6. Literatur

[1]               Mylonakis, E.; Barlam, T. F.; Flanigan, T. and Rich, J. D. (1998): Pulmonary aspergillosis and invasive disease in AIDS: review of 342 cases, Chest 114 [1], pp.251-62.

[2]               Tietz, H. J.; Brehmer, D.; Janisch, W. and Martin, H. (1998): [Incidence of endomycoses in the autopsy material of the Berlin Charite Hospital], Mycoses 41 [Suppl 2], pp.81-5..

[3]               Manfredi, R.; Salfi, N.; Alampi, G.; Mazzoni, A.; Nanetti, A.; de Cillia, C. and Chiodo, F. (1998): AIDS-related visceral aspergillosis: an underdiagnosed disease during life?, Mycoses 41 [11-12], pp.453-60.

[4]               Matthews, G. and Pozniak, A. L. (1999): Opportunistic infections in the era of HAART, Sex Transm Infect 75 [4], pp.214-7.. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?db=m&form=6&dopt=r&uid=10615304

[5]               Rosen, M. J. (1999): Epidemiology and risk of pulmonary disease, Semin Respir Infect 14 [4], pp.301-8.. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?db=m&form=6&dopt=r&uid=10638509

[6]               Schneider, R. F. and Rosen, M. J. (1997): Pulmonary complications of HIV infection, Curr Opin Pulm Med 3 [2], pp.151-8.. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?db=m&form=6&dopt=r&uid=9193862

[7]               Haddad, N. E. and Powderly, W. G. (2001): The changing face of mycoses in patients with HIV/AIDS, AIDS Read 11 [7], pp.365-8, 375-8..

[8]               Moreno, A.; Perez-Elias, M.; Casado, J.; Navas, E.; Pintado, V.; Fortun, J.; Quereda, C. and Guerrero, A. (2000): Role of antiretroviral therapy in long-term survival of patients with AIDS-related pulmonary aspergillosis, Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 19 [9], pp.688-93..

[9]               Wallace, J. M.; Lim, R.; Browdy, B. L.; Hopewell, P. C.; Glassroth, J.; Rosen, M. J.; Reichman, L. B. and Kvale, P. A. (1998): Risk factors and outcomes associated with identification of Aspergillus in respiratory specimens from persons with HIV disease. Pulmonary Complications of HIV Infection Study Group, Chest 114 [1], pp.131-7.

[10]               Nash, G.; Irvine, R.; Kerschmann, R. L. and Herndier, B. (1997): Pulmonary aspergillosis in acquired immune deficiency syndrome: autopsy study of an emerging pulmonary complication of human immunodeficiency virus infection, Hum Pathol 28 [11], pp.1268-75.

[11]               Holding, K. J.; Dworkin, M. S.; Wan, P. C.; Hanson, D. L.; Klevens, R. M.; Jones, J. L. and Sullivan, P. S. (2000): Aspergillosis among people infected with human immunodeficiency virus: incidence and survival. Adult and Adolescent Spectrum of HIV Disease Project, Clin Infect Dis 31 [5], pp.1253-7..

[12]               Morison, L. (2001): The global epidemiology of HIV/AIDS, Br Med Bull 58, pp.7-18.

[13]               Anonymus (1999): [HIV infection in Russia in 1998], Zh Mikrobiol Epidemiol Immunobiol [1],p.38..

[14]               Dehne, K. L.; Khodakevich, L.; Hamers, F. F. and Schwartlander, B. (1999): The HIV/AIDS epidemic in eastern Europe: recent patterns and trends and their implications for policy-making, Aids 13 [7], pp.741-9..

[15]               Eholie, S. P.; N'Gbocho, L.; Bissagnene, E.; Coulibaly, M.; Ehui, E.; Kra, O.; Assoumou, A.; Aoussi, E. and Kadio, A. (1997): [Profound mycoses in AIDS in Abidjan (Cote d'Ivoire)], Bull Soc Pathol Exot 90 [5], pp.307-11.

