIA (Radio Immuno Assay) und der passive Hämagglutinationstest (PHT). Diese Methoden sind relativ arbeitsaufwendig, zeigen häufig unspezifische Reaktionen und werden nur in Einzellaboren durchgeführt [<link ref="bibSandler1995">12</link>].</p>
			<p>In der vorliegenden Arbeit wurde ein einfacher Particle Gel Immuno Assay (ID-PaGIA) entwickelt, mit dem innerhalb von 20 Minuten solche Antikörper spezifisch nachgewiesen werden können.</p>
		</chapter></cms:content></cms:document></cms:container>