[16]               Domoua, K.; M, N. Dhatz; Coulibaly, G.; Traore, F.; Koffi, J.; Achi, V.; Cisse, L.; Kouame, S.; Beugre, L. K.; Konan, J. B. and Yapi, A. (1997): [Pulmonary complications of human immunodeficiency virus infection in sub-Saharan Africa]

Complications pulmonaires de l'infection par le virus de l'immunodeficience humaine en Afrique sub-saharienne, Rev Pneumol Clin 53 [2], pp.79-84.

[17]               Kreisel, W.; Kochling, G.; von Schilling, C.; Azemar, M.; Kurzweil, B.; Dolken, G.; Lindemann, A.; Blum, U.; Windfuhr, M. and Muller, J. (1991): Therapy of invasive aspergillosis with itraconazole: improvement of therapeutic efficacy by early diagnosis, Mycoses 34 [9-10], pp.385-94.

[18]               Denning, D. W. (1998): Invasive aspergillosis, Clin Infect Dis 26 [4], pp.781-803; quiz 804-5.. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?db=m&form=6&dopt=r&uid=9564455

[19]               Pervez, N. K.; Kleinerman, J.; Kattan, M.; Freed, J. A.; Harris, M. B.; Rosen, M. J. and Schwartz, I. S. (1985): Pseudomembranous necrotizing bronchial aspergillosis. A variant of invasive aspergillosis in a patient with hemophilia and acquired immune deficiency syndrome, Am Rev Respir Dis 131 [6], pp.961-3..

[20]               Gotway, M. B.; Dawn, S. K.; Caoili, E. M.; Reddy, G. P.; Araoz, P. A. and Webb, W. R. (2002): The radiologic spectrum of pulmonary Aspergillus infections, J Comput Assist Tomogr 26 [2], pp.159-73. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=11884768

[21]               Franquet, T.; Muller, N. L.; Gimenez, A.; Guembe, P.; de La Torre, J. and Bague, S. (2001): Spectrum of pulmonary aspergillosis: histologic, clinical, and radiologic findings, Radiographics 21 [4], pp.825-37. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=11452056

[22]               Quoix, E.; Gasser, B.; Apprill, M.; Gourdon, C.; Pauli, G. and Roegel, E. (1990): [Endobronchial aspergillosis associated with a carcinoid tumor], Rev Mal Respir 7 [6], pp.609-12. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=2270353

[23]               Denning, D. W.; Follansbee, S. E.; Scolaro, M.; Norris, S.; Edelstein, H. and Stevens, D. A. (1991): Pulmonary aspergillosis in the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome [see comments], N Engl J Med 324 [10], pp.654-62.

[24]               Miller, W. T., Jr.; Sais, G. J.; Frank, I.; Gefter, W. B.; Aronchick, J. M. and Miller, W. T. (1994): Pulmonary aspergillosis in patients with AIDS. Clinical and radiographic correlations, Chest 105 [1], pp.37-44.

[25]               Lamagni, T. L.; Evans, B. G.; Shigematsu, M. and Johnson, E. M. (2001): Emerging trends in the epidemiology of invasive mycoses in England and Wales (1990-9), Epidemiol Infect 126 [3], pp.397-414..

[26]               Yamazaki, T.; Kume, H.; Murase, S.; Yamashita, E. and Arisawa, M. (1999): Epidemiology of visceral mycoses: analysis of data in annual of the pathological autopsy cases in Japan, J Clin Microbiol 37 [6], pp.1732-8.

[27]               Conces, D. J., Jr. (1998): Pulmonary infections in immunocompromised patients who do not have acquired immunodeficiency syndrome: a systematic approach, J Thorac Imaging 13 [4], pp.234-46.. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?db=m&form=6&dopt=r&uid=9799132

[28]               Lortholary, O.; Meyohas, M. C.; Dupont, B.; Cadranel, J.; Salmon Ceron, D.; Peyramond, D. and Simonin, D. (1993): Invasive aspergillosis in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome: report of 33 cases. French Cooperative Study Group on Aspergillosis in AIDS, Am J Med 95 [2], pp.177-87.

[29]               Nalesnik, M. A.; Myerowitz, R. L.; Jenkins, R.; Lenkey, J. and Herbert, D. (1980): Significance of Aspergillus species isolated from respiratory secretions in the diagnosis of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis, J Clin Microbiol 11 [4], pp.370-6.. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?db=m&form=6&dopt=r&uid=7372799

[30]               Smith, P. D.; Ohura, K.; Masur, H.; Lane, H. C.; Fauci, A. S. and Wahl, S. M. (1984): Monocyte function in the acquired immune deficiency syndrome. Defective chemotaxis, J Clin Invest 74 [6], pp.2121-8.. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?db=m&form=6&dopt=r&uid=6511917

[31]               Minamoto, G. Y.; Barlam, T. F. and Vander Els, N. J. (1992): Invasive aspergillosis in patients with AIDS, Clin Infect Dis 14 [1], pp.66-74.

[32]               Hamadeh, R.; Ardehali, A.; Locksley, R. M. and York, M. K. (1988): Fatal aspergillosis associated with smoking contaminated marijuana, in a marrow transplant recipient, Chest 94 [2], pp.432-3..

[33]               Boogaerts, M. and Maertens, J. (2001): Clinical experience with itraconazole in systemic fungal infections, Drugs 61 [Suppl 1], pp.39-47..

[34]               Denning, D. W. and Stevens, D. A. (1990): Antifungal and surgical treatment of invasive aspergillosis: review of 2,121 published cases, Rev Infect Dis 12 [6], pp.1147-201.. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?db=m&form=6&dopt=r&uid=2267490

[35]               Denning, D. W. (1994): Treatment of invasive aspergillosis, J Infect 28 Suppl 1, pp.25-33.. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?db=m&form=6&dopt=r&uid=8077688

[36]               Denning, D. W. (1996): Therapeutic outcome in invasive aspergillosis, Clin Infect Dis 23 [3], pp.608-15.

[37]               Herbrecht, R.; Denning, D. W.; Patterson, T. F.; Bennett, J. E.; Greene, R. E.; Oestmann, J. W.; Kern, W. V.; Marr, K. A.; Ribaud, P.; Lortholary, O.; Sylvester, R.; Rubin, R. H.; Wingard, J. R.; Stark, P.; Durand, C.; Caillot, D.; Thiel, E.; Chandrasekar, P. H.; Hodges, M. R.; Schlamm, H. T.; Troke, P. F. and de Pauw, B. (2002): Voriconazole versus amphotericin B for primary therapy of invasive aspergillosis, N Engl J Med 347 [6], pp.408-15. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=12167683

[38]               Abolhoda, A. and Keller, S. M. (1999): Thoracic surgical spectrum of HIV infection, Semin Respir Infect 14 [4], pp.359-65.

[39]               Addrizzo Harris, D. J.; Harkin, T. J.; McGuinness, G.; Naidich, D. P. and Rom, W. N. (1997): Pulmonary aspergilloma and AIDS. A comparison of HIV-infected and HIV-negative individuals, Chest 111 [3], pp.612-8.

[40]               Yu, V. L.; Muder, R. R. and Poorsattar, A. (1986): Significance of isolation of Aspergillus from the respiratory tract in diagnosis of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis. Results from a three- year prospective study, Am J Med 81 [2], pp.249-54.. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?db=m&form=6&dopt=r&uid=3090879

[41]               Treger, T. R.; Visscher, D. W.; Bartlett, M. S. and Smith, J. W. (1985): Diagnosis of pulmonary infection caused by Aspergillus: usefulness of respiratory cultures, J Infect Dis 152 [3], pp.572-6.. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?db=m&form=6&dopt=r&uid=3928772

[42]               Denning, D. W.; Marinus, A.; Cohen, J.; Spence, D.; Herbrecht, R.; Pagano, L.; Kibbler, C.; Kcrmery, V.; Offner, F.; Cordonnier, C.; Jehn, U.; Ellis, M.; Collette, L. and Sylvester, R. (1998): An EORTC multicentre prospective survey of invasive aspergillosis in haematological patients: diagnosis and therapeutic outcome. EORTC Invasive Fungal Infections Cooperative Group, J Infect 37 [2], pp.173-80.. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?db=m&form=6&dopt=r&uid=9821093

[43]               Staples, C. A.; Kang, E. Y.; Wright, J. L.; Phillips, P. and Muller, N. L. (1995): Invasive pulmonary aspergillosis in AIDS: radiographic, CT, and pathologic findings, Radiology 196 [2], pp.409-14.

[44]               Heussel, C. P.; Ullmann, A. J. and Kauczor, H. U. (2000): [Fungal pneumonia], Radiologe 40 [6], pp.518-29.. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?db=m&form=6&dopt=r&uid=10929388

[45]               Haramati, L. B.; Jenny-Avital, E. R. and Alterman, D. D. (1997): Effect of HIV status on chest radiographic and CT findings in patients with tuberculosis, Clin Radiol 52 [1], pp.31-5.. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?db=m&form=6&dopt=r&uid=9022577

[46]               Leung, A. N. (1999): Pulmonary tuberculosis: the essentials, Radiology 210 [2], pp.307-22.. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?db=m&form=6&dopt=r&uid=10207408

[47]               Miller, R. (1996): HIV-associated respiratory diseases, Lancet 348 [9023], pp.307-12.. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?db=m&form=6&dopt=r&uid=8709692

[48]               Oestmann, J. W. and Galanski, M. (1989): [ROC: a method for comparing the diagnostic performance of imaging procedures], Rofo Fortschr Geb Rontgenstr Neuen Bildgeb Verfahr 151 [1], pp.89- 92.. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?db=m&form=6&dopt=r&uid=2546219

[49]               Metz, C. E. (1989): Some practical issues of experimental design and data analysis in radiological ROC studies, Invest Radiol 24 [3], pp.234-45.. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?db=m&form=6&dopt=r&uid=2753640

[50]               Harrington, M. B. (1990): Some methodological questions concerning receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis as a method for assessing image quality in radiology, J Digit Imaging 3 [4], pp.211-8.. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?db=m&form=6&dopt=r&uid=2085557

[51]               Vining, D. J. and Gladish, G. W. (1992): Receiver operating characteristic curves: a basic understanding, Radiographics 12 [6], pp.1147-54.. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?db=m&form=6&dopt=r&uid=1439017

[52]               Berbaum, K. S.; Franken, E. A., Jr.; Dorfman, D. D. and Lueben, K. R. (1994): Influence of clinical history on perception of abnormalities in pediatric radiographs, Acad Radiol 1 [3], pp.217-23..

[53]               Babcook, C. J.; Norman, G. R. and Coblentz, C. L. (1993): Effect of clinical history on the interpretation of chest radiographs in childhood bronchiolitis, Invest Radiol 28 [3], pp.214-7..

[54]               Doubilet, P. and Herman, P. G. (1981): Interpretation of radiographs: effect of clinical history, AJR Am J Roentgenol 137 [5], pp.1055-8..

[55]               Berbaum, K. S.; Franken, E. A., Jr.; Dorfman, D. D.; Barloon, T.; Ell, S. R.; Lu, C. H.; Smith, W. and Abu-Yousef, M. M. (1986): Tentative diagnoses facilitate the detection of diverse lesions in chest radiographs, Invest Radiol 21 [7], pp.532-9..

[56]               Song, K. S.; Song, H. H.; Park, S. H.; Ahn, K. J.; Yang, I. K.; Byun, J. Y.; Jeon, J. S.; Kim, J. Y.; Kim, B. S.; Lim, G. Y. and et al. (1992): Impact of clinical history on film interpretation, Yonsei Med J 33 [2], pp.168-72.. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?db=m&form=6&dopt=r&uid=1413894

[57]               Good, B. C.; Cooperstein, L. A.; DeMarino, G. B.; Miketic, L. M.; Gennari, R. C.; Rockette, H. E. and Gur, D. (1990): Does knowledge of the clinical history affect the accuracy of chest radiograph interpretation?, AJR Am J Roentgenol 154 [4], pp.709-12..

[58]               Cooperstein, L. A.; Good, B. C.; Eelkema, E. A.; Sumkin, J. H.; Tabor, E. K.; Sidorovich, K.; Curtin, H. D. and Yousem, S. A. (1990): The effect of clinical history on chest radiograph interpretations in a PACS environment, Invest Radiol 25 [6], pp.670-4..

[59]               Potchen, E. J.; Cooper, T. G.; Sierra, A. E.; Aben, G. R.; Potchen, M. J.; Potter, M. G. and Siebert, J. E. (2000): Measuring performance in chest radiography, Radiology 217 [2], pp.456-9..

[60]               Brogdon, B. G.; Kelsey, C. A. and Moseley, R. D., Jr. (1983): Factors affecting perception of pulmonary lesions, Radiol Clin North Am 21 [4], pp.633-54..

[61]               Rockette, H. E.; Gur, D.; Cooperstein, L. A.; Obuchowski, N. A.; King, J. L.; Fuhrman, C. R.; Tabor, E. K. and Metz, C. E. (1990): Effect of two rating formats in multi-disease ROC study of chest images, Invest Radiol 25 [3], pp.225-9..

[62]               Parker, T. W.; Kelsey, C. A.; Moseley, R. D., Jr.; Mettler, F. A., Jr.; Garcia, J. F. and Briscoe, D. E. (1982): Directed versus free search for nodules in chest radiographs, Invest Radiol 17 [2], pp.152-5..

[63]               Swensson, R. G. (2000): Using localization data from image interpretations to improve estimates of performance accuracy, Med Decis Making 20 [2], pp.170-85..

[64]               Swensson, R. G.; Hessel, S. J. and Herman, P. G. (1985): The value of searching films without specific preconceptions, Invest Radiol 20 [1], pp.100-14..

[65]               Eldevik, O. P.; Dugstad, G.; Orrison, W. W. and Haughton, V. M. (1982): The effect of clinical bias on the interpretation of myelography and spinal computed tomography, Radiology 145 [1], pp.85-9..

[66]               Blum, U.; Windfuhr, M.; Buitrago-Tellez, C.; Sigmund, G.; Herbst, E. W. and Langer, M. (1994): Invasive pulmonary aspergillosis. MRI, CT, and plain radiographic findings and their contribution for early diagnosis, Chest 106 [4], pp.1156-61.. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?db=m&form=6&dopt=r&uid=7924489

[67]               Kelsey, C. A.; Moseley, R. D.; Brogdon, B. G.; Bhave, D. G. and Hallberg, J. (1977): Effect of size and position on chest lesion detection, AJR Am J Roentgenol 129 [2], pp.205-8..

[68]               Kelsey, C. A.; Moseley, R. D., Jr.; Mettler, F. A., Jr. and Briscoe, D. E. (1981): Observer Performance as a function of viewing distance, Invest Radiol 16 [5], pp.435-7..

[69]               Roos, N.; Fahrenkamp, A.; von Eiff, M.; Diederich, S.; Bommelburg, T.; Ritter, J.; Fegeler, W. and Peters, P. E. (1991): [Diagnostic validity of imaging methods in the detection and observation of the progress of cases of invasive aspergillosis of the blood vessels of the lung], Mycoses 34 [Suppl 1], pp.37-41.. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?db=m&form=6&dopt=r&uid=1818261

[70]               Kang, E. Y.; Staples, C. A.; McGuinness, G.; Primack, S. L. and Muller, N. L. (1996): Detection and differential diagnosis of pulmonary infections and tumors in patients with AIDS: value of chest radiography versus CT, AJR Am J Roentgenol 166 [1], pp.15-9.. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?db=m&form=6&dopt=r&uid=8571866

[71]               Winer-Muram, H. T.; Arheart, K. L.; Jennings, S. G.; Rubin, S. A.; Kauffman, W. M. and Slobod, K. S. (1997): Pulmonary complications in children with hematologic malignancies: accuracy of diagnosis with chest radiography and CT, Radiology 204 [3], pp.643-9..

[72]               Haramati, L. B. and Jenny Avital, E. R. (1998): Approach to the diagnosis of pulmonary disease in patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus, J Thorac Imaging 13 [4], pp.247-60